See Boehmer (G. H.), Prehistoric Naval Architecture of the North of Europe, Report of the U.S. National Museum for 1891 (now rather out of date); Guðmundsson (V.), Nordboernes Skibe i Vikinge- og Sagatiden, København, 1900; [*]Schnepper, Die Namen der Schiffe u. Schiffsteile im Altenglischen (Kiel Diss.), 1908; Falk (H.), Altnordisches Seewesen (Wörter u. Sachen, IV, Heidelberg, 1912); Hoops' Reallexikon, s.v. Schiff.
G. LEIRE BEFORE ROLF KRAKI
That Leire was the royal town, not merely of Rolf Kraki, but of Rolf's predecessors as well, is stated in the Skjoldunga Saga, extant in the Latin abstract of Arngrim Jonsson: Scioldus in arce Selandiae Hledro sedes posuit, quae et sequentium plurimorum regum regia fuit (ed. Olrik, København, 1894, p. 23 [105]). Similarly we are told in the Ynglinga Saga, concerning Gefion, Hennar fekk Skjǫldr, sonr Óðins; þau bjoggu at Hleiðru (Heimskringla, udgivne ved F. Jónsson, København, I, 15 [cap. V]).
Above all, it is clear from the Annales Lundenses that, in the twelfth century, Dan, Ro (Hrothgar) and Haldan (Healfdene) were traditionally connected with Leire, and three of the grave mounds there were associated with these three kings. See the extract given above, pp. [204]-5, and cf. p. [17].
H. BEE-WOLF AND BEAR'S SON
The obvious interpretation of the name Bēowulf is that suggested by Grimm[[806]], that it means "wolf, or foe, of the bee." Grimm's suggestion was repeated independently by Skeat[[807]], and further reasons for the interpretation "bee-foe" have been found by Sweet[[808]] (who had been anticipated by Simrock[[809]] in some of his points), by Cosijn[[810]], Sievers[[811]], von Grienberger[[812]], Panzer[[813]] and Björkman[[814]].