[43] “Statique Expérimentale et Théorique des Liquides soumis aux seules Forces Moléculaires.” Par J. Plateau, Professeur à l’Université de Gaud.

[44] The “Red Lions” are a club formed by Members of the British Association to meet for relaxation after the graver labours of the day.

[45] “Leonum arida nutrix.”—Horace.

[46] v.r., endless.

[47] “Life of J. C. Maxwell,” p. 394.

[48] “Life of J. C. Maxwell,” p. 404.

[49] In his “Hydrodynamics,” published in 1738, Daniel Bernouilli had discussed the constitution of a gas, and had proved from general considerations that the pressure, if it arose from the impact of a number of moving particles, must be proportional to the square of their velocity. (See “Pogg. Ann.,” Bd. 107, 1859, p. 490.)

[50] The proof is as follows:—

If σ be the specific heat at constant volume, σ′ at constant pressure, and consider a unit of mass of gas at pressure p and volume v, let the volume increase by an amount dv, while the temperature dy.

Thus σ′dT = σdT + pdv