| CHAPTER XXXVI. |
| REBELLION OF JAMES FITZMAURICE, 1579. |
| | PAGE |
| Papal designs against Ireland | [1] |
| James Fitzmaurice abroad | [3] |
| The last of Thomas Stukeley | [6] |
| Defencelessness of Ireland | [8] |
| Ulster in 1579 | [9] |
| Fitzmaurice invades Ireland | [10] |
| Manifestoes against Elizabeth | [13] |
| Attitude of Desmond | [17] |
| Nicholas Sanders | [17] |
| Murder of Henry Davells | [20] |
| The Geraldines disunited | [22] |
| Death of Fitzmaurice | [23] |
| CHAPTER XXXVII. |
| THE DESMOND REBELLION, 1579-1580. |
| English vacillation | [25] |
| Progress of the rebellion | [26] |
| Last hesitations of Desmond | [28] |
| Desmond proclaimed traitor | [31] |
| Youghal sacked by Desmond | [33] |
| Ormonde’s revenge | [35] |
| The Queen is persuaded to act | [38] |
| Irish warfare | [40] |
| Pelham and Ormonde in Kerry | [42] |
| Maltby in Connaught | [43] |
| State of Munster | [44] |
| Ormonde’s raid | [48] |
| Rebellion of Baltinglas | [51] |
| A Catholic confederacy | [52] |
| Results of Pelham’s policy | [54] |
| Low condition of Desmond | [57] |
| CHAPTER XXXVIII. |
| THE DESMOND WAR—SECOND STAGE, 1580-1581. |
| Arrival of Lord-Deputy Grey | [59] |
| The disaster in Glenmalure | [60] |
| Consequences | [63] |
| Spanish descent in Kerry | [65] |
| Siege and surrender of the Smerwick fort | [72] |
| The massacre | [74] |
| State of Connaught | [79] |
| An empty treasury and storehouses | [79] |
| The Earl of Kildare’s troubles | [80] |
| Confusion in Munster | [83] |
| Raleigh | [85] |
| Ormonde superseded | [87] |
| Death of Sanders | [89] |
| CHAPTER XXXIX. |
| THE DESMOND WAR—FINAL STAGE, 1581-1582. |
| Partial amnesty—William Nugent | [91] |
| Maltby in Connaught | [92] |
| John of Desmond slain | [93] |
| Savage warfare | [96] |
| Recall of Grey | [97] |
| William Nugent’s rebellion | [99] |
| Ormonde is restored | [101] |
| How ill-paid soldiers behaved | [102] |
| Desmond’s cruelty | [103] |
| General famine | [104] |
| Abortive negotiations | [105] |
| The rebels repulsed from Youghal | [107] |
| Ormonde shuts up Desmond in Kerry | [107] |
| Last struggles of Desmond | [108] |
| Ormonde and his detractors | [110] |
| Death of Desmond | [113] |
| The Geraldine legend | [114] |
| CHAPTER XL. |
| GOVERNMENT OF PERROTT, 1583-1584. |
| Case of Archbishop O’Hurley | [116] |
| Spanish help comes too late | [118] |
| Murder of Sir John Shamrock Burke | [119] |
| Trial by combat | [121] |
| First proceedings of Perrott | [122] |
| Sir John Norris and Sir Richard Bingham | [124] |
| The Church | [125] |
| Munster forfeitures | [126] |
| The Ulster Scots | [127] |
| A forest stronghold | [131] |
| Proposed University | [131] |
| Hostility of Perrott and Loftus | [134] |
| State of the four provinces | [135] |
| CHAPTER XLI. |
| GOVERNMENT OF PERROTT, 1585-1588. |
| The MacDonnells in Ulster | [138] |
| Perrott’s Parliament | [140] |
| Composition in Connaught | [147] |
| Perrott’s troubles | [148] |
| The Desmond attainder | [149] |
| The MacDonnells become subjects | [150] |
| Bingham in Connaught | [151] |
| The Scots overthrown in Sligo | [154] |
| Perrott’s enemies | [157] |
| Irish troops in Holland—Sir W. Stanley | [161] |
| The Irish in Spain | [163] |
| Prerogative and revenue | [165] |
| Bingham and Perrott | [166] |
| Perrott leaves Ireland peaceful | [168] |
| The Desmond forfeitures | [169] |
| CHAPTER XLII. |
| THE INVINCIBLE ARMADA. |
| Unprepared state of Ireland | [172] |
| Sufferings of the Spaniards—Recalde | [173] |
| Wrecks in Kerry, Clare, and Mayo | [174] |
| Wrecks in Galway | [176] |
| Alonso de Leyva | [177] |
| Wrecks in Sligo | [180] |
| Adventures of Captain Cuellar | [183] |
| Spanish account of the wild Irish | [185] |
| Summary of Spanish losses | [188] |
| Tyrone and O’Donnell | [190] |
| Wreck in Lough Foyle | [191] |
| Relics and traditions | [192] |
| The Armada a crusade | [193] |
| The last of the Armada | [194] |
| CHAPTER XLIII. |
| ADMINISTRATION OF FITZWILLIAM, 1588-1594. |
| Ulster after the Armada | [196] |
| O’Donnell politics | [197] |
| The Desmond forfeitures—Spenser | [198] |
| Raleigh | [199] |
| Florence MacCarthy | [200] |
| The MacMahons | [201] |
| Bingham in Connaught | [203] |
| O’Connor Sligo’s case | [208] |
| Bingham and his accusers | [210] |
| Sir Brian O’Rourke | [212] |
| Mutiny in Dublin | [217] |
| Tyrone and Tirlogh Luineach | [218] |
| Rival O’Neills | [220] |
| Rival O’Donnells | [221] |
| Hugh Roe O’Donnell | [222] |
| Tyrone and the Bagenals | [223] |
| CHAPTER XLIV. |
| ADMINISTRATION OF FITZWILLIAM, 1592-1594. |
| Escape of Hugh Roe O’Donnell | [226] |
| O’Donnell, Maguire, and Tyrone | [227] |
| Trial and death of Perrott | [228] |
| Spanish intrigues | [233] |
| Fighting in Ulster | [234] |
| Recall of Fitzwilliam | [236] |
| Tyrone’s grievances | [237] |
| Fitzwilliam, Tyrone, and Ormonde | [238] |
| Florence MacCarthy | [240] |
| Remarks on Fitzwilliam’s government | [241] |
| CHAPTER XLV. |
| GOVERNMENT OF RUSSELL, 1594-1597. |
| Russell and Tyrone | [242] |
| Russell relieves Enniskillen | [244] |
| Tyrone generally suspected | [245] |
| The Wicklow Highlanders—Walter Reagh | [246] |
| Feagh MacHugh O’Byrne | [247] |
| Recruiting for Irish service | [248] |
| Soldiers and amateurs | [250] |
| Sir John Norris | [251] |
| The Irish retake Enniskillen | [252] |
| Murder of George Bingham | [253] |
| Tyrone proclaimed traitor | [254] |
| Quarrels of Norris and Russell | [255] |
| Ormonde and Tyrone | [255] |
| Bingham, Tyrone, and Norris | [256] |
| Death of Tirlogh Luineach O’Neill | [258] |
| Tyrone’s dealings with Spain | [258] |
| A truce | [259] |
| O’Donnell overruns Connaught | [260] |
| Liberty of conscience | [261] |
| Confusion in Connaught | [263] |
| Elizabeth on the dispensing power | [264] |
| Norris and Russell | [265] |
| Story of the Spanish letter | [267] |
| Spaniards in Ulster | [268] |
| Bingham in Connaught | [268] |
| Bingham leaves Ireland | [271] |
| Crusade against English Protestants | [272] |
| Disorderly soldiers | [273] |
| Death of Feagh MacHugh | [274] |
| Dissensions between Norris and Russell | [276] |
| Bingham in disgrace | [278] |
| CHAPTER XLVI. |
| GOVERNMENT OF LORD BURGH, 1597. |
| Last acts of Russell | [280] |
| Norris and Burgh | [282] |
| Burgh attacks Tyrone | [283] |
| Failure of Clifford at Ballyshannon | [285] |
| Gallant defence of Blackwater fort | [286] |
| Death of Burgh | [287] |
| Death of Norris | [288] |
| Belfast in 1597 | [289] |
| Disaster at Carrickfergus | [290] |
| Tyrone and Ormonde | [291] |
| Brigandage in Munster | [292] |
| Florence MacCarthy | [293] |
| CHAPTER XLVII. |
| GENERAL RISING UNDER TYRONE, 1598-1599. |
| Bacon and Essex | [294] |
| The Blackwater fort | [295] |
| Battle of the Yellow Ford | [297] |
| Panic in Dublin | [300] |
| The Munster settlement destroyed | [301] |
| The Sugane Earl of Desmond | [302] |
| Spenser, Raleigh, and others | [305] |
| The native gentry and Tyrone | [307] |
| Religious animosity | [308] |
| Weakness of the Government | [309] |
| O’Donnell in Clare | [310] |
| Tyrone in Munster | [311] |
| CHAPTER XLVIII. |
| ESSEX IN IRELAND, 1599. |
| Essex offends the Queen | [313] |
| His ambition | [315] |
| Opinions of Bacon and Wotton | [316] |
| Great expectations | [318] |
| Evil auguries | [320] |
| Sir Arthur Chichester | [321] |
| Essex in Leinster | [323] |
| In Munster | [324] |
| Siege of Cahir | [325] |
| Deaths of Sir Thomas and Sir Henry Norris | [326] |
| Harrington’s defeat in Wicklow | [328] |
| Failure of Essex | [331] |
| Anger of the Queen | [332] |
| Death of Sir Conyers Clifford | [336] |
| Essex goes to Ulster | [339] |
| Essex makes peace with Tyrone | [340] |
| The Queen blames Essex | [342] |
| Who goes home without leave | [343] |
| Harrington’s account of Tyrone | [344] |
| Reception of Essex at court | [346] |
| Negotiations with Tyrone | [347] |
| Folly of Essex | [348] |
| Liberty of conscience | [349] |
| CHAPTER XLIX. |
| GOVERNMENT OF MOUNTJOY, 1600. |
| Raleigh’s advice | [351] |
| Tyrone’s Holy War in Munster | [352] |
| Arrival of Mountjoy and Carew | [353] |
| Tyrone plays the king | [354] |
| Ormonde captured by the O’Mores | [355] |
| Carew in Munster—Florence MacCarthy | [360] |
| Docwra occupies Derry | [361] |
| Carew in Munster | [363] |
| O’Donnell harries Clare | [365] |
| Mountjoy and Essex | [366] |
| James VI. | [368] |
| The Pale | [369] |
| The midland counties | [370] |
| Mountjoy bridles Tyrone | [372] |
| Progress of Docwra | [373] |
| Relief of Derry | [375] |
| Spaniards in Donegal | [376] |
| Carew reduces Munster | [377] |
| The Queen’s Earl of Desmond | [379] |
| The end of the house of Desmond | [384] |
| CHAPTER L. |
| GOVERNMENT OF MOUNTJOY, 1601. |
| Mountjoy and the Queen | [386] |
| Final reduction of Wicklow | [387] |
| Mountjoy and Essex | [388] |
| Confession of Essex—Lady Rich | [389] |
| The last of the Sugane Earl | [391] |
| Mountjoy in Tyrone | [392] |
| Plot to assassinate Tyrone | [393] |
| An Irish stronghold | [394] |
| Brass money | [395] |
| CHAPTER LI. |
| THE SPANIARDS IN MUNSTER, 1601-1602. |
| The Spaniards land at Kinsale | [398] |
| Mountjoy in Munster | [399] |
| The Spaniards come in the Pope’s name | [400] |
| The siege of Kinsale | [401] |
| O’Donnell joins Tyrone | [403] |
| Spanish reinforcements | [404] |
| Irish auxiliaries | [406] |
| Total defeat of Tyrone | [408] |
| Kinsale capitulates | [411] |
| Importance of this siege | [414] |
| Great cost of the war | [415] |
| CHAPTER LII. |
| THE END OF THE REIGN, 1602-1603. |
| The Spaniards still feared | [417] |
| The Queen’s anger against Tyrone | [418] |
| Carew reduces Munster | [419] |
| Siege of Dunboy | [421] |
| Death and character of Hugh Roe O’Donnell | [425] |
| Last struggles in Connaught | [426] |
| Progress of Docwra in Ulster | [427] |
| The O’Neill throne broken up | [428] |
| Last struggles in Munster | [429] |
| O’Sullivan Bere | [430] |
| Submission of Rory O’Donnell | [432] |
| Tyrone sues for mercy | [433] |
| Famine | [434] |
| Tyrone and James VI. | [435] |
| Death of Queen Elizabeth | [437] |
| Submission of Tyrone | [438] |
| Elizabeth’s work in Ireland | [439] |
| CHAPTER LIII. |
| ELIZABETHAN IRELAND. |
| Natural features | [441] |
| Roads and strongholds | [442] |
| Field sports | [444] |
| Agriculture | [445] |
| Cattle | [445] |
| Fish | [447] |
| Trade and manufactures | [447] |
| Wine, ale, and whisky | [448] |
| Descriptions of the people | [450] |
| Tyrone’s soldiers | [451] |
| Costume | [452] |
| Conversion of chiefs into noblemen | [453] |
| Bards and musicians | [454] |
| Tobacco | [455] |
| Garrison life | [456] |
| Spenser and his friends | [457] |
| CHAPTER LIV. |
| THE CHURCH. |
| Elizabeth’s bishops | [459] |
| Forlorn state of the Church | [460] |
| Zeal of the Roman party | [461] |
| Bishop Lyon | [463] |
| Position of Protestants | [464] |
| Papal emissaries | [465] |
| Protestant Primates | [466] |
| Miler Magrath | [468] |
| The country clergy | [469] |
| Trinity College, Dublin | [470] |
| Irish seminaries abroad | [472] |
| Early printers in Ireland | [473] |
| Toleration—Bacon’s ideas | [474] |
| Social forces against the Reformation | [475] |
| INDEX | [477] |