DURING THE INTERREGNUM

BY

RICHARD BAGWELL, M.A.

HON. LITT.D. (DUBLIN), AUTHOR OF ‘IRELAND UNDER THE TUDORS’

Vol. III. 1660-1690

WITH MAP

LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.
39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON
FOURTH AVENUE & 30th STREET, NEW YORK
BOMBAY, CALCUTTA, AND MADRAS
1916
All rights reserved

[CONTENTS]
OF
THE THIRD VOLUME

CHAPTER XL
THE RESTORATION GOVERNMENT, 1660
PAGE
The Irish Convention[1]
Charles II. proclaimed[3]
Coote and Broghill[4]
The Church re-established[8]
CHAPTER XLI
DECLARATION AND ACT OF SETTLEMENT, 1660-1662
Position of Irish Recusants[11]
The Declaration[13]
Various classes of claimants[14]
First Commission of Claims[16]
The Irish Parliament, May 1661[18]
The Declaration debated[19]
Conditions of Settlement[20]
Insufficiency of land[22]
Ormonde Lord Lieutenant[24]
He arrives in Ireland[27]
The Clanmalier Estate—Portarlington[28]
CHAPTER XLII
COURT OF CLAIMS AND ACT OF EXPLANATION, 1662-1665
The second Court of Claims[30]
Innocents and Nocents[31]
General dissatisfaction[32]
Discontented soldiers[34]
Plot to seize Dublin Castle—Blood[35]
Lord Antrim’s case[39]
‘Murder will out’[42]
Bill of Explanation[43]
Violent debates[49]
The Bill passes[50]
CHAPTER XLIII
ORMONDE AND THE IRISH HIERARCHY
Ormonde’s royalism[51]
Peter Walsh, Orrery, and Bellings[51]
Walsh and the loyal remonstrance[55]
Opposition of Primate O’Reilly[56]
Incompatibility of royal and papal claims[58]
The Congregation meets, June 1666[61]
The Remonstrance rejected[62]
Why the Congregation failed[64]
CHAPTER XLIV
GOVERNMENT OF ORMONDE, 1665-1668
Irish Parliament dissolved[67]
Mutiny at Carrickfergus[68]
Partial exclusion of Irish cattle[69]
The Canary Company[70]
Disputes on the cattle question[72]
Irish cattle excluded and voted a public nuisance[74]
Evil effects of exclusion policy[77]
Ireland retaliates on Scotland[79]
The first Dutch war—coast defence[81]
Fall of Clarendon[84]
Ormonde and Orrery[86]
Recall of Ormonde[87]
CHAPTER XLV
ROBARTES AND BERKELEY, 1669-1672
Lord Robartes made Lord Lieutenant[89]
The Tories[90]
Ossory and Robartes[92]
Character of Robartes[94]
Attempt to impeach Orrery[96]
Lord Berkeley and his Secretary[99]
Recusants indulged—Oliver Plunket[100]
Blood tries to kidnap Ormonde[102]
Attacks on the Act of Settlement[102]
Lady Clanbrassil[104]
The dispensing power[105]
Riots in Dublin—Bloody Bridge[106]
CHAPTER XLVI
GOVERNMENT OF ESSEX, 1672-1677
Essex reaches Ireland[108]
Dublin agitators[110]
Essex protects Phœnix Park[111]
Provincial presidencies suppressed[112]
Intolerance of the English Parliament[113]
Charles II. submits[114]
Agreement of Essex and Ormonde[116]
Financial abuses—Ranelagh[119]
Ormonde restored to favour[121]
And to the Lord Lieutenancy[123]
CHAPTER XLVII
GOVERNMENT OF ORMONDE, 1677-1685
Revenue troubles[125]
Scramble for land[126]
Oates’s plot[127]
Ormonde and Orrery[129]
Intrigues of Shaftesbury[130]
Spies and false witnesses[133]
Trial and execution of Oliver Plunket[134]
Ormonde’s opinion of the witnesses[139]
Castlehaven’s Memoirs[140]
Ormonde and Anglesey[141]
Tories—O’Hanlon and Power[143]
Attack on the Settlement[144]
Court of Grace[145]
Death of Charles II.[147]
CHAPTER XLVIII
CLARENDON AND TYRCONNEL, 1685-1686
Accession of James II.[148]
Purging the army—Tyrconnel[149]
Clarendon made Lord Lieutenant[150]
His journey to Ireland[151]
Tyrconnel goes to London[152]
Irish and French Protestant refugees[153]
Judges dismissed[154]
A new Privy Council[156]
Tyrconnel returns as Commander-in-Chief[157]
Catherine Sedley in Ireland[157]
Drastic changes in the army[158]
Hard cases[159]
Tory Hamilton’s case[160]
Tyrconnel summoned to London[162]
‘Lillibullero’[164]
Clarendon leaves Ireland[165]
CHAPTER XLIX
GOVERNMENT OF TYRCONNEL, 1687-1688
Tyrconnel made Lord Deputy[167]
The Coventry letter[168]
The Land Settlement threatened[169]
Protestant corporations attacked[170]
The Quo Warrantos[172]
Panic among the Protestants[173]
Lord Chancellor Porter dismissed[174]
Succeeded by Fitton[175]
Judges, magistrates, and sheriffs[176]
Rice and Nugent in London[177]
Declaration of Indulgence[178]
Tyrconnel multiplies commissions[179]
Irish soldiers in England[180]
Fresh regiments raised[181]
Death and character of Ormonde[182]
Disturbed state of society—Leinster[184]
Southwell’s case[186]
William’s overtures to Tyrconnel[187]
Panic in Ulster—Lord Mountjoy[188]
Gates of Londonderry shut[190]
Enniskillen and Sligo[191]
Break of Dromore[193]
CHAPTER L
JAMES II. IN IRELAND, 1689
French designs on Ireland—Pointis[195]
Tyrconnel invites James to Ireland[198]
France, Emperor, and Pope[198]
Tyrconnel prepares for war[200]
Attempts at resistance—Bandon[202]
Kenmare[203]
James arrives in Ireland[206]
From Cork to Dublin[208]
Avaux and Melfort[209]
Fighting in Ulster—George Walker[212]
William III. proclaimed at Londonderry[213]
James II. in Ulster[214]
Naval action at Bantry[217]
Confusion in Dublin—John Stevens[218]
CHAPTER LI
THE PARLIAMENT OF 1689
Tyrconnel, MacCarthy, and Sarsfield[219]
The Hamiltons[222]
Composition of Parliament[223]
The King’s speech[224]
The Land Settlement attacked[225]
Act of Settlement repealed[227]
Act of Attainder[228]
Case of Trinity College[231]
Treatment of the clergy[232]
Commercial legislation[233]
Daly’s case—scramble for property[234]
French efforts to capture trade[236]
End of the Parliament[237]
CHAPTER LII
LONDONDERRY AND ENNISKILLEN, 1689
Siege of Londonderry[239]
An English squadron appears[242]
Schomberg orders the town to be relieved[243]
Cruelty of De Rosen—indignation of James[245]
Londonderry relieved by sea[248]
Cost of the siege[250]
Defence of Enniskillen[250]
Colonel Lloyd—the Break of Belleek[252]
Kirke in Lough Swilly—Colonel Wolseley[253]
Battle of Newtown Butler[255]
Walker in England[257]
Controversy as to his ‘True Account’[258]
CHAPTER LIII
JAMES II. AND SCHOMBERG, 1689-1690
Schomberg’s preparations[260]
He reaches Ireland[261]
Carrickfergus taken[263]
Berwick evacuates Newry[264]
Flight of Melfort[265]
Schomberg refuses battle[266]
Military conspiracy[267]
Sufferings of Schomberg’s army—Shales[268]
Sligo taken and retaken[271]
State of Dublin[272]
Lauzun sent to Ireland[273]
French opinion[274]
Brass money[276]
Fighting at Newry, Belturbet, and Cavan[278]
Avaux and Rosen recalled[280]
Lauzun reaches Ireland[281]
Disarming the Protestants[282]
King and Bonnell[283]
Treatment of Trinity College[285]
CHAPTER LIV
WILLIAM III. IN IRELAND, 1690. THE BOYNE
English and French interests[287]
Charlemont taken[288]
Opposition to William’s expedition[289]
He lands in Ireland[290]
James moves to meet him[292]
William reaches the Boyne[293]
Battle of the Boyne, July 1[295]
Flight of James[299]
Political importance of the battle[301]
James escapes to France[304]
William enters Dublin[306]
Final ruin of the Stuart cause[307]
CHAPTER LV
SOCIAL IRELAND FROM RESTORATION TO REVOLUTION
Ireland after the Civil War[309]
Country-houses—Portmore, Charleville, Kilkenny[310]
Dublin Castle[312]
An Irish spa[313]
Condition of the poor[314]
Ploughing by the tail[316]
Some Dublin houses[317]
Prosperity under Charles II.[318]
CHAPTER LVI
THE THREE IRISH CHURCHES
The Establishment[319]
Jeremy Taylor[320]
Bishops ignorant of Irish[321]
Condition of the clergy[322]
The Irish Bible[324]
The Presbyterians[325]
The Roman Catholics[326]
Oliver Plunket[327]
Talbot, O’Molony, and other Bishops[328]
Recusants after James II.[330]
Slow growth of toleration[331]
APPENDIX
Letter from Ormonde to Bennet, 1663[333]
MAP
Ireland to illustrate the reign of James II.[At end of the volume.]