Common Pug (Eupithecia vulgata).

This pug varies in colour from pale grey brown through reddish brown to blackish. In some of the lighter coloured specimens, the darker cross lines and the whitish submarginal lines are all well defined; more frequently, perhaps, most of the markings are indistinct or absent, but the small black discal dot and a white spot above the outer angle of the fore wing remain fairly clear. (Plate [97], Figs. 4, 7, ab. subfuscata, Haw.) The caterpillar (Plate [92], Fig. 3) is brownish, inclining to reddish, dotted with white; a series of dirty green marks along the back, and a pale yellow wavy line low down along the sides. It feeds on the leaves of sallow, hawthorn, bramble, bilberry, ragwort, golden-rod and various other plants. There are at least two broods in the year, one in June and July, and the other in the autumn. The moth flies in May and June, and again in August, and is often common, almost everywhere, over the greater part of the British Isles.

The range abroad extends to Eastern Siberia and Amurland.

2 Pl. 98.
1.Lead-coloured Pug.2.Haworth's Pug.
3.Valerian Pug.4.Marsh Pug.
5.Slender Pug.6.Maple Pug.
7.Angle-barred Pug.8.Ash Pug.

2 Pl. 99.
1, 2.Narrow-winged Pug. 3.Brindled Pug. 4.Mottled Pug.
5.Oak-tree Pug. 6, 7.Juniper Pug. 8-10.Double-striped Pug.
11, 12.Cloaked Pug.

Golden-rod Pug (Eupithecia virgaureata).

The fore wings of this obscurely marked species (Plate [97], Fig. 10) are pale greyish brown inclining to ochreous; the discal spot is black, the veins are marked with dark brown and white, and the whitish submarginal line terminates in a white spot above the inner angle.