[48] Science, July, 1908.
[49] If for example there were 5000 dominants and 4000 recessives, and if only half of the population survives to mate, then we should be left with 2500 dominants and 2000 recessives as parents of the next generation. But if there were also a 10% selective disadvantage working against the recessives, their numbers would be further reduced from 2000 to 1800 and the proportion of dominants to recessives would be changed from 5:4 to 25:18.
[50] As these larvae were for the most part found simply over a considerable time it follows that they are the offspring of different females and represent the relative proportions of the three forms in the general population.
[51] The Lepidoptera of Ceylon, 1880.
[52] From the experience of breeders it would appear that the melanic form is somewhat hardier, at any rate in captivity.
[53] Intermediates may also occur in some strains (cf. Bowater, Journal of Genetics, vol. 3, no. 4, 1914).
[54] An interesting case of a similar nature has recently been published by Hasebroek (Die Umschau, 1913, p. 1020). A melanic form of the moth, Cymatophora or, suddenly appeared near Hamburg in 1904. This new form, to which the name albingensis was given, rapidly became the predominant one. In 1911-1912 over 90% of the moths reared from caterpillars taken in the open were of the albingensis form; nor were any intermediates found between it and the typical form. Some experiments were also made which shew that the albingensis form behaves as a dominant to the original type form.
[55] Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1907.
[56] Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1902.
[57] Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911.