SECANT.—See table at the end of the word [Gunnery].
SHELLS—For Mortars and Howitzers.—Their Dimensions, Weight, &c.
| Nature. | Weight. | Diameter. | Powder
contained
in Shells. | Powder
for
Burning. | Diameter of
Fuze Hole. | Thickness
of Metal. |
|---|
| Outside | Inside |
|---|
| | Ct. | qr. | lbs. | oz. | Inches. | lbs. | oz. | lbs. | oz. | Inches. | Inches. | Inches. |
| 13 Inch | 1 | 3 | 2 | | 12¾ | 10 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 1.837 | 1.696 | 2.05 |
| 10 ” | | 3 | 9 | | 9¾ | 4 | 5 | 2 | 10 | 1.57 | 1.45 | 1.575 |
| 8 ” | | 1 | 11½ | | 7¾ | 2 | 12 | 1 | 14 | 1.219 | 1.127 | 1.2 |
| 5½ ” | | | 15¼ | | 5¼ | 1 | | | 12 | 0.894 | 0.826 | 0.822 |
| 4⅖ ” | | | 8 | | 4⅕ | | 7 | | 5 | 0.832 | 0.769 | 0.653 |
| Hand | | | 3 | 11 | 3.49 | | | | | | | |
| Gren. | | | 1 | 13 | 2.77 | | | | 1½ | | | |
| French Shells, in French Weights and Measures. |
| Inches. | | | lbs. | | | | | | | Lines Po. | Lines Po. | Lines |
| 12 Inch | | | 150 | | 12 | 17 | | 5 | | 15 9 | 15 | 16 |
| 10 ” | | | 100 | | 10 | 10 | | 3 | | 15 9 | 15 | 16 |
| 8 ” | | | 43 | | 8 | 4 | 1 | 1 | | 12 | 11 | 10 |
| 6 ” | | | 23 | | 6 | 2 | 8 | | 12 | 11 | 10 6 | 10 |
Dimensions of Shells for Guns and Carronades
made with an equal Thickness of Metal.
| Nature. | 42 Pr. | 32 | 24 | 18 | 12 |
|---|
| | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches |
|---|
| Guns |  | Diameter of the shell — | Exterior | 6.684 | 6.105 | 5.547 | 5.04 | 4.4 |
| Interior | 4.404 | 4.005 | 3.767 | 3.4 | 2.8 |
| Thickness of metal | | 1.14 | 1.05 | 0.89 | 0.82 | 0.8 |
| Diameter of fuze hole — | Exterior | 0.894 | 0.894 | 0.894 | 0.832 | 0.832 |
| Interior | 0.826 | 0.826 | 0.826 | 0.769 | 0.769 |
| Powder for bursting | oz. | 14 | 11 | 12 | 9 | 5½ |
| Carronades | | Diameter of the shell — | Exterior | 6.64 | 6.05 | 5.48 | 4.935 | 4.295 |
| Interior | 4.36 | 3.95 | 3.48 | 3.235 | 2.695 |
| Thickness of metal | | 1.14 | 1.05 | 1. | 0.85 | 0.8 |
| Shells Weight | lbs. | | 22 | | 12 | |
| Contains powder | oz. | | 12½ | | 9 | |
| Powder for bursting | oz. | | 10 | | 7 | |
The following Shells may also be fired from Guns.
| Hand | Grenades | from | 6 | Prs. |
| 4⅖ | Shells | ” | 12 | Prs. |
| 5½ | Shells | ” | 24 | Prs. |
| 8 | Inch | ” | 68 | Pr. Carronades. |
Shells may likewise be thrown from guns to short distances, in cases of necessity, though the bore be not of a diameter sufficient to admit the shell. For this purpose the gun may be elevated to any degree that will retain the shell upon its muzzle, which may be assisted by a small line going from the lugs of the shell round the neck of the gun. To produce a greater effect, the space between the shell and the charge may be filled with wads or other substance.
Lombard.
Shells are likewise sometimes quilted into grape. See the word [Shot].