Miles. Fort Thorne, N.M., to
14.30. Water Holes.—One mile west of hole in rock. Water uncertain; no wood.
9.19. Mule Creek.—-Water at all seasons a little up the creek; wood plenty.
12.00. Cook's Spring.—Water sufficient for camping; mesquite bushes on the hills.
19.50. Rio Mimbres.—Water and wood abundant.
16.30. Ojo de la Vaca.—Water and wood.
12.00. Spring.—Constant small streams two miles up the cañon; water at the road uncertain.
44.40. Rancho.—Pond of brackish water one mile to the right, four miles before reaching here.
13.90. Rio St. Simon.—Constant water a few miles up, and mesquite wood.
18.40. Pass in the Mountains.—Water on the left about two miles after entering the Pass.
6.40. Arroya.—Wood one mile up; water uncertain; small stream crossing the road 1-1/2 miles from last camp.
26.30. Nugent's Spring.—Large spring.—Excellent water one mile south, at Playa St. Domingo.
17.20. Cañon.—To the left of the road. Water 1-1/2 miles up the canon, two miles from the road.
17.00. Rio San Pedro.—Water and wood abundant.
16.30. San Pedro.—Water abundant; wood distant.
20.80. Cienequilla.—Water and wood abundant.
7.30. Along Cienequilla.—Water and wood abundant; road rough.
21.80. Mission of San Xavier.—Large mesquite, and water plenty in Santa Cruz River.
8.00. Tucson.—Village on Santa Cruz River. Tucson is the last green spot on the Santa Cruz River. The best camping-ground is two miles beyond the village, where the valley widens, and good grass and water are abundant.
7.20. Mud Holes.—The road passes over arroyas, but is rather level.
65.00. Agua Hermal.—Road passes over a desert section, and is hard and level. Water is found in most seasons, except in early summer, in natural reservoirs on an isolated mountain about midway, called "Picapo;" poor water and tall, coarse grass at the mud-holes. Road here strikes the Rio Gila.
15.10. Los Pimos.—Road follows the river bottom. Lagoon of bad water near camp. Grass good; plenty of cottonwood and mesquite.
13.20. Los Maricopas.—Road takes the river bottom, and passes through cultivated fields; soil and grass good. The Indian village is on a gravelly hill. The road is good.
40.00. El Tegotal.—The road leaves the river and crosses the desert. No water between this and the last camp at the Maricopas' village. Road is good. The calita abounds here, and the mules are fond of it.
10.50. Pega del Rio.—Road runs in the river bottom, and is level.
Rincon de Vega.—Road runs in the river bottom, and is level. Good grass.
10.50. Mal Pais.—Road continues near the river, but over low gravel-hills and through a short cañon of deep sand.
9.50. Mil Flores.—Pass over a very steep precipice to an elevated plateau, thence over gravel-hills 4-1/2 miles to camp, where there is excellent grass and wood.
13.70. Santado.—Road keeps the river bottom until within four miles of camp, when it turns over the plateau. Good grass.
16.70. Las Lonas.—Road follows the river bottom. Scattered bunch-grass on the hills.
11.40. Vegas.—Road follows along the river bottom. Grass poor.
16.80. Metate.—Road runs along at the foot of a rugged mountain. Excellent grass at the camp.
14.70. El Horral.—Road ascends to the plateau, which it follows for seven miles over a level country, then descends over gravelly hills to the river. Camp on the river bank near the desert. Wood plenty.
20.80. Los Algodones.—Road runs along at the foot of the hills or spurs of the desert; small rugged hills, vegetation dwarf mesquit, cacti, etc. Good grass at camp.
7.40. Fort Yuma, on the Rio Colorado.

Total distance from Fort Thorne, N.M., to Fort Yuma, 571 miles.

XXIV.—Lieutenant Bryan's Route from the Laramie Crossing of the South Platte to Fort Bridger, via Bridger's Pass.

Miles. Laramie Crossing to
14. Bryan's Crossing.—Road runs on the south side of the Platte. Good grass and water.
12. First Crossing of Pole Creek.—Pole Creek is a rapid stream, sandy bed, 15 feet wide, and two feet deep. Good grass on the creek, and wood three miles off on the bluffs.
37. Second Crossing of Pole Creek.—Road runs along the creek. Good grass and good camps at any point. Good road.
17-1/4. Third Crossing of Pole Creek.—Good camp. Wood on the bluffs.
20-1/2. Fourth Crossing of Pole Creek.—Creek dry for three miles. Good grass.
20-1/4. Bluffs covered with dead pines.—Creek is crossed several times. Road runs over a rough, broken country. Good grass.
14-1/2. Road from Fort Laramie to New Mexico.—Road rather rough. The valley opens out into a wide plain. Plenty of grass.
10-1/2. On Pole Creek.—Good road; good camp.
20. On Pole Creek.—Road crosses several ravines, most of which can be avoided by keeping on the bluffs; the valley is narrow. Grass not very good.
17-1/2. Cheyenne Pass.—Road passes over a rolling country. Good grass; willows for fuel. Military post established here.
14-1/2. Summit of Black Hills.—Source of Pole Creek. Grass poor.
10-1/4. East Fork of Laramie River.—Good camp.
16. West Fork of Laramie River.—Good camp. Cherokee trail comes in here.
14. Cooper's Creek.—Wood and grass.
10-1/2. East Fork of Medicine Bow Creek.—Wood and grass as far as Pass Creek.
2-1/2. Small Creek.
6. Birch Creek.
5-1/4. West Fork of Medicine Bow Creek.
2. Flint's Creek.
3. Elm Creek.
7. Rattlesnake Creek.
5. Pass Creek.
14-1/2. North Fork of the Platte.—Good road over high prairie. Five miles before reaching the river the Cherokee trail turns to the left, and crosses three miles above. Good camps on the river.
3-1/2. First Crossing of Sage Creek.—Good road. Grass not plenty.
10-1/2. Second Crossing of Sage Creek.—Road runs through Sage Creek Valley; hilly, broken, and sterile country, covered with sage-brush. Grass not abundant. Cherokee trail leaves three miles back.
4. Third Crossing of Sage Creek.—Road continues through sage-brush. Grass gets better.
3. Fourth Crossing of Sage Creek.—Good grass, wood, and water.
9. Bridger's Pass.—Road runs over a hilly country, crossing several small branches, with a little grass upon their banks; country covered with sage.
3-1/2. Muddy Creek.—The valley of the "Muddy" is deep and narrow at first, and afterward opens out. The crossings of this creek were either bridged or paved by the troops in 1858. But little grass in this valley.
20-1/2. Near Muddy Creek.—Very little grass; poor camp.
16-1/2. Bridger's Fork of the Muddy Creek.—The road for thirteen miles runs over a rolling country, then over a rough, broken country, with deep ravines. No water in this fork in a dry season; small springs of brackish water near the crossing. Grass poor.
4. Small Spring.—Water bad; grass poor.
2-1/2. Small Spring.—In the bluff. Water bad; grass poor.
1. Haystack.—Clay butte. Spring in the dry bed of the creek. Bunch-grass.
5-1/2. Small Springs.—In bluffs on the right of the road. Grass poor and water bad.
7-1/2. Springs.—There is a fine spring at the foot of a steep hill on the south side of the road. Very little grass; rushes on the creek.
3-1/2. South Fork of Bitter Creek.—Good grass and water.
14-3/4. On Bitter Creek.—Country hilly, and intersected with deep ravines. South Fork is a fine stream of good water.
16. Sulphur Springs.—Road very hilly, crossing many deep ravines. Grass and sage plenty.
9. Bitter Creek Crossing.—No grass at the crossing. Water bitter when the creek is down, but tolerable in high water. Road rough, with numerous ravines.
18-1/2. North Fork of Bitter Creek.—Cherokee trail enters near the crossing. Road good, but little grass except in spots. Sage for fuel.
4. Bluffs.—Springs of good water in the elevated bluffs on the right of the road in the cottonwood groves. Grass good and abundant at the base of the bluffs.
11-3/4. Green River.—Road is very rough and hilly, and winds along the valley of the creek. Good camp on the river, with plenty of wood and grass.
15-3/4. Crossing of Black's Fork.—Road runs up through Rabbit Hollow, which is steep and sandy; it then passes over rolling prairie to Black's Fork. Bunch-grass on the hills, and good camp at the crossing.
11-1/4. Fort Laramie Road.—Rolling country; good road through sage bushes. Good camps along the creek.
5-3/4. Ham's Fork.—Good camp on either side of the creek. United States bridge here; good road.
3/4. Black's Fork Crossing.—Good ford except in high water, when the right-hand road on the north bank of the creek is generally traveled.
14-1/2. Fourth Crossing of Black's Fork.—Good road; fine camp; plenty of wood, water, and grass.
2-3/4. Fifth Crossing of Black's Fork.—Good camp; good road.
2-3/4. Smith's Fork.—Good camp; good road.
11-3/4. Fort Bridger.—Good camp near; good road.

Total distance from the Laramie Crossing of the South Platte to Fort Bridger, 520-1/2 miles. By the Fort Laramie road the distance is 569 miles.

XXV.—Wagon-route from Denver City, at the Mouth of Cherry Creek, to Fort Bridger, Utah.

Miles. Denver City to
5. Vasquez Fork.—Good road and fine camp.
19-1/2. Thompson's Fork.—Road crosses three creeks about five miles apart, is good, and the camp is well supplied with water and grass, but wood is scarce.
16-1/2. Bent's Fork.—Road crosses two streams about five miles apart; no wood on the first. Good camp.
26. Cashe la Poudre River.—Excellent road crossing two streams at ten and twenty-three miles from the last camp; good camps on both. Cashe la Poudre is a fine large stream which issues from the mountains near the road, and is difficult to cross in high water. It has a firm bottom. Good camps along this stream, with plenty of wood and grass.
16. Beaver Creek.—Road turns to the left and enters the hills, ascending very gradually between two lines of bluffs, and is good except in wet weather. Good camp.
19. Small Branch.—Road crosses Beaver Creek three times, affording good camps. Road is hilly, but not very rough, passing for a portion of the distance through a timbered region. Elk and mountain sheep are abundant in this section. The camp is near the summit of the divide. Grass short.
17-1/2. Tributary of Laramie River.—Good road on the divide. Grass and water plenty, but wood not abundant.
18-1/2. Tributary of Laramie River.—Road passes Laramie Fork three miles from the last camp. Good camp.
21. Tributary of Laramie River.—Road crosses a small creek at 14 miles from last camp. Fine camp.
17. Medicine Bow Creek.—At twelve miles the road crosses Sulphur Spring Creek, and at the West Fork of the Laramie Lieutenant Bryan's road enters. At ten miles from the last camp there are two roads—one, Bryan's, leading north of the Medicine Bow Butte, and the other to the south of it. The former is the best. Good camp.
17-1/2. Prairie Creek.—Fine camp. A portion of the road is very rough. It crosses several small branches upon which good camps may be had. Fine game section, with bear, elk, etc., in great abundance.
12-1/2. North Fork of the Platte.—Excellent camp. Leave Bryan's road four miles back, taking the left, which is altogether the best of the two. The crossing of the Platte is good except in high water, when it is very rapid. A flat-boat was left here by Colonel Loring's command in 1858.
12-1/2. Clear Creek.—Sage for fuel; grass short.
23. Dry Creek.—Road leaves Bryan's trail to Bridger's Pass, and bears to the right, passing over a smooth country covered with sage and poorly watered; passes a pond of milky water at thirteen miles. There is water in Dry Creek except in a very dry season. Two miles from the creek, on the old trail, there is a fine spring on the left of the road, which runs down into the road, and here is the best grass after leaving the Platte, with plenty of fuel.
10-1/2. Muddy Creek.—Road leaves the old Cherokee trail at Dry Creek, and bears to the left. Good camp for a limited number of animals; fine grass along near the bank of the creek. Bad crossing. Buffalo seen here.
19-1/2. Lake.—Old trail enters near this camp. Road passes a brackish spring four miles back. The road may be shortened by bearing to the left and skirting the hills for about six miles before reaching the lake. The water in the lake is not good, but drinkable, and will be abundant except in the very dryest part of the summer. Grass is good on the hills. The road from Dry Creek is shorter than the old road by 30 miles.
24-1/2. Red Lakes.—Road is good, but traverses a very dry and sterile region. The water is not good in the lakes, but drinkable, and may go dry in midsummer. Grass tolerable.
22. Seminoes Spring.—After passing the flats at the Red Lakes the road is smooth and good, and there is a good camp at Seminoes Spring.
12-1/2. Bitter Creek.—New road to the left, cutting off ten or twelve miles. Good camp; water a little saline, but drinkable.
25. Sulphur Spring.—Road runs along the valley of Bitter Creek, where there is but little grass until reaching camp. Animals should be driven across the creek into the hills, where the best grass is found.
17. Green River.—Road leaves Bitter Creek at Sulphur Spring, and passes near, some high bluffs, where there are small springs and good grass. Excellent camp at Green River. From here the road runs over the same track as Bryan's road to Fort Bridger. From all the information I have been able to obtain regarding Lieutenant Bryan's road from Sage Creek through Bridger's Pass, and thence down the Muddy Creek, I am inclined to believe that the road we traveled is much the best. It is said that Lieutenant Bryan's route from Bridger's Pass to Green River has a scarcity of grass. The water is brackish, and the supply limited, and may fail altogether in a dry season. The road passes through deep valleys and cañons, crossing muddy creeks and deep ravines. The creeks have been bridged and the ravines cut down so as to form a practicable road; but freshets will probably occur in the spring, which will destroy a great deal of the work, and may render the road impassable.—Lieutenant Duane's Notes.
The other road is for the greater part of the distance smooth, and has a sufficiency of grass in places, but the water may become scarce in a very dry season.