[22] We present an official account of the live stock in the settlement at Port Jackson, May 1st, 1788, which forms an interesting contrast with the development of its resources since that period:

To whom belonging. S M C B C Sheep. G H P R T G D F C
taouo ooiaueuoh
arllw aggbrecwi
letls tssbksklc
lsss. s..ieessk
i... . ty...e
o ss n
n .. s
s .
.
Government12-22Ram1120-------
Ewes12
Wethers3
Governor-13-2Ewe1-10-3581722-
Lamb1
Lieut.-Governor------ 117-5649-
Officers & men of the detachment----1- 12101726985525
Staff------11571-2663662
Other individuals------ -1-------
Totals13325 29194925518293512287

At present there are in this colony, 180,000 horses, 2,148,660 cattle, and 109,160 pigs.

[23] The sheep-breeders of the colony competed for the honour of purchasing these valuable animals.

[24] The distance of the various gold-fields from Sydney and the various harbours of the colony is as follows. Western Gold-fields,—Bathurst 110 miles, Sofala 140, Orange 141, Ophir 146, Mudgee 155, Tambaroora 157, Meroo 160, Louisa Creek 176, Tuena 190. Southern,—Goulburn 125, Queanbeyan 182, Braidwood 184, Bill's Creek 190, Araleun 200, Sundagai 244, Cooma 254, Tumut 264, Adelong 273, Albury 286, Obin's River 410, Kiandra or Guoroy River, over Twofold Bay and Bambula, 240 miles. Northern,—Hangus Rock 304, Bingera Creek 365, Rocky River 357, Tamworth 280, Timbarra 67 miles from Clarence River, viâ Grafton, overland. The other gold-fields of the Clarence River District, such as Lubra, Toolam, Emu Creek, Pretty Gully, Sandy Creek, Table Land, Nelson's Creek, &c., are 80 to 100 miles from the river.

[25] The colony of New South Wales consisted at that period of the entire land comprised between Cape York in 11° 37′ S. to South Cape, 43° 30′ S., and as far as 135° E. in the interior to the westward, including all islands adjoining, comprised within those degrees of latitude.

[26] Die Deportation als Strafmittel in alter und neuer Zeit, und die Verbrecher-Colonien der Engländer und Franzosen in ihrer geschichtlichen Entwickelung und criminal-politischen Bedeutung. Dargestellt von Franz v. Holtzendorf, &c. Leipzig, A. Barth. 1859.

[27] The cost of transport of each convict was to be reckoned at £18.

[28] This Archipelago, remarkable by the size and loftiness of its islands, extends from Batoa or South Island in the S.E. (19° 47′ S. by 179° 52′ E.), to Thicombea to the N. (15° 47′ S.), and Biva to the W. (176° 50′ E.), and contains 225 islands and islets, of which about 80 are inhabited. The entire superficial area is about 5700 square miles, and upon a superficial estimate it contains 150,000 souls. The climate seems to be eminently suitable for cotton culture, besides which sugar-cane, coffee, tobacco, arrow-root, and most probably rice and indigo, may be advantageously cultivated. Berchthold Seemann, the well-known botanist, who made a scientific exploration of some of the Feejee Islands at the expense of the English Government in the Autumn of 1860, discovered in the valleys of Naona forests of the sago palm, whose nutritious flour might become an important article of export. Dr. Petermann published in the latter half of 1861, at page 67 of his valuable "particulars of certain important recent discoveries in geography," an interesting synopsis of all the latest scientific information respecting the Feejee Archipelago.