[19] From the Malabar word Elettári. This is the common seed so well known in the pharmacopeia in the form of a carminative tincture, and is usually known as Alpinia Cardamomia.
[20] With respect to the resemblance if not indeed identity of the vegetation of the Nicobar Archipelago, with that of the surrounding islands, and the mainland, we beg to refer here to the excellent work of an Austrian naturalist, the learned Dr. Helfer, who, stricken in the flower of his days by the poisoned arrow of a native of the Andaman Islands, fell a victim to his zeal for travel. To the Imperial Royal Geographical Society of Vienna, science is indebted for the German edition of this important information, under the title of the Published and Unpublished Works of Dr. J. W. Helfer upon the Tenasserm Provinces, the Mergins Archipelago, and the Andaman Islands, in the third volume of its Proceedings for 1859.
[21] An extensive description of the zoology of these islands is reserved for the zoological part of the Novara publications, published at the expense of the Austrian government, at the Imperial Printing-office in Vienna.
[22] The Tagali maidens of Luzon regard it as a special proof of the honourable intentions and eagerness of passion of their admirers, if these latter take the betel quid from their mouths!
[23] We did fall in with some few individuals on these islands who by dint of much exertion could count as high as 100.
[24] At Pulo Penang the picul of ripe cocoa-nuts, 300, is worth 5 1⁄2 dollars.
[25] "On measurements as a diagnostic means for distinguishing the human races, being a systematic plan established and investigated by Dr. Karl Scherzer and Dr. Edward Schwarz, for the purpose of taking measurements on individuals of different races, during the voyage of H. I. M.'s frigate Novara round the world." Vide Proceedings of the I.R. Geographical Society of Vienna, vol. II. of 1859, p. 11.
[26] In the Sydney chapter the reader will find the Transportation question pretty fully discussed.