Footnotes:
[1] “An experiment concerning the Spirit of Coals,” Phil. Trans. (abridged), vol. viii. p. 295.
[2] Report of the Coal Commissioners (1866-71), vol. i.
[3] In a paper read before the Royal Statistical Society by Mr. Price-Williams in 1889, this author points out that, owing to the introduction of the Bessemer process and other economical improvements, the amount of coal used in the iron and steel manufacture had fallen in 1867 to about sixteen and a half per cent. of the total quantity raised.
[4] This remark does not apply to Great Britain; our Excise regulations have practically killed those branches of manufacture requiring the use of pure wood-spirit.
[5] Since the above was written, new synthetical processes for the production of indigo have been made known in Germany by Karl Heumann. Of the commercial aspect of these discoveries it is of course impossible at present to form an opinion.
[6] Since the above was written the continuation of Koch’s researches upon the tubercle bacillus has culminated in the discovery of his now world-renowned lymph for the inoculation of patients suffering from tubercular disease.
[7] In one large factory in Yorkshire there is a set of stills kept constantly at work making pure aniline at the rate of two hundred tons per month. The monthly consumption of coal in this factory is two thousand tons, equal to twenty-four thousand tons per annum.