| PAGE | |
| CHAPTER I | |
| INTRODUCTION: EARLY ENGLISH VOYAGES TO NORTH AMERICA | |
| Spanish, French, and Dutch colonisation—English colonisation—The Cabotian discoveries—The Cabots' second voyage—The Bull of Alexander VI.—The voyages of John Rut and Master Hore— Newfoundland Fishery—Cabot, Willoughby, and Chancellor—The attraction of the West—The North-West Passage—Martin Frobisher —Sir Humphrey Gilbert—Sir John Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake— Sir Walter Raleigh—The Elizabethan Period | [1] |
| CHAPTER II | |
| VIRGINIA: THE FIRST GREAT COLONY OF THE BRITISH | |
| Character of the men—Raleigh's Virginian colonies—Motives for colonisation—Gosnold and Pring—Richard Hakluyt—Elizabeth and James I.—Formation of the London and Plymouth Companies—The government of the London Company—The Virginian settlers— Foundation of Jamestown—Captain John Smith—The lust for gold —Smith's good work—English interest in Virginia—Sir George Somers and Sir Thomas Gates—Lord Delawarr—Improvements in Virginia—The Princess Pocahontas—Samuel Argall—Sir Thomas Dale—Yeardley and the first Representative Assembly—The Company in danger—The abolition of the Company—A change in the character of Virginian history—Wyatt and Harvey as Governors—A land of peace and plenty—Sir William Berkeley—Trouble with the Indians—Virginia and the Civil War—Berkeley's dislike of education—Arlington and Culpeper—Virginia under Berkeley—Bacon's rising —Sir Herbert Jeffreys—Virginia and the Revolution—Virginia in the eighteenth century—Robert Dinwiddie | [19] |
| CHAPTER III | |
| THE COLONISATION OF MARYLAND AND THE CAROLINAS | |
| The colonisation of Maryland—Lord Baltimore—Leonard Calvert —Quarrel over the Isle of Kent—The Civil War—The Commonwealth—Lord Baltimore restored—A spirit of unrest in Maryland—Francis Nicholson—Irreligion of the colonists—Industry in Maryland—The Carolinas—The foundation of the colony—Its progress—The Fundamental Constitutions—State of anarchy—South Carolina—William Sayle—Joseph West—Amalgamation of the two Carolinas—Danger from French and Spaniards—Queen Anne's War —Indian troubles—The Treaty of Utrecht—The Carolinas become a Crown colony—Interest of Carolina history | [54] |
| CHAPTER IV | |
| THE PURITANS IN PLYMOUTH AND MASSACHUSETTS | |
| Character of New England colonies—The Plymouth Company—The Puritans—William Bradford—The Pilgrim Fathers—The foundation of New Plymouth—Life in the colony—Description of the colony— Development of government—The Civil War—Ineffectual attempts to obtain a charter—The foundation of Massachusetts—Ferdinando Gorges, John White, and John Endecott—A charter granted—John Winthrop—Government of Massachusetts—Puritan intolerance—Roger Williams—Harry Vane, John Wheelwright, and Mrs Anne Hutchinson—Harvard College—The New England Confederacy—Massachusetts and the Home Government—Brutality to Quakers —King Philip's War—Edward Randolph's complaints—The rule of Sir Edmund Andros—The Revolution of 1688—A new charter—Sir William Phipps—The The Earl of Bellomont and Governor Fletcher—Advance of the colony | [76] |
| CHAPTER V | |
| CONNECTICUT; RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATION; NEW HAVEN; MAINE; NEW HAMPSHIRE | |
| Quarrelsome provinces—The foundation of Connecticut—The Pequod War—The Restoration—Sir Edmund Andros—Connecticut's progress—Foundation of Rhode Island and Providence Plantation—Samuel Gorton—Government of the colony—The Royal Commissioners in Rhode Island—James II. and the Revolution—The foundation of New Haven—The regicides in New Haven—The foundation of Maine—Sir Ferdinando Gorges—The Restoration in Maine—Descriptions of Maine—Gorges sells his rights—The foundation of New Hampshire—The greed of Massachusetts—New Hampshire and the Revolution—The necessity of union | [107] |
| CHAPTER VI | |
| THE FIGHT WITH THE DUTCH FOR THEIR SETTLEMENT OF NEW NETHERLANDS | |
| The Dutch Wars—The position of New York—The New Netherlands—Stuyvesant's attack on New Sweden—Nicolls' attack on the New Netherlands—Splendid work of Nicolls—The character of New York—Government of New York and Albany—Francis Lovelace—The Dutch recapture New York—New Jersey—Thomas Dongan—The Leisler Rising—Lack of a Constitution—The Earl of Bellomont and Lord Cornbury—Governors of the early eighteenth century—Lucrative character of governor's post | [128] |
| CHAPTER VII | |
| THE QUAKER SETTLEMENTS AND GEORGIA | |
| The Quakers in America—East and West New Jersey—Delaware —The Jerseys under one governor—The Jerseys united—William Penn—The foundation of Pennsylvania—Philadelphia—Penn's constitution—The Revolution and after—Penn regains proprietorship—Intercolonial disputes—An asylum of rest—John and Thomas Penn—The foundation of Georgia—Oglethorpe's difficulties—John and Charles Wesley—War with Spain—Attack on St. Augustine—Oglethorpe's daring—Quarrels concerning slavery—Oglethorpe's work—Georgia becomes a Crown colony—The coming struggle with France | [146] |
| CHAPTER VIII | |
| THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC HISTORY OF NEW ENGLAND | |
| Population of Puritan colonies—Towns—Wooden houses—Industry and commerce—Minor industries—Shipbuilding—Eighteenth-century commerce—Agriculture—Want of money—The colonial mint—Paper money—Wages and prices—The poor-law—Slavery—Missionary efforts—Religion—Education—Literature—Printing—Means of travel—Curious laws—The character of the settlers | [168] |
| CHAPTER IX | |
| THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE SOUTHERN AND MIDDLE COLONIES | |
| Character of the colonies—Classes in colonial society—Indentured servants—Slavery—White population—Industry and commerce— Money—Education—Literature—Religion—Town life—Conclusion | [187] |
| CHAPTER X | |
| THE FRENCH COLONIES IN NORTH AMERICA | |
| Early French voyages—Jacques Cartier—The Marquis de la Roche—Samuel Champlain—A passage to the East—The Franciscans and Jesuits—The Company of the One Hundred Associates—Character of Champlain—Colbert and colonisation—The Company of the West —System of government—Count Frontenac—Western discoveries—Joliet and Marquette—La Salle—The Mississippi—La Salle's great expedition—His failure—His place in history—The Iroquois—The Treaty of Utrecht | [200] |
| CHAPTER XI | |
| FRENCH AGGRESSION | |
| The colonies were not united—Dongan and Denonville—King William's war—The Albany Conference—Expedition against Quebec—The Abenaki Indians—Incapacity of the colonies—The Treaty of Ryswick—The War of the Spanish Succession—The horrors of Indian warfare—Samuel Vetch—Colonial jealousies—English indifference—The capture of Acadia—Colonial fear of English interference—The English view of the colonials—The Hill-Walker expedition—Walker's cowardice—The character of the expedition—The Treaty of Utrecht—A lost opportunity—Relations between Indians and Canadian Government—The French scheme—Crown Point—The War of the Austrian Succession—Louisburg—Character of forces—The capture of Louisburg—Shirley's plans—The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle | [224] |
| CHAPTER XII | |
| THE CLIMAX: THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN ENGLISH AND FRENCH COLONISTS | |
| The colonial share in the capture of Canada—The internal jealousies of the colonies—French aggression in the Ohio valley—George Washington—Results of the campaign of 1754—Character of General Braddock—Schemes for 1755—Braddock's disaster—The work of Dinwiddie and Johnson—The deportation of the Acadians —The results of the campaign of 1755—The Seven Years' War—The character of the Marquis de Montcalm—Webb, Abercromby, and Loudoun—Unsuccessful attack upon Louisburg—Montcalm at Fort William Henry—The rise of William Pitt—The plan of campaign of 1758—The character of General Wolfe—The capture of Louisburg—Abercromby's disaster at Ticonderoga—The character of Lord Howe—Capture of Forts Frontenac and Duquesne—The campaigns of 1759—Amherst's delay—The siege of Quebec—English despair —The discovery of the path—Death of Wolfe—Wolfe and Montcalm —The climax—The collapse of the French Empire in the West—The rise of a new nation | [254] |
| CHRONOLOGY | [285] |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | [296] |
| INDEX | [299] |
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
| George Washington | Frontispiece | |
| From the painting attributed to Gilbert Stuart in the National Portrait Gallery. | ||
| To face page | ||
| Sir Francis Drake | [14] | |
| From an engraving by J. Honbraken in the British Museum. | ||
| Captain John Smith | [30] | |
| From an engraving in his "Generall Historie of Virginia." | ||
| Map of North America, 1755 | [144] | |
| William Pitt, Lord Chatham | [166] | |
| From the painting by W. Hoare in the National Portait Gallery. | ||
| Quebec from Point Levy in 1761 | [200] | |
| From an engraving by R. Short. | ||
| The Marquis de Montcalm | [246] | |
| From a painting by J. B. Massé. | ||
| General James Wolfe | [270] | |
| From the picture by Schaak in the National Portrait Gallery. | ||
| The Death of Wolfe | [278] | |
| After the painting by B. West. | ||