A Manual of Philippine Birds - Richard C. McGregor

a¹. Breast black, without light edges to the feathers.
- b¹. Rump black. javensis (p. [406])
- b². Rump with a white band.
  - c¹. White spot at base of primaries smaller; bill stouter, width at anterior border of nostrils, 14 to 16 mm.; lower mandible dirty ivory-yellow. hargitti (p. [409])
  - c². White spot at base of primaries larger; bill more slender, width at anterior border of nostrils, 12 to 14 mm.; lower mandible blackish. mindorensis (p. [408])
a². Breast, throat, and chin black mixed with white and buff.
- b¹. Light buff or whitish edges of breast-feathers very wide, giving the breast a mottled appearance. pectoralis (p. [407])
- b². Light buff edges of breast-feathers narrow, forming numerous crescentic markings. multilunatus (p. [408])

372. THRIPONAX JAVENSIS (Horsfield).

MALAY BLACK WOODPECKER.

Picus javensis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. (1821), 13, pt. 1, 175.
Thriponax javensis Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1890), 18, 498 (part); Grant, Ibis (1894), 409; Sharpe, Hand-List (1900), 2, 231 (part); McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 66 (part).[44]
Thriponax javensis var. suluensis Blasius, Jour. für Ornith. (1890), 140.

Tul-tu-lan, Benguet.

Bongao (Everett); Cebu (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Luzon (Meyer, Everett, Heriot, Whitehead, McGregor); Mindanao (Koch & Schadenberg, Steere, Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Goodfellow); Sulu (Platen, Bourns & Worcester); Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester, Everett). Malay Peninsula, southern Tenasserim, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Banka.

Adult male.—Nasal tufts black; forehead, crown, occipital crest, and malar stripe bright scarlet; feathers of forehead and crown with white bases; feathers of crest with white bases; remainder of head, chin, throat, breast, and entire upper parts black; feathers of lower back with concealed white or gray bases; a few narrow white stripes on throat and behind ear-coverts; abdomen and flanks pale yellow or buffy white; thighs black, some of the feathers with pale buff edges; under tail-coverts black; wings and tail black; three or four primaries white at base of inner web; secondaries with considerable white on inner webs. Length, about 435; wing, 210; tail, 170; culmen from base, 53; bill from nostril, 41; width of bill at gape, 19; tarsus, 32.

Adult female.—Similar to the male but the forehead, crown, and malar region black, occipital crest alone being red. These sexual differences are found in all the Philippine species of the genus. Wing, 200; tail, 160; culmen from base, 47; bill from nostril, 38; width of bill at gape, 18; tarsus, 31.

Here described from Luzon specimens. An adult male from Trong, lower Siam, differs only in having a slightly larger bill and longer wing.