7. A Tunicle.
8. A Dalmatic.
The Regalia in the East seem to have consisted of the Crown and the Shield and Spear. Symeon of Thessalonica (c. 1400) also speaks of a Rod of light wood, and also of the Akakia among the imperial ornaments. The Akakia was a purple bag containing earth which was put into the hand of the Emperor as a reminder of corruptibility, of which the Western Orb is perhaps the descendant[169]. The Crown was shaped like a helmet and partially closed in at the top.
The Western Regalia comprise:
1. The Crown, called still among the Anglo-Saxons Stemma or Galeus, sufficiently shewing the provenance of this ornament. The Roman imperial Crown seems to have been much after the shape of the Eastern Stemma. The English Crown is a fairly narrow band surmounted by a cross.
2. The Sceptre.
3. The Verge or Staff. In France the Staff was a rod of ivory surmounted by an open hand and called the Main de justice.
4. The Orb, which is generally held to be another form of the Sceptre, but is more probably an elaborated form of the Greek Akakia. The Orb was given at first without any form, but in the English use a form has been introduced comparatively lately.
5. The Ring, which was placed on the ‘medicinal,’ or marriage finger.
6. The Sword and Spurs, which perhaps originally belonged to the order for the making of a knight which was early incorporated into the coronation rite. It may be noticed that in the conservative rite of Aragon the Shield and Spear, the arms of the Eastern emperors, still appear among the regal weapons as well as the sword.