[Particio.] Particion called also [diuision] & [distribucion] rethoricall, is when a thing that mai be generally spokẽ, is more largely declared, and diuided into partes. Example: He is perfitely seene in all the sciences. ¶ This sẽtence spoken as it were in a sũme, may be enlarged, if seuerally you reherse vp al the kindes of learning. There is no kynd of doctrine at al but he is exquisitely sene in it.
There is no science, but he hathe learned it thorowly, and so learned it, that you wolde thynke he had labored onely in it. So maruelouslye he knoweth all the fables of al the Poetes, he so aboundeth in the floures of the Rethoricians: He hath so boulted oute the paynefull rules of the gramarians. So perfitely knoweth he the subtilnesse of the Logicians, and hath so soughte oute the priuities of natural thynges, and ouercome the harde poyntes of supernaturall wisedome: he hathe passed thorowe the secretes of the diuines, and hath thorowlie perceyued the mathematical demõstracions. He so knoweth the mocions of the starres, the reasons of numbers, the measurynges of the earth, the situacions, names & spaces of cities, mountaynes, fluddes, and fountaynes, he so knoweth the difference and harmonies of tunes: He so remẽbreth all hystoryes olde and late: So knoweth all good authors, all antiquities & nouelties, and also is perfitelye well seene as wel in Greke as latyne. Finallye whatsoeuer learnynge hathe bene found and taught of good authors, al that thorowlye hath he perceyued, knowen and remẽbred. Here these wordes, he is perfitelye seene in all the sciences, bee declared in theyr partes.
[Enumeracio.] Enumeracion is much lyke vnto thys, when not beynge contente at once to declare the ende of the matter, we rehearse vp all yt went before it was done. Enumeraciõ of thynges that go before Example: Cicero oppressed the mischeuous purposes of Catiline. Thus maye you set it forth: The myscheuous enterpryses of Catiline by most vngracious yonge men, whych went about the destruccion of the citie of Rome, M Tullius the consull dyd quickelye smell out by hys foresyghte, and by hys singuler vigilancye sought thẽ oute, by his hyghe prudence espyed them, by his incredible eloquence conuinced them, and by hys graue authoritie repressed thẽ, by force of armes subdued them, & with great happines toke them quyte awaye.
Enumeraciõ of the causes. Hitherto also apperteineth, whẽ we expoũd a thyng not barely, but repete the causes also sumwhat before, and of what begynnynges it came of. As if not contente to haue sayd, that the Frenchmen made bataile with the Neapolitans, we rehearse also what wer the causes of theyr stryfe, who was the setter forward, and what was the occasion of the warre, what hope and truste eyther of them had to the victorye.
Of these ar many examples in Saluste & Liuie. Enumeraciõ of effectes, & consequẽtes. From thys differeth not when we do not simplye shewe forthe the matter, but reherse also those thynges that eyther go with it, or folowe it, as thus: We thanke the of thys warre. Thus maye you dilate the matter. The treasure spente vpon the Barbariens, the youthe broken wyth laboures, the corne troden downe, the catel driuen awaye, stretes and vyllages euery where set on fyre, fieldes lefte desolate, walles ouerthrowen, houses robbed, temples spoyled, so many olde men chylderles, so manye orphanes, so manye wyddowes, so many virgins shamefully defiled, ye maners of so many yong mẽ made worse by leude liberty, so many mẽ slayne, so great mourning, so many good artes loste, lawes oppressed, religion blotted, al thynges of god and man confounded, all good order of the citie corrupted: I say all this heape of myschiefs that riseth of war, we mai thãke the only of it, which wast ye beginner of this war
[ Energia]. [Enargia], euidence or perspicuitie called also descripcion rethoricall, is when a thynge is so described that it semeth to the reader or hearer yt he beholdeth it as it were in doyng. Of thys figure ben many kyndes.
The fyrste, called [effiguracion] or [descripcion] of a thynge, whereby the figure and forme of it is set out: as of the vniuersall flud.
The seconde, the descripcion of a personne, when a man is described, as are the noble menne in Plutarch, and the Emperours in Suetonius. Howe be it the rethoricianes vse thys worde [Prosopopeia], that is descripcion of a personne to comprehende the sixe kyndes folowinge.
Charactirismus. The thyrde kinde is called [Charactirismus], that is the efficcion or pycture of the bodye or mynde, as Dauus describeth Crito, & Mitio describeth Demea.
[Prosopographia.] The .iiii. is the fainyng of a persõ called Prosopographia, and is of .ii. sorts. Fyrst ye descripciõ of a fained person, as Vyrgyl in the syxt of Eneid, faineth Sibil to be mad, & fayneth the persons in hell. An other forme is whẽ we fayne persõ, cõmunicacion, or affecte of a man or of a beaste, to a dumme thynge, or that hath no bodye, or to a dead man: as to the Harpies, furies, deuils, slepe hongar, enuie, fame, vertue, iustice, and suche lyke, the poetes fayne a person, and communicacion. This seconde fashion the Poetes do call [Prosopopey]. [Aetopeia.] The fyrst kind is called AEtopeia, that is an expressiõ of maners or mylde affeccions, and hath thre kyndes: of the whych the fyrst is a significacion or expression of maners somewhat longer, as of wittes, artes, vertues, vices. Thus we expresse Thraso a boaster, and Demea a sowre felowe.