Meteorology.—Regular hourly observations of the thermometer and barometer were carried on day and night by the tide observers.
A brief résumé of the results obtained is given below, together with a few taken from the Report of the Proceedings of the U. S. Expedition to Lady Franklin Bay by Lieutenant (now General) A. W. Greely.
Temperatures
| Cape Sheridan | Fort Conger[7] | |||
| Maximum | Minimum | center | Mean | |
| ° | ° | ° | ° | |
| November 14-30 | - 7 | -39 | -23.96 | |
| December, 1908 | - 5 | -53 | -29.22 | -28.10 |
| January, 1909 | - 6 | -49 | -30.61 | -38.24 |
| February, 1909 | - 7 | -49 | -31.71 | -40.13 |
| March, 1909 | +13 | -52 | -20.87 | -28.10 |
| April, 1909 | +13 | -37 | -15.63 | -13.55 |
| May, 1909 | +46 | -15 | +18.00 | +14.08 |
| June, 1909 | +52 | +15 | +31.51 | +32.65 |
| November 17-December 18, 1908 | - 7 | -39 | -25.75 | |
| January 16-February 12, 1909 | -21 | -48 | -35.48 | |
| May 17-May 22, 1909 | +37 | +12 | +22.97 | |
| June 11-June 25, 1909 | +50 | +25 | +34.17 | |
Temperatures
| Station | Date | Maximum | Minimum | Mean |
| ° | ° | ° | ||
| Point Aldrich near Cape Columbia | Nov. 17-Dec. 13, 1908 | -14 | -46 | -31.96 |
| Cape Bryant | Jan. 16-Feb. 12, 1909 | -12 | -55 | -36.68 |
| Cape Morris Jesup | May 17-May 22, 1909 | +35 | +16 | +27.92 |
| Fort Conger | June 11-June 25, 1909 | +54 | +28 | +34.44 |
| Fort Conger[7] | June 11-June 25, 1882 | +44.4 | +26.7 | +34.883 |
| Fort Conger[8] | June 11-June 25, 1883 | +39.6 | +26.4 | +33.393 |
From these values we see that from November 17 to December 13, 1908, the average temperature at Point Aldrich was 6.21 degrees lower than the temperature at Cape Sheridan for the same period; that from January 16 to February 12, 1909, the average temperature at Cape Bryant was 1.20 degrees lower than that at Cape Sheridan; that from May 17 to May 22, 1909, the average temperature at Cape Morris Jesup was 4.95 degrees higher than that at Cape Sheridan; and that from June 11 to June 25, 1909, the average temperature at Fort Conger was practically the same as that at Cape Sheridan during this period.
Barometer Readings (Uncorrected)
| Station | Date | Maximum | Minimum | Mean | Mean |
| ° | ° | ° | ° Fort Conger[9] | ||
| Cape Sheridan | Nov. 13-30, 1908 | 30.42 | 28.96 | 29.899 | |
| Dec., 1908 | 30.27 | 29.28 | 29.749 | 29.922 | |
| Jan., 1909 | 30.42 | 29.18 | 29.752 | 29.796 | |
| Feb., 1909 | 30.59 | 29.03 | 29.772 | 29.672 | |
| March, 1909 | 30.89 | 29.69 | 30.282 | 29.893 | |
| April, 1909 | 30.58 | 29.20 | 29.991 | 30.099 | |
| May, 1909 | 30.60 | 29.39 | 30.105 | 30.066 | |
| June, 1909 | 30.21 | 29.37 | 29.804 | 29.878 | |
| Nov. 17-Dec. 13, 1908 | 30.42 | 29.26 | 29.866 | ||
| Jan. 16-Feb. 4, 1909 | 30.40 | 29.18 | 29.691 | ||
| May 14-May 22, 1909 | 30.52 | 30.04 | 30.304 | ||
| June 11-June 25, 1909 | 30.10 | 29.47 | 29.834 | ||
| Point Aldrich | Nov. 17-Dec. 13, 1908 | 30.51 | 29.35 | 29.998 | |
| Cape Bryant | Jan. 16-Feb. 4, 1909 | 30.10 | 29.83 | 29.976 | |
| Cape Morris Jesup | May 14-May 22, 1909 | 30.70 | 30.24 | 30.469 | |
| Fort Conger | June 11-June 25, 1909 | 30.19 | 29.74 | 30.013 | |
| Fort Conger[10] | June 11-June 25, 1882 | 30.129 | 29.416 | 29.817 | |
| Fort Conger[10] | June 11-June 25, 1883 | 30.218 | 29.590 | 29.949 |
The above tabulation shows that during the month the average fluctuation of the barometer at Cape Sheridan amounts to 1.2 inches, being greatest in February and least in June.