“The general color of the upper surface in this species is a dark umber-brown; but the base of the feathers of the crest is white and the margins of the other occipital feathers are of a light yellowish brown. Some of the scapulars and other alar feathers (especially the latter) are slightly tipped with the same; the tail, which is of a somewhat lighter brown than the back, is tipped with a very narrow edging of white, and is also crossed by seven blackish brown bars, the upper one, however, being somewhat indistinct, and the two lower being separated by an interval which is twice the breadth of the spaces between the other bars. The throat has a broad blackish band running down the center, with two similar and nearly parallel bands proceeding from the corners of the mouth, the three bands all merging in a cluster of dark brown lanceolate marks upon the upper portion of the breast, the intervals between these markings, and also the whole sternal and abdominal regions, being tinged with a yellowish rufous; the under tail-coverts are barred with brown and white, the former bars being much broader than the latter; and the thighs and tarsi are marked throughout their length with narrow, equidistant, transverse bars of the same color. Length, 635; crest, 63; wing, 375; tail, 292; tarsus, 89; middle toe with claw, 76.” (Sharpe.)

A rare species found only in forest. A male from Lubang measures: Length, 610; wing, 390; tail, 250; culmen from base, 38; tarsus, 97.

184. SPIZAËTUS LIMNÆËTUS (Horsfield).
CHANGEABLE HAWK EAGLE.

Calamianes (Bourns & Worcester); Lubang (McGregor); Mindanao (Platen); Mindoro (Everett); Palawan (Whitehead, Platen). Burmese provinces, Malay Peninsula, northeastern Bengal, Greater Sunda Islands, Assam, and the Himalayas.

“Adult.—Above and below deep chocolate-brown, inclining to blackish on the head and back, the quills and tail blackish, the shafts of the latter brownish, the inner webs of the quills clear ashy; tail-feathers below ashy white, brownish toward the tips, the penultimate ones with remains of irregular cross-markings. Cere yellowish; feet pale yellow; iris bright yellow. Length, 635; culmen, 43; wing, 406; tail, 279; tarsus, 104.

“Young (type of species).—Above clear brown, with faint terminal margins of fulvous-brown, the buff-colored bases showing very conspicuously on all the upper parts, but especially distinct on the wing-coverts, which are also broadly margined with buffy white; quills deep brown, the secondaries lighter and more purplish brown, broadly tipped with buffy white, and indistinctly barred with darker brown, plainer on the inner web, especially underneath, where it is ashy white on the primaries and grayish on the secondaries; lower back and rump pale brown, the upper tail-coverts brownish buff; tail brown, tipped with buffy white and crossed with six equidistant bands of darker brown; head and neck whitish buff, the sides of the latter washed with sandy rufous, and mottled with dark brown in the centers of the feathers; under surface of body buffy white, washed with pale fawn-color on the sides of the body and thighs, with a few indistinct spots of the same on the chest; under wing-coverts white, spotted with dark brown, the spots larger on the greater series. Iris brownish. Length, 610; wing, 394; tail (not fully grown), 241; tarsus, 94.

“Another young bird, collected by Mr. Wallace, is rather larger in general bulk than the foregoing example, though having the wing of the same length. It is purer white below, with a shade of dark brown on the lower flanks, and a few distinct oval spots of brown on the breast. The center tail-feather has seven bands of dark brown.

“Nestling.—Covered with snow-white down, the crown of the head inclining to fawn-color, the sprouting feathers blackish brown, the greater wing-coverts tipped with white; the few breast-feathers visible white, with broad blackish cross-bars.” (Sharpe.)