Nearest the Pole / a narrative of the polar expedition of the Peary Arctic Club in the S.S. Roosevelt, 1905-1906

by Robert E. Peary

August 31, 1895, this tribe numbered 253—males 140, females 113

R.E.P.

[6]. Names of males in italic, females in roman.

INDEX

• Abruzzi’s “farthest,” [97]
  • highest, [126]
• Adams, Mt., Bluffs of, [26]
• Ahmah, Merktoshah’s wife, [259]
• Ahngmalokto, [115]
• “Ahnighito,” meteorite brought home, [295]
• Ahsayoo, [323]
• Albert and Polaris, channels navigated, [50]
• Aldrich’s “farthest,” [174], [188], [190]
• Almy boilers, [18]
• Appearance of glacier, see Ice
• Arctic autumn night, [57]
• Arctic, beginning of winter, [47], [48]
  • canons of navigation, [39]
  • Circle, [178]
  • Circle crossed, [19]
  • day, [16]
  • exploration, its main purpose, [295]
  • ice, from Cape Sabine to Grant Land, [30]
  • life at Godhavn, [20]
  • library, [11]
  • maps, [11]
  • perfect summer night, [20]
  • purple flowers, grass, moss, [195]
  • summer, end of, [47]
  • night;
    • surface of Inglefield Gulf;
    • ice;
    • icebergs and glaciers;
    • slopes of the “great ice”;
    • red-brown bluffs, [26]
    • ship, main work of, [362]
    • power of, [364]
    • wood essential in construction of, [365]
  • terns, [226]
  • three degrees beyond Arctic Circle;
    • keen breeze, aspect of water;
    • aspect of cliffs of Disco, [20];
    • “Ultima Thule,” [326]
  • winter, [317]
• Alert, winter quarters of, [49]
• Assizes Harbour, [275]
• Attainment of the Pole, [x]
• Anoritok, [259]
• Aurora, seen while lying at Domino Run, [17]
• Autumn, work of, [299]
• Bache Island, a peninsula, [300]
• Barometer, [18]
• Bartlett, Capt. Robt. A., see personnel of the party under Expedition, [4], [16], [17], [33], [39], [46], [78], [173], [259], [312]
  • his departure for Cape Hecla, [97]
  • Samuel, [4]
  • John, [4]
  • Harry, [4]
  • Moses, mate, see personnel of the party under Expedition, [5]
• Basis of successful national character, [viii]
• Battle Harbour, [275]
• Battle with the ice, lasting 75 days, [259]
• Bay, Allman, [298], [302]
  • Belknap, [57]
  • Bismarck, [332]
  • Buchanan, [34], [336]
  • Carl Ritter, [310]
  • Chateau, [16]
  • Cope’s, [298]
  • Disraeli, [227]
  • Franklin Pierce, [302]
  • Hand, [163]
  • Independence, [332]
  • Jas. Ross, [233]
  • Lady Franklin, [43], [307], [334]
  • Lincoln, [47]
  • McClintock, [186]
  • Maury, [36]
  • Melville, no ice seen in bay, [21]
  • Musk-ox, [311]
  • Newman, [40], [43]
  • North Star, [22]
  • off Milne, [225]
  • Parker Snow, last of the Eskimos landed, [266]
  • Parr, [232]
  • Porter, [56]
  • Princess Marie, filled with ice, [297]
  • sledge trip, [298]
  • reconnoissance of, [300]
  • Rawlings, packed with ice, [36], [304]
  • Richardson, [36], [304]
  • Rowan, [57]
  • Sagdlek, [271]
  • St. Patrick, [311], [334]
  • Sawyer and Woodward, arms of Princess Marie Bay, [300]
  • Scoresby, squeezed into, [36], [302]
  • Shift Rudder, [248]
  • Wrangel, [46]
    • full of slack ice, ship delayed by floe in, [249]
  • Yelverton, [224]
    • full of glaciers, [189]
• Bear, first seen by the Expedition, [258]
  • hunt, [336]
  • Polar, [259]
• Bears, [300]
• Bear Camp, [300]
• Beaumont, [165]
• Bedford Pim Island, [335]
• Belle Isle, graveyard of ships, [16]
• Benedict, E. C., [288]
• Benedict, H. H., [288]
• Bergs, see first appearance, under Ice;
  • see 68° Lat., under Ice;
  • fleet of, see Ice;
  • two, see Ice;
  • at Cape John Barrow, [303];
  • see small berg, under Ice;
  • berg-like, see Ice
• Bright depot of boats, coal and provisions landed, [34]
• Big Lead, [135], [143], [144]
  • ice on northern side, scar of, [142]
  • open water, [143]
• Black Cape, [63], [339]
  • Horn Cliffs, [164]
    • fronted by open water, [322]
• Bliss, Eliphalet W., [288]
• Blue-top floe-bergs, see Ice
• “Bo’sun” bird, [18]
• Bradford, [4]
• Brant, [187], [195]
  • flock of, [208]
  • at Southwest Camp, [215]
• Bridgman, Herbert L., [288], [289], [296], [335], [349]
• Brown children of the ice, [124]
• Buchanan “Strait,” [300]
• Cache, [223], [333]
  • on hummock of old floe, [120]
  • of musk-ox meat, [163]
  • of provisions, [199]
  • deposited at Cape D’Urville, [298]
  • at Cape Sabine, [315]
• Cairn, Alert’s, at Floeberg Beach, [50]
  • record, [55]
  • at summit of 1,600 ft. record deposited, [207]
  • at top of Columbia, [183]
  • built near ice-foot, [210], [219], [240], [329], [332]
  • Lockyer Island, [298]
  • at Cape Morris K. Jesup, [329]
  • Alert’s—Alert’s winter quarters, [339]
• Cairn Point, ship headed for, [257]
• Camp, between enormous hummocks, [111]
  • first, [153]
  • floe, see Ice
  • off Challenger Point, [181]
  • on outer swell of glacier, [224]
• Campaign, preparation for spring, [336]
• Caribou, from Ellesmere Land, [349]–351
• Cape Albert, [34], [337]
  • Albert Edward, [189]
  • Alfred Ernest, [190]
  • Alexandra, [185]
  • Alexander, reached at midnight, [265]
  • Athol, [266]
  • Anguille, on Newfoundland coast, [15]
  • Baird, [307], [250]
  • Beechy, [249]
  • Benêt, [324]
  • Brevoort, [40], [321]
  • Bridgman, latitude of, [328]
  • Bryant, [324], [43]
  • Calhoun, sailed into loose ice, [39]
  • Chalon, [29], [265]
  • Collision, [337]
  • Conger, time spent in homely duties, [338]
  • Cracroft, [307]
  • Creswell, [177]
  • Desfosse, [253]
  • Defosse, [338]
  • Discovery, [186]
  • D’Urville, [36], [297]
  • Dudley Diggs, [266]
  • Dyer, [270]
  • Fanshawe Martin, [187]
    • same Lat. as Hecla, deep snow, [188], [225]
  • Farewell and Chidley, in latitude of, [18]
  • Fraser, [302]
    • dog-food and supplies advanced to, [310], [337]
  • Harrigan, [17]
  • Harrison, tidal current, [298]
  • Hecla, [56], [177], [340]
    • three marches from Sheridan;
    • time spent there;
    • occupation while there, [97]
    • difficulties in reaching, [233]
  • Henry Cliffs, [234]
  • Isabella, [34]
  • John Sparrow, [36]
  • Joseph Goode, [36]
  • Joseph Henry, [57], [63], [234]
  • Lawrence, [304], [306], [336],
  • Lieber to Joe Island, [250]
  • Leopold von Buch, [319], [337]
  • Louis Napoleon, [301]
    • supplies at, [302], [336]
  • Lupton, [39]
  • May, [150]
  • Morris K. Jesup, [147]
  • Nares, [183]
  • Neumeyer, [148]
  • North, young ice on tidal crack, [324]
  • Norton Shaw, [303]
  • Parry, [25], [266]
  • Rawson, [43], [49]
  • Richardson, [339]
  • Ramsay, [325]
  • Carl Ritter, [337]
  • Sabine, densely packed with ice, [34], [335], [337]
  • Sheridan, extremity of, ice packed heavily against point of, [50]
    • to Cape Hecla, [177]
  • Stanton, [324]
  • Summer, [39], [40]
  • Sumner, [321]
  • Union, [40], [166]
  • Wilkes, [36], [304]
  • York, [16], [21], [22], [269]
• Celebration, July 4th, [215]
• Cestus, [369]
• Chart, notes for, [314]
• Channels, Kennedy and Robeson, [36]
• Channel pack, contest with, see ice;
  • very large floes, no leads, [247]
• Channel, Robeson, [166]
• Christmas Day, [87]
• Cirro strata, [133]
• Clark, Chas., fireman, see personnel of the party under Expedition
• Clark, with his Eskimos, [148], [149]
• Clements Markham Inlet, trip into, [63], [178]
  • condition while crossing, [232]
• Cliffs, Disco, visible 95 miles away, [19]
• Clouds, inky, [220]
• Coast, between Wrangel and Lincoln Bays, [249]
• Colgate, Jas. C., [290], [356]
• Columbia, [181]
  • twin peaks of, its ascent begun, [182]
• Commander Peary’s reply to President Roosevelt, [ix]
• Conger, [335]
• Copies of records from cairns, [286]
• Cosmic boundaries, [xi]
• Cracks, closing of, [125]
• Crew and firemen, see personnel of the party under Expedition
• Crossed second glacier, see Ice
• Crozier Island, [340]
• Cumberland Sound, [270]
• Darling, Judge, Asst. Secy. of the Navy, [11], [356]
• Daylight, disappearing, [302]
• Deer, track in the snow, [204]
  • development of dew claws, length of hoofs, [205]
  • numerous in Western Land, [205]–8
  • skins, [227]
• Delta, Boat Camp, [43]
• Diet, preserved eggs and mush, [206]
• Dennis and Mike, [12]
• Disk, sun’s, [55]
• Diana, S.S., despatched to Etah, [315], [316]
• Distant Cape, [250]
• Discovery, S.S., [363]
• Dix, Capt., builder of the Roosevelt, [68]
  • Capt. Chas. B., [280], [356]
• Dogs, deaths of, [79]
  • killed, [132]
  • the gray, [155]
  • number of survivors, [174]
  • their diet changed from pemmican, [205]
  • maimed from ice, [227]
  • the white, [229]
  • twelve left, [309]
  • heard from the shore, [17]
  • additional number purchased, [29]
  • food, sent to Cape Sabine, [317]
• Dobbin Bay, [298]
• Dory, sent to Cape Louis Napoleon, [310]
• Drift Point, [322]
• Domino Run, [16]
  • lying to, letters left, length of stay—fall of the fog, [17]
• Dome Cape, [325]
• Eagle, S.S., used in Arctic exploration of 1886, [6]
• Ellesmere Land, [314]
• Episodes, [36]
• Erik, S.S., [287], [289], [335]
  • getting aboard, [22]
  • alongside the Roosevelt, [29]
  • her arrival at Etah, [29]
  • Harbour, [336]
• Ermack, Russian S.S., [362]
• Eskimo dog, [x]
• Eskimo, settlement, village, [21]
  • families, [93]
  • natives taken on board, [25]
  • dogs and supplies held in readiness, [26]
  • busy at work, [29]
  • prosperity of natives, [30]
  • hunting party sent out, [46], [49]
  • parties sent out for musk-oxen, return from Black Cliffs Bay, making sledges, [56]
  • settlements in the interior, [77]
  • their excitement, [88]
  • most northerly born babe, [93]
  • sent to form cache, [102]
• Eskimos, report of rafted ice, [102]
  • as trailers, [140]–1
  • their temperament, [146]
  • at their meal of musk-oxen, [161]
  • sent into Cape Bryant region, [163]
  • dismissed until homeward voyage, [173]
  • sent overland for skins, [253]
  • physical characteristics, [375]
  • return of, [320], [312], [299]
  • their origin, their inquisitiveness, [375]
  • as imitators, [376]
  • their training, their vocabulary, [379]
  • significance to them of celestial bodies, [380]
  • gauges for time and location, [380]
  • sense of humour, [381]
  • their ingenuity in ornamentation, [381], [382]
  • staple food of, ideas of cleanliness, [386]
  • matrimonial arrangement, as regards morals, [387]
  • their death ceremony, [388]
  • their amusements, [389]
  • their religious beliefs, [389]
  • how useful to the world, [390]
• Etah, rendezvous at, [297], [315]
• Expedition, its objective point, opening scenes of the voyage, starting point, Polaris, [4]
  • the ship, its decks, its quarters, regrets at leaving, [4]
  • personnel of the party, [4]–9
  • notice to members, [9]
  • environment of, [9]–11
  • time of starting, [11]
  • course after leaving Domino Run, [17]
  • southern sub-base, [34]–35
  • preparation for wintering, [59], [60], [61]
  • quartered at Hecla, subsistence, [98]
  • arrival at Etah, [259]
  • United States Lady Franklin Bay records, [312]
  • return to New York, results of, [280], [281]
  • Lady Franklin Bay, [286], [288]
• Explorer, the true, [ix]
• Fielden Peninsula, [177], [339]
• Fire, [15]
• Flags, [135]
• Flipper, square, [250]
• Floes, velocity of, see Ice
  • heavy floes in rapid motion, see Ice
  • big blue, see Ice
  • blue-topped, see Ice
  • blue hummock kind, see Ice
  • 8–10 miles diameter, [258]
  • driven ashore, see Ice
• Floeberg, 20 to 28 feet above the water, see Ice
  • and paleocrystic ice, origin of, [333]
  • birthplace of, [326]
• Flowers at Cape Aldrich, [231]
  • in bloom, [211]
• Fog, [203], [219], dense, [17], [19], [199], [201]
  • feeling way through the straits, [16]
  • on uplands of peninsula, [301]
  • extinguishes trail, [215]
• “Fog eater,” fog bow, [200]
• Fort Conger, [36]
  • door of, [307]
  • site of, [40]
• Fragments of floes, see Ice
• Fram, S.S., [362], [363]
• Fossils in the rocks, [234]
• Foulke Fiord, mouth of, [297]
• Fox, Danish steamship, [22]
• Gale, October 16th, [63]
• Game score, [62]
  • secured, [314]
• Gateway, American, [50]
• Gauss, S.S., [362], [363]
• Getting ready for rough water, [269]
• Gifford Peak, [232]
• Glacier, character of glacial fringe, [189]
  • Tossuketek, [20]
  • Heilprin, [25]
  • Melville, [25]
  • Petowik, [22]
  • Tracy, [26]
  • Snout, see Ice
  • composed of hummock ice, [228]
• Glaciers at head of Sawyer Bay, view from, see Ice
  • true characteristics, see Ice
  • Disco Bay, see Ice
• Glacial fringe, [181]
  • interesting to glacialists, [240]
  • surface of, [191]
  • clay, [200]
• Gravel, appearance of, [204]
  • reached, [215]
• Gray dog, [227]
• “Great day,” in border land of, [18]
• “Great Ice,” see Ice
• “Great Night,” [17]
  • preparation for, [305]
• Greely party (1883), [6]
• Godhavn, Capital of Northern Inspectorate of Greenland; under Cliffs of Disco, [20]
• “Grand Canal,” [345]
• Granite erratic at Cape Aldrich, [231]
• Grant Land, [63]
  • coast of 190,
  • western shore, [202]
• Greenland, [16]
  • Mts., snow-clad summit, [147]
  • shore of, trip given up, [311]
  • caribou, [351]
• Grinnell Land, coast of, [299]
  • shore of unbroken ice, [36]
• Guillemot, Brunnich’s, flying south, [18]
  • in the water, [19]
• Gull, skua, [187], [195]
  • Burgomaster, [196]
• Hall Basin, western portion packed with ice, [39]
• Hamilton Fish Peak, [234]
• Harbour, Battle, [16]
  • outside of, [12]
  • Discovery, [250], [307];
    • winter quarters of Discovery, [40]
  • Payer, [337]
  • Repulse, [43], [165]
  • Thank God, winter quarters of Hall’s Polaris, [40]
• Hayes, [4]
  • Point, [35], [334]
  • halt south of, [319]
• Hecla, [178]
• Hebron, Labrador coast, [271]
• Henson, Matthew, personal attendant of Com. Peary, see personnel of the party, under Expedition
  • beside closed lead, [131]
  • departure from Cape Hecla, [98]
  • Henson’s farthest, [302]
  • his report, [311]
  • sent to Etah, [313]
  • and Capt. Bartlett, their records, [112]
• Herbert and Northumberland Islands, [266]
• Highways, beyond the world’s, [18]
• Holsteinburg, [19]
• Hope, [296]
  • ship used in Arctic exploration in 1898, [6]
  • Sanderson’s, named by John Davis, [21]
• Hopedale, [272]
• Hospital, Bellevue, [6]
  • St. Vincent’s, [6]
• Hudson Bay, [4]
  • River, [119], [120], [125], [127]
  • Strait, chop sea, [271]
• Housing of the personnel, [369]
• Ice, a chaos, [142]
  • active glacier west of Cape Fanshawe Martin, [226]
  • against the coast at Domino Run, [17]
  • along the Grinnell coast, [43]
  • ancient ice encountered, [34]
  • appearance of glacier, [188]
  • berg-like pieces, [131]
  • big hummock, [166]
  • blue-topped floe-bergs, [326]
  • camp floe, [123]
  • channel pack, [39]
  • character of, [133]
  • commotion continuous, [93]
  • completely flooded, [210]
  • contest with channel pack, [44]
  • crossed second glacier, [326]
  • culmination of its movement, [74]
  • Disco Bay glaciers, [19]
  • East Coast, [19]
  • edge of ice-foot chopped away, [55]
  • features of the glacial fringe, [181]
  • field of beautiful icebergs, [16]
  • first appearance of bergs, [16]
  • fleet of bergs, [20]
  • “floeberg,” 20 to 28 ft. above water, [226]
  • floes, blue hummock kind encountered in March, [124]
  • floe driven ashore, [307]
  • one hundred feet in height, [331]
  • glacial fringe, characteristic of, [189]
  • glaciers at head of Buchanan Bay, [300]
  • glacier at head of Sawyer Bay, [314]
  • glaciers, two, true characteristics, [191]
  • “Great Ice,” [26]
  • heavy floes in rapid motion, [49]
  • heavy pack, [35]
  • Heilprin glacier, [25]
  • homogeneous ice, [109]
  • cap, [129]
  • foot, north of Cape Union, [167]
  • foot, [39], [301]
  • in Nansen’s Strait, [203]
  • its aspect along Grinnell Land, [36]
  • its aspect, young ice, [117]
  • its aspect, [123], [220]
  • its condition, [342]
  • its horrible conglomeration, [146]
  • its separation from the ice-foot, [88]
  • journey in darkness, [307]
  • large floes, [34], [297]
  • large fields moving southward, [36]
  • loose, [265]
  • Melville glacier, [25]
  • middle pack, [270]
  • narrow shaves from icebergs, [17]
  • north of Cape Washington, [326]
  • off Cape Albert, [297]
  • old floes passed, [131]
  • pack surging down Smith
  • Sound, [33]
  • peculiar formations of, [187]
  • Petowik glacier, [22]
  • Polar pack, [101]
  • pressed harder with the flood-tide, [55]
  • rough, [301]
  • rubble, [117]
  • rubble ice as nets, [124]
  • rubble ice half congealed, [143]
  • sea ice, [187], [301]
  • shifting, [47]
  • small berg, [18]
  • solid edge of, [265]
  • surging of the pack, [93]
  • thickness of young ice, [298]
  • through rafters and rubble, [124]
  • Tossuketek glacier, [20]
  • Tracy glacier, [26]
  • trail over young ice, [102]
  • trash ice, [63]
  • traversed in March, [201]
  • traversed fragments of old floes, [327]
  • trouble with, [36]
  • twenty-seven bergs in 68° Lat., [19]
  • two bergs, [18]
  • two big blue floes, [44]
  • velocity of floes, [47]
  • ice window (in igloo), [105]
  • winter’s ice still intact, [40]
  • young ice across the lead, [144]
  • young ice, [265], [266]
    • (formed), [298]
• Ice-bergs, see Narrow shaves from, under Ice; also see Field of, under Ice
  • ice boats, [359]
  • ice-cap, [129]
  • ice-foot, [39], [301]
    • edge of, [55]
• Ice-foot, [306], [320], [340], [341]
  • Alpine in character, [303]
  • a broad deep lake, [239]
  • a trail along, [322]
  • found by Egerton, Rawson and Parry, [339]
  • hewing road along, [322]
  • reaching from (reaching low-sloping “spit”), [224]
• Igloos, [303], [319], [382]
  • abreast of Cape Albert, [337]
  • at Hecla, [101]
  • built of floe, [105]
  • building of, [125]
  • “Christmas,” [36]
  • Henson’s, [123]
  • first, [102]
  • Henson’s igloo shattered, [125]
  • snow, [306]
• Igludiahni, [29]
• Inaloo, [384]
• Independence Bay, [161]
• Inlet, Clements Markham, [56]
• Intermediate Point, difficulties encountered, [214]
• Inueto, [101]
• Island, Bache, [299]
  • Beaumont, [154]
  • Bellot, [307]
  • Britannia, [150]
  • Crozier, [39], [233]
  • Duck, (whaler’s lookout on summit), [21]
  • Eagle, [6]
  • Ellison, [150]
  • Franklin, [39]
  • Hare, [20]
  • Harvard, [26]
  • Herbert, [26]
  • Josephine Peary, [26]
  • Joe, [39]
  • Littleton, [33]
  • Meteorite (Eskimo taken aboard), [21], [22]
  • Norman Lockyer, [298]
  • Red, (passed afternoon of second day out), [15]
  • Saunders (bird cliffs), [25]
  • Stephenson, [161]
  • Sukkertoppen, [19]
  • Ward Hunt, [184]
  • Williams, [174], [235]
• Ittibloo, [25]
• Jesup, Morris K., [288], [355]
  • Founder of the Expedition, [11]
  • President of the Peary Arctic Club, [282]
• Jesup Land, [189]
  • attainment of, [203]
• Journey, down Baffin’s Bay, [270]
• July 30th, reached the S.S. Roosevelt, [240]
• Kamiks, [240], [308]
• Kangerdlooksoah, [25], [317]
  • deep pastures of, [26]
• Kane Basin filled with Polar pack, [297]
• Karnah, [29]
  • six tents located here, [25]
• Kayak, [388]
• Kennedy Channel, [306]
• Kittiwakes, [19]
• Kolguev, [208]
• Kookan, landing of Eskimos, [265]
• Kooletah (deerskin coat), [154]
• Koolootingwah and Ooblooyah sent to reconnoitre, [196]
• Kyo, Anangabok (medicine man), [383]
  • with hunting party, [383]
• Labrador, on the coast of, [16]
• Lake, a deep blue, [223]
  • Hazen, [56]
• Lamps, in commission, [63]
• Large floe, see Ice
• Latitude from noon sights, [19], [21]
  • reached, [134]
• Lead, [126], [343]
  • across Robeson Channel, [40]
  • crossed on young ice, [145]
  • eleven, [131]
  • fifty feet wide, [132]
  • its closing (the “Hudson River”), [118]
  • its extent, [97]
  • young ice cut by, [146]
• Leaving last camp, [211], [212]
• Lemming burrows, [199]
  • fauna of Jesup Land, [210]
• Library, [9]
• Lieber, Cape, [320]
• Lincoln Bay, [334]
• Line of demarcation, [225]
• Lockwood’s record, [330]
• Malone, Murtaugh J., asst. engineer, see personnel of the party under Expedition, [5]
• Mary Murray Island, [325]
• Marvin, Ross G., secy. and asst., see personnel of the party under Expedition, [6]
• Marvin, [62], [78], [97], [173]
  • his report of musk-oxen, [93]
  • his return with the Eskimos, [93]
  • his report of the Roosevelt, [235]
  • his westward compass, [236]
• March, distance covered, [200]
  • from S. W. Camp, [213], [214]
  • plan of, [153]
  • the first, [131]
  • the last outward, [139]
• Mascart Inlet, [148]
• Medical College (Cornell University), [6]
• Meigs Fiord, [325]
• Melville Bay, [4], [362]
• Moons (winter), duration, [77]
• Moraine material, camp on, [219]
• Mount, Camel, [178]
  • Cheops, [63]
  • Daly (red-brown bluffs of), [26]
  • Saddle, [178]
  • Streaked, [178]
  • Twin, [178]
  • Wistar, [328]
• Mountains, Greenland, [19]
• Musk-oxen, [35], [60], [142], [181], [300]
  • cows, [182]
  • killing of, [154], [333]
  • tracks in the snow, [204]
  • twenty-one killed, [320]
• Murphy, John, boatswain, see personnel of the party under Expedition, [5]
• Mystery of the North, [xi]
• Nain, [272]
• Nansen, [126]
  • Nansen’s Strait, [202]
• Nordenskjold Inlet, [324]
• Nares Land, [150]
• Narksami, [266]
• Narwhal, [250]
  • school of, [43]
• National Geographic Society, [vii]
  • Hubbard Medal of, [vii]
• Natives, property of, see Eskimos
  • report of Melville Bay, [269]
  • taken on board, see Eskimos
• Navy Department, leave of absence granted Com. Peary, [295]
• Neptune, Canadian Government Steamer, [4]
• Newfoundland, ice, pilots, [5]
• Newman Bay, [321]
• New land, [195]
• Nicaragua, [6]
• North Coast Mts., [330]
• North Pole, value of attainment, [x]
• Norwegians, [359]
  • and Americans, [360]
• Nungwoodie, the gray dog, [228]
• Observatory Pinnacle, [118]
• Observation Camp, [214]
  • with sextant and transit, [117]
• Old floes, see ice
• Omens, of the ship’s position, [74]
• Onkilon, Siberian tribe, [375]
• Ooming-muksue (musk-oxen), [154]
• Oomunui, [266]
• Oatah, [141]
• Open leads, region of, [132]
• Open water, [92], [331], [342]
  • see “big lead,” [143]
  • alongside of the ice-foot, [181]
  • in shape of leads and lakes, [74]
  • its extent, [97]
• Orography of the glacial fringe, [231]
• Outward track, impracticable, [210]
• “Paleocrystic” floes, [228]
• Panama, Stars and Stripes planted, [xi]
• Panikpah, [145]
• Panther, [4]
• Payer Harbour, [335], [337]
• Pemmican, [78], [186]
  • supply exhausted, [227]
• Peninsula, Bache, [34]
• Percy, Chas., steward, see personnel of the party under Expedition
• Peary Arctic Club, [ix], [282]
  • contributors to, [290]
  • founders of, [288]
  • history of, [285]
  • incorporators of, [289]
  • its officers, [286]
  • its charter, [288]
  • object of, [285]
  • organisation of, [286]
• Personnel of the party on return, [276], [279]
• Petersen, Danish interpreter, [55]
• Piblocto, [384]
• Plan accomplished, [182]
• Point Armour Light, [16]
• Point Moss, [178]
  • 20 miles west of Cape Hecla, [97]
• Polar, ocean, [x]
  • middle pack, [20]
  • Polar pack, [331], [340]
    • contest with, [341], [342]
  • gateway to the Polar sea, [63]
  • mystery, [ix], [17]
  • Sea, [4], [102], [332]
• Polaris, left by Hall’s party, [43]
  • boat camp, [321]
• Poppies, at Cape Aldrich, [231]
• Potentilla, growing at Cape Aldrich, [231]
• Pot Rocks, coast of Labrador, [271]
• Pressure ridges, [129], [143]
• Primus stoves, [215]
• Programme, for spring work, [318]
• Ptarmigan, [196]
• Pumice and slag, [213]
• Rafters and rubble, see Ice, of Alpine character, [144]
• Rainbow Hill, [185]
• Rangifer Pearyi, [351]
  • Grænlandicus, [351]
• Range, United States, [56], [63]
• Reconnoissance, along the ice-foot, [298]
  • from Cape Frederick VIII, [249]
  • for spring route, [62]
• Record, in cairn, [329]
  • in North cairn, [329]
• Records, at Cape D’Urville, [318]
• Reindeer, found on Fielden Peninsula, [57]
• Report, to Peary Arctic Club, [295]
• River, Ruggles, [77]
  • Shelter, south of Cape Union, [48]
• Roosevelt, S.S., a crucial moment, [58], [59];
  • arrival in New York, [289];
  • as a sea boat, [280]
  • a splendid ice-fighter, [45]
  • at Etah, [29]
  • beginning her fight with ice, [33]
  • capacity, [11]
  • channels navigated as far as Cape Sheridan, [50]
  • construction and launching, [289]
  • christened by Mrs. Peary, [370]
  • departed from Etah, [260]
  • desperate fight with the big floes, battle won by brute force, [44], [45]
  • departure for North, [289]
  • features of her model, [363]
  • forced ashore by large floes, [47]
  • forced ashore a second time, [48]
  • forcing way through dense barrier of ice, [49]
  • forced on to heavy floe, [250]
  • furnishings of her rooms, [9], [10], [11]
  • general construction, [366]–369
  • goes direct to Etah, [25]
  • heading for Thank God Harbour, [249]
  • headed for Cape Isabella, [265]
  • held up by the ice, [249], [257]
  • her decks on leaving North Sydney, [11]
  • her cargo, [11]
  • her cargo on leaving Etah, [30]
  • her detour to the east, [34]
  • her struggle with the ice north of C. Lupton, [40]
  • her crucial time, [247]
  • her moorings, [275]
  • impending peril, [91]
  • imprisoned among heavy floes, [257]
  • official measurements, [370]
  • on board after backward journey, [167], [168]
  • propeller loose, [258]
  • race with incoming pack, [50]
  • readings of the log, [15]
  • ready for fight with Arctic Sea, [30]
  • repaired at Etah, [260]
  • restowed her supplies, [30]
  • return to Sydney, [276]
  • severing connection with the civilised world, [33]
  • sight at Cape Rawson, [167]
  • size, [361]
  • special features of, [370], [372]
  • travelling under difficulties, [248]
• Roosevelt, President, etching of, [11]
• Ross Bay, [335]
• Routes, two feasible, [306]
• Rubble ice, see Ice
• Sabine, Cape, [5]
• St. George, Cape, [15] fiord, [162]
• St. Mary’s school ship, [6]
• St. Paul’s Light, [12]
• Sandpiper, [187], [189]
• Saunders Island, [266]
• Scotch, [359]
• Scotchmen, [360]
• Sea, [18]
  • East Greenland, [148]
  • ice, [203]
    • attempt to sledge over, [298]
• Seal, [133], [189]
  • near ice-foot, [215]
  • seen on ice, [228]
  • six, [259]
• September 5th, a memorable day, [49]
• Sextant, [286]
• Shelter River, mooring of the Roosevelt, [236]
• Sheridan Point, [57]
• Sherard Osborn fiord, [162]
• Ship, for Arctic and Antarctic navigation, [359]
  • held by ice, [249]
  • motion of, [19]
• Sinnipahs, [382]
• Sipsu, [125]
  • dog killed, [230]
• Sipsu and his wife, [248]
• Sir Clements Markham, President of the Royal Geographical Society, [375]
• Sledges, carried on backs of the party, [304]
  • repaired and strengthened, [125], [207], [305], [318]
  • journey for spring, [77], [78]
• Smith Sound, [260], [364]
• Snow, [47], [178], [181], [188], [269], [299]
  • blindness, [140]
  • bunting, [199]
  • snowshoeing, [185], [186], [203], [208]
  • snowy owl, [199]
• Society, Seamen’s Friend, [9]
• Sound, Whale, [25]
  • Wolstenholm, [25]
• Soundings, [259], [265]
• “Spits,” [188]
• Spring, campaign, [299]
• Squalls, [207]
• Steamers, two, [16]
• Storm Camp, [130], [140]
• Stoves, [62]
• Strait, Cabot, [12]
  • Davis, [16]
• Streams, two negotiated, [228]
• Summits, snow-clad of distant land, [207]
• Sun, [63], [109]
• Sverdrup’s “farthest,” [174]
• Sverdrup, [210]
• Swells, rolling, [185]
• Sydney, [20]
• Talus, [178]
• Temperature, [112], [220], [298], [299], [304], [309], [322]
• Tidal crack, [214]
• Tides, [125]
• Tigress, [4]
• Thermometer, [112]
• Trail, [123]
• Transit, [208]
• Tree, [148]
• Trevor-Battye, [208]
• Tumulus, [220]
• Tupiks, [382]
• Twilight, [93]
  • arc, [101]
• Twin Peaks of Columbia, [230]
• Very River, [333]
• Victoria Head, [34]
• Victoria Inlet, [154]
• View, from Lookout Hill, from bluffs, [211]
  • of peaks from Cape Alfred Ernest, [224]
  • from Cape Hawkes, [298]
• View Point, [177], [234], [339]
• Waigatt, [20]
• Walrus, first appearance of, [20]
  • grounds, [26]
  • out to the grounds, [29]
  • number secured, [265], [266]
  • in Buchanan Bay region, [300]
• Wardwell, Geo. A., chief engineer, see personnel of the party under Expedition, [5]
  • his report, [18]
• Water, [58]
• Water sky, [339]
• Water-smoke, [105]
• Weather, [12], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [29], [47], [48], [55], [56], [91], [98], [105], [106], [110], [114], [118], [123], [125], [126], [129], [132], [139], [141], [183], [192], [195], [201], [209], [215], [219], [223], [247], [257], [266], [305], [319], [322], [341], [342]
• Western trip, [174], [240]
• Whales (two), first appearance of, [20]
• Whale Sound glaciers, [189]
• Whaling Station, [275]
• Windward, S. S., [4], [35], [286], [296], [315], [316], [334], [349]
• Winds, [62], [91]
• Winter, [73], [74], [93], [299]
  • Arctic, atmospheric conditions, [73]
• Wolfe, Dr. Louie J., surgeon, see personnel of the party under Expedition, [78], [97], [173]
• Work accomplished, [315], [317]
• Zone of high ridges of rubble ice, [343]

THE NORTH POLAR REGIONS

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES