D. Appleton & Co.; G. Bell & Sons; J. F. Bergmann; Columbia University Press; George H. Doran Co.; Duncker und Humblot; Duffield & Co.; Encyclopedia Americana Corporation; M. Giard et Cie; Ginn & Co.; Harcourt, Brace & Co.; Paul B. Hoeber; Houghton Mifflin Co.; Henry Holt & Co.; B. W. Huebsch; P. S. King & Son; T. W. Laurie, Ltd.; Longmans, Green & Co.; John W. Luce & Co.; The Macmillan Co.; A. C. McClurg & Co.; Methuen & Co.; John Murray; Martinus Nijhoff; Open Court Publishing Co.; Oxford University Press; G. P. Putnam's Sons; Rütten und Loening; Charles Scribner's Sons; Frederick A. Stokes & Co.; W. Thacker & Co.; University of Chicago Press; University Tutorial Press, Ltd.; Wagnerische Univ. Buchhandlung; Walter Scott Publishing Co.; Williams & Norgate; Yale University Press; American Association for International Conciliation; American Economic Association; American Sociological Society; Carnegie Institution of Washington; American Journal of Psychology; American Journal of Sociology; Cornhill Magazine; International Journal of Ethics; Journal of Abnormal Psychology; Journal of Delinquency; Nature; Pedagogical Seminary; Popular Science Monthly; Religious Education; Scientific Monthly; Sociological Review; World's Work; Yale Review.

Chicago
June 18, 1921

FOOTNOTES:

[1] See Source Book for Social Origins. Ethnological materials, psychological standpoint, classified and annotated bibliographies for the interpretation of savage society (Chicago, 1909).

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter I. Sociology and the Social Sciences
PAGE
I. Sociology and "Scientific" History [1]
II. Historical and Sociological Facts [6]
III. Human Nature and Law [12]
IV. History, Natural History, and Sociology [16]
V. The Social Organism: Humanity or Leviathan? [24]
VI. Social Control and Schools of Thought [27]
VII. Social Control and the Collective Mind [36]
VIII. Sociology and Social Research [43]
Representative Works in Systematic Sociology and Methods of Sociological Research [57]
Topics for Written Themes [60]
Questions for Discussion [60]
Chapter II. Human Nature
I. Introduction
1. Human Interest in Human Nature [64]
2. Definition of Human Nature [65]
3. Classification of the Materials [68]
II. Materials
A. The Original Nature of Man
1. Original Nature Defined. Edward L. Thorndike [73]
2. Inventory of Original Tendencies. Edward L. Thorndike [75]
3. Man Not Born Human. Robert E. Park [76]
4. The Natural Man. Milicent W. Shinn [82]
5. Sex Differences. Albert Moll [85]
6. Racial Differences. C. S. Myers [89]
7. Individual Differences. Edward L. Thorndike [92]
B. Human Nature and Social Life
1. Human Nature and Its Remaking. W. E. Hocking [95]
2. Human Nature, Folkways, and the Mores. William G. Sumner [97]
3. Habit and Custom, the Individual and the General Will. Ferdinand Tönnies [100]
4. The Law, Conscience, and the General Will. Viscount Haldane [102]
C. Personality and the Social Self
1. The Organism as Personality. Th. Ribot [108]
2. Personality as a Complex. Morton Prince [110]
3. The Self as the Individual's Conception of His Rôle. Alfred Binet [113]
4. The Natural Person versus the Social and Conventional Self. L. G. Winston [117]
5. The Divided Self and Moral Consciousness. William James [119]
6. Personality of Individuals and of Peoples. W. v. Bechterew [123]
D. Biological and Social Heredity
1. Nature and Nurture. J. Arthur Thomson [126]
2. Inheritance of Original Nature. C. B. Davenport [128]
3. Inheritance of Acquired Nature: Tradition. Albert G. Keller [134]
4. Temperament, Tradition, and Nationality. Robert E. Park [135]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Conceptions of Human Nature Implicit in Religious and Political Doctrines [139]
2. Literature and the Science of Human Nature [141]
3. Research in the Field of Original Nature [143]
4. The Investigation of Human Personality [143]
5. The Measurement of Individual Differences [145]
Selected Bibliography [147]
Topics for Written Themes [154]
Questions for Discussion [155]
Chapter III. Society and the Group
I. Introduction
1. Society, the Community, and the Group [159]
2. Classification of the Materials [162]
II. Materials
A. Society and Symbiosis
1. Definition of Society. Alfred Espinas [165]
2. Symbiosis (literally "living together"). William M. Wheeler [167]
3. The Taming and the Domestication of Animals. P. Chalmers Mitchell [170]
B. Plant Communities and Animal Societies
1. Plant Communities. Eugenius Warming [173]
2. Ant Society. William E. Wheeler [180]
C. Human Society
1. Social Life. John Dewey [182]
2. Behavior and Conduct. Robert E. Park [185]
3. Instinct and Character. L. T. Hobhouse [190]
4. Collective Representation and Intellectual Life. Émile Durkheim [193]
D. The Social Group
1. Definition of the Group. Albion W. Small [196]
2. The Unity of the Social Group. Robert E. Park [198]
3. Types of Social Groups. S. Sighele [200]
4. Esprit de Corps, Morale, and Collective Representations of Social Groups. William E. Hocking [205]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. The Scientific Study of Societies [210]
2. Surveys of Communities [211]
3. The Group as a Unit of Investigation [212]
4. The Study of the Family [213]
Selected Bibliography [217]
Topics for Written Themes [223]
Questions for Discussion [224]
Chapter IV. Isolation
I. Introduction
1. Geological and Biological Conceptions of Isolation [226]
2. Isolation and Segregation [228]
3. Classification of the Materials [230]
II. Materials
A. Isolation and Personal Individuality
1. Society and Solitude. Francis Bacon [233]
2. Society in Solitude. Jean Jacques Rousseau [234]
3. Prayer as a Form of Isolation. George Albert Coe. [235]
4. Isolation, Originality, and Erudition. T. Sharper Knowlson [237]
B. Isolation and Retardation
1. Feral Men. Maurice H. Small [239]
2. From Solitude to Society. Helen Keller [243]
3. Mental Effects of Solitude. W. H. Hudson [245]
4. Isolation and the Rural Mind. C. J. Galpin [247]
5. The Subtler Effects of Isolation. W. I. Thomas. [249]
C. Isolation and Segregation
1. Segregation as a Process. Robert E. Park [252]
2. Isolation as a Result of Segregation. L. W. Crafts and E. A. Doll [254]
D. Isolation and National Individuality
1. Historical Races as Products of Isolation. N. S. Shaler [257]
2. Geographical Isolation and Maritime Contact. George Grote [260]
3. Isolation as an Explanation of National Differences. William Z. Ripley [264]
4. Natural versus Vicinal Location in National Development. Ellen C. Semple [268]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Isolation in Anthropogeography and Biology [269]
2. Isolation and Social Groups [270]
3. Isolation and Personality [271]
Bibliography: Materials for the Study of Isolation [273]
Topics for Written Themes [277]
Questions for Discussion [278]
Chapter V. Social Contacts
I. Introduction
1. Preliminary Notions of Social Contact [280]
2. The Sociological Concept of Contact [281]
3. Classification of the Materials [282]
II. Materials
A. Physical Contact and Social Contact
1. The Frontiers of Social Contact. Albion W. Small [288]
2. The Land and the People. Ellen C. Semple [289]
3. Touch and Social Contact. Ernest Crawley [291]
B. Social Contact in Relation to Solidarity and to Mobility
1. The In-Group and the Out-Group. W. G. Sumner. [293]
2. Sympathetic Contacts versus Categoric Contacts. N. S. Shaler [294]
3. Historical Continuity and Civilization. Friedrich Ratzel [298]
4. Mobility and the Movement of Peoples. Ellen C. Semple [301]
C. Primary and Secondary Contacts
1. Village Life in America (from the Diary of a Young Girl). Caroline C. Richards [305]
2. Secondary Contacts and City Life. Robert E. Park. [311]
3. Publicity as a Form of Secondary Contact. Robert E. Park [315]
4. From Sentimental to Rational Attitudes. Werner Sombart [317]
5. The Sociological Significance of the "Stranger." Georg Simmel [322]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Physical Contacts [327]
2. Touch and the Primary Contacts of Intimacy [329]
3. Primary Contacts of Acquaintanceship [330]
4. Secondary Contacts [331]
Bibliography: Materials for the Study of Social Contacts [332]
Topics for Written Themes [336]
Questions for Discussion [336]
Chapter VI. Social Interaction
I. Introduction
1. The Concept of Interaction [339]
2. Classification of the Materials [341]
II. Materials
A. Society as Interaction
1. The Mechanistic Interpretation of Society. Ludwig Gumplowicz [346]
2. Social Interaction as the Definition of the Group in Time and Space. Georg Simmel [348]
B. The Natural Forms of Communication
1. Sociology of the Senses: Visual Interaction. Georg Simmel [356]
2. The Expression of the Emotions. Charles Darwin [361]
3. Blushing. Charles Darwin [365]
4. Laughing. L. Dugas [370]
C. Language and the Communication of Ideas
1. Intercommunication in the Lower Animals. C. Lloyd Morgan [375]
2. The Concept as the Medium of Human Communication. F. Max Müller [379]
3. Writing as a Form of Communication. Charles H. Judd [381]
4. The Extension of Communication by Human Invention. Carl Bücher [385]
D. Imitation
1. Definition of Imitation. Charles H. Judd [390]
2. Attention, Interest, and Imitation. G. F. Stout [391]
3. The Three Levels of Sympathy. Th. Ribot [394]
4. Rational Sympathy. Adam Smith [397]
5. Art, Imitation, and Appreciation. Yrjö Hirn [401]
E. Suggestion
1. A Sociological Definition of Suggestion. W. v. Bechterew [408]
2. The Subtler Forms of Suggestion. Albert Moll [412]
3. Social Suggestion and Mass or "Corporate" Action. W. v. Bechterew [415]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. The Process of Interaction [420]
2. Communication [421]
3. Imitation [423]
4. Suggestion [424]
Selected Bibliography [425]
Topics for Written Themes [431]
Questions for Discussion [431]
Chapter VII. Social Forces
I. Introduction
1. Sources of the Notion of Social Forces [435]
2. History of the Concept of Social Forces [436]
3. Classification of the Materials [437]
II. Materials
A. Trends, Tendencies, and Public Opinion
1. Social Forces in American History. A. M. Simons [443]
2. Social Tendencies as Social Forces. Richard T. Ely [444]
3. Public Opinion and Legislation in England. A. V. Dicey [445]
B. Interests, Sentiments, and Attitudes
1. Social Forces and Interaction. Albion W. Small [451]
2. Interests. Albion W. Small [454]
3. Social Pressures. Arthur F. Bentley [458]
4. Idea-Forces. Alfred Fouillée [461]
5. Sentiments. William McDougall [464]
6. Social Attitudes. Robert E. Park [467]
C. The Four Wishes: A Classification of Social Forces
1. The Wish, the Social Atom. Edwin B. Holt [478]
2. The Freudian Wish. John B. Watson [482]
3. The Person and His Wishes. W. I. Thomas [488]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Popular Notions of Social Forces [491]
2. Social Forces and History [493]
3. Interests, Sentiments, and Attitudes as Social Forces [494]
4. Wishes and Social Forces [497]
Selected Bibliography [498]
Topics for Written Themes [501]
Questions for Discussion [502]
Chapter VIII. Competition
I. Introduction
1. Popular Conceptions of Competition [505]
2. Competition a Process of Interaction [507]
3. Classification of the Materials [511]
II. Materials
A. The Struggle for Existence
1. Different Forms of the Struggle for Existence. J. Arthur Thomson [513]
2. Competition and Natural Selection. Charles Darwin [515]
3. Competition, Specialization, and Organization. Charles Darwin [519]
4. Man: An Adaptive Mechanism. George W. Crile [522]
B. Competition and Segregation
1. Plant Migration, Competition, and Segregation. F. E. Clements [526]
2. Migration and Segregation. Carl Bücher [529]
3. Demographic Segregation and Social Selection. William Z. Ripley [534]
4. Inter-racial Competition and Race Suicide. Francis A. Walker [539]
C. Economic Competition
1. Changing Forms of Economic Competition. John B. Clark [544]
2. Competition and the Natural Harmony of Individual Interests. Adam Smith [550]
3. Competition and Freedom. Frédéric Bastiat [551]
4. Money and Freedom. Georg Simmel [552]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Biological Competition [553]
2. Economic Competition [554]
3. Competition and Human Ecology [558]
4. Competition and the "Inner Enemies": the Defectives, the Dependents, and the Delinquents [559]
Selected Bibliography [562]
Topics for Written Themes [562]
Questions for Discussion [563]
Chapter IX. Conflict
I. Introduction
1. The Concept of Conflict [574]
2. Classification of the Materials [576]
II. Materials
A. Conflict as Conscious Competition
1. The Natural History of Conflict. W. I. Thomas [579]
2. Conflict as a Type of Social Interaction. Georg Simmel [582]
3. Types of Conflict Situations. Georg Simmel [586]
B. War, Instincts, and Ideals
1. War and Human Nature. William A. White [594]
2. War as a Form of Relaxation. G. T. W. Patrick [598]
3. The Fighting Animal and the Great Society. Henry Rutgers Marshall [600]
C. Rivalry, Cultural Conflicts, and Social Organization
1. Animal Rivalry. William H. Hudson [604]
2. The Rivalry of Social Groups. George E. Vincent [605]
3. Cultural Conflicts and the Organization of Sects. Franklin H. Giddings [610]
D. Racial Conflicts
1. Social Contacts and Race Conflict. Robert E. Park [616]
2. Conflict and Race Consciousness. Robert E. Park [623]
3. Conflict and Accommodation. Alfred H. Stone [631]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. The Psychology and Sociology of Conflict, Conscious Competition, and Rivalry [638]
2. Types of Conflict [639]
3. The Literature of War [641]
4. Race Conflict [642]
5. Conflict Groups [643]
Selected Bibliography [645]
Topics for Written Themes [660]
Questions for Discussion [661]
Chapter X. Accommodation
I. Introduction
1. Adaptation and Accommodation [663]
2. Classification of the Materials [666]
II. Materials
A. Forms of Accommodation
1. Acclimatization. Daniel G. Brinton [671]
2. Slavery Defined. H. J. Nieboer [674]
3. Excerpts from the Journal of a West India Slave Owner. Matthew G. Lewis [677]
4. The Origin of Caste in India. John C. Nesfield [681]
5. Caste and the Sentiments of Caste Reflected in Popular Speech. Herbert Risley [684]
B. Subordination and Superordination
1. The Psychology of Subordination and Superordination. Hugo Münsterberg [688]
2. Social Attitudes in Subordination: Memories of an Old Servant. An Old Servant [692]
3. The Reciprocal Character of Subordination and Superordination. Georg Simmel [695]
4. Three Types of Subordination and Superordination. Georg Simmel [697]
C. Conflict and Accommodation
1. War and Peace as Types of Conflict and Accommodation. Georg Simmel [703]
2. Compromise and Accommodation. Georg Simmel [706]
D. Competition, Status, and Social Solidarity
1. Personal Competition, Social Selection, and Status. Charles H. Cooley [708]
2. Personal Competition and the Evolution of Individual Types. Robert E. Park [712]
3. Division of Labor and Social Solidarity. Émile Durkheim [714]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Forms of Accommodation [718]
2. Subordination and Superordination [721]
3. Accommodation Groups [721]
4. Social Organization [723]
Selected Bibliography [725]
Topics for Written Themes [732]
Questions for Discussion [732]
Chapter XI. Assimilation
I. Introduction
1. Popular Conceptions of Assimilation [734]
2. The Sociology of Assimilation [735]
3. Classification of the Materials [737]
II. Materials
A. Biological Aspects of Assimilation
1. Assimilation and Amalgamation. Sarah E. Simons [740]
2. The Instinctive Basis of Assimilation. W. Trotter [742]
B. The Conflict and Fusion of Cultures
1. The Analysis of Blended Cultures. W. H. R. Rivers [746]
2. The Extension of Roman Culture in Gaul. John H. Cornyn [751]
3. The Competition of the Cultural Languages. E. H. Babbitt [754]
4. The Assimilation of Races. Robert E. Park [756]
C. Americanization as a Problem in Assimilation
1. Americanization as Assimilation [762]
2. Language as a Means and a Product of Participation [763]
3. Assimilation and the Mediation of Individual Differences [766]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Assimilation and Amalgamation [769]
2. The Conflict and Fusion of Cultures [771]
3. Immigration and Americanization [772]
Selected Bibliography [775]
Topics for Written Themes [783]
Questions for Discussion [783]
Chapter XII. Social Control
I. Introduction
1. Social Control Defined [785]
2. Classification of the Materials [787]
II. Materials
A. Elementary Forms of Social Control
1. Control in the Crowd and the Public. Lieut. J. S. Smith [800]
2. Ceremonial Control. Herbert Spencer [805]
3. Prestige. Lewis Leopold [807]
4. Prestige and Status in South East Africa. Maurice S. Evans [811]
5. Taboo. W. Robertson Smith [812]
B. Public Opinion
1. The Myth. Georges Sorel [816]
2. The Growth of a Legend. Fernand van Langenhove [819]
3. Ritual, Myth, and Dogma. W. Robertson Smith [822]
4. The Nature of Public Opinion. A. Lawrence Lowell [826]
5. Public Opinion and the Mores. Robert E. Park [829]
6. News and Social Control. Walter Lippmann [834]
7. The Psychology of Propaganda. Raymond Dodge [837]
C. Institutions
1. Institutions and the Mores. W. G. Sumner [841]
2. Common Law and Statute Law. Frederic J. Stimson [843]
3. Religion and Social Control. Charles A. Ellwood [846]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Social Control and Human Nature [848]
2. Elementary Forms of Social Control [849]
3. Public Opinion and Social Control [850]
4. Legal Institutions and Law [851]
Selected Bibliography [854]
Topics for Written Themes [862]
Questions for Discussion [862]
Chapter XIII. Collective Behavior
I. Introduction
1. Collective Behavior Defined [865]
2. Social Unrest and Collective Behavior [866]
3. The Crowd and the Public [867]
4. Crowds and Sects [870]
5. Sects and Institutions [872]
6. Classification of the Materials [874]
II. Materials
A. Social Contagion
1. An Incident in a Lancashire Cotton Mill [878]
2. The Dancing Mania of the Middle Ages. J. F. C. Hecker [879]
B. The Crowd
1. The "Animal" Crowd [881]
a) The Flock. Mary Austin [881]
b) The Herd. W. H. Hudson [883]
c) The Pack. Ernest Thompson Seton [886]
2. The Psychological Crowd. Gustave Le Bon [887]
3. The Crowd Defined. Robert E. Park [893]
C. Types of Mass Movements
1. Crowd Excitements and Mass Movements: The Klondike Rush. T. C. Down [895]
2. Mass Movements and the Mores: The Woman's Crusade. Annie Wittenmyer [898]
3. Mass Movements and Revolution
a) The French Revolution. Gustave Le Bon [905]
b) Bolshevism. John Spargo [909]
4. Mass Movements and Institutions: Methodism. William E. H. Lecky [915]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Social Unrest [924]
2. Psychic Epidemics [926]
3. Mass Movements [927]
4. Revivals, Religious and Linguistic [929]
5. Fashion, Reform, and Revolution [933]
Selected Bibliography [934]
Topics for Written Themes [951]
Questions for Discussion [951]
Chapter XIV. Progress
I. Introduction
1. Popular Conceptions of Progress [953]
2. The Problem of Progress [956]
3. History of the Concept of Progress [958]
4. Classification of the Materials [962]
II. Materials
A. The Concept of Progress
1. The Earliest Conception of Progress. F. S. Marvin [965]
2. Progress and Organization. Herbert Spencer [966]
3. The Stages of Progress. Auguste Comte [968]
4. Progress and the Historical Process. Leonard T. Hobhouse [969]
B. Progress and Science
1. Progress and Happiness. Lester F. Ward [973]
2. Progress and Prevision. John Dewey [975]
3. Progress and the Limits of Scientific Prevision. Arthur J. Balfour [977]
4. Eugenics as a Science of Progress. Francis Galton [979]
C. Progress and Human Nature
1. The Nature of Man. George Santayana [983]
2. Progress and the Mores. W. G. Sumner [983]
3. War and Progress. James Bryce [984]
4. Progress and the Cosmic Urge
a) The Élan Vitale. Henri Bergson [989]
b) The Dunkler Drang. Arthur Schopenhauer [994]
III. Investigations and Problems
1. Progress and Social Research [1000]
2. Indices of Progress [1002]
Selected Bibliography [1004]
Topics for Written Themes [1010]
Questions for Discussion [1010]