[179] See Goldziher, Muhammedanische Studien, Part II, p. 295 sqq.
[180] Koran, xvi, 59-61.
[181] Freytag, Arabum Proverbia, vol. i, p. 229.
[182] Koran, xvii, 33. Cf. lxxxi, 8-9 (a description of the Last Judgment): "When the girl buried alive shall be asked for what crime she was killed."
[183] Literally: "And tear the veil from (her, as though she were) flesh on a butcher's board," i.e., defenceless, abandoned to the first-comer.
[184] Ḥamása, 140. Although these verses are not Pre-islamic, and belong in fact to a comparatively late period of Islam, they are sufficiently pagan in feeling to be cited in this connection. The author, Isḥáq b. Khalaf, lived under the Caliph Ma’mún (813-833 a.d.). He survived his adopted daughter—for Umayma was his sister's child—and wrote an elegy on her, which is preserved in the Kámil of al-Mubarrad, p. 715, l. 7 sqq., and has been translated, together with the verses now in question, by Sir Charles Lyall, Ancient Arabian Poetry, p. 26.
[185] Ḥamása, 142. Lyall, op. cit., p. 28.
[186] Ḥamása, 7.
[187] Ḥamása, 321.
[188] See p. 55 sqq.