American troops are in action in France for the first time (see June 26).

The Gulf of Riga:—The Germans evacuate the mainland of Esthonia (see Oct. 21).

Italy:—The Germans capture Cividale and sweep into the Friulian plain; 80,000 prisoners are claimed to date.

An action between Allied and German destroyers off the Belgian coast.

Oct. 28 (Sun.)

A new Italian Cabinet is formed under Signor Orlando.

Fall of Gorizia: the Italians retreat towards the line of the Tagliamento; 100,000 prisoners and 700 guns are claimed by the enemy to date (see Aug. 8, 1916).

Oct. 29 (Mon.)

Italy:—The Austro-Germans occupy Udine.