[19] Wars of the Gaedhill with the Gaill, chap. xl.
[20] The quotations are from Burnt Njal, chap. cliii.
[21] Burnt Njal, chap. cliv.
[22] Ibid., chap. clvi. Wars of the Gaedhill with the Gaill, chaps. xcviii. and xcix. Annals of Lough Cé, pp. 7-13.
[23] Burnt Njal, chap. clvi.
[24] Many details about the Hiberno-Norse coins are to be found in Worsaae.
[25] Book of Rights, pp. 225 sqq., and O’Donovan’s preface.
[26] See Hook’s Lives of Lanfranc, Anselm, and Ralph d’Eures. Translations of the letters mentioned in the text may be found in King’s Primer of the Irish Church; most of the originals are printed in Ussher’s Sylloge.
[27] The Irish always called Dublin Ath-cliath, or the Ford of Hurdles.
[28] The great mine of knowledge about the Irish Scandinavians is Todd’s Wars of the Gaedhill with the Gaill, in the Record series. I have also used Dasent’s Story of Burnt Njal, and Anderson’s Orkneyinga Saga. Haliday’s Scandinavian Kingdom of Dublin, edited by Mr. J. P. Prendergast, is a good modern book. Worsaae’s Danes and Norwegians is said to be somewhat fanciful, but it contains information not readily accessible elsewhere.