The Russians attack before Kovel.

The Italians bombard the Austrian positions on the Isonzo.

Aug. 2 (Wed.)

The Caucasus:—Mush and Bitlis are recaptured by the Turks (see Feb. 19, Mar. 2, and Aug. 23 and 24).

The Italian dreadnought Leonardo da Vinci is sunk by an internal explosion in Taranto harbour.

A Zeppelin raid on the eastern counties of England.

Aug. 3 (Thur.)

Sir Roger Casement is hanged in Pentonville Prison (see June 29).

Fierce fighting on the Stokhod; the Russian advance is checked.

East Africa:—Ujiji is captured by the Belgians.