While we have a number of names derived from nations or races in accordance with the Teutonic system, there are some others which might seem more obviously than most others to be from such an origin, and yet which must I think be referred to some other source. Three of these, England, Scotland, and Ireland, I have already referred to at p. [9].
ENGLISH, INGLIS, ROMAN, NORMAN, GENESE, TURK, SPAIN.
English I take to be a phonetic corruption of Inglis, which seems to be the same as an Ingliseus in the Pol. Irm., and which I rather suppose to be a transposition of an Anglo-Saxon Ingils, for Ingisil, from the stem ing, p. [56]. Roman, I doubt not, is contracted from Rodman, p. [61], as Robert is from Rodbert, and Roland from Rodland. I introduce Norman here as not being, in my view, from "Norman" as we generally understand the term, but as representing more probably the word in its original sense of "Northman." Nordman was a Scandinavian name, and hence it is I think that we have the name, which seems to occur more especially in Scotland and the Danish districts of England. Genese I take to be most probably from the old Frankish name Genesius, perhaps from a stem gan, p. [52], with the ending in es, p. [33]. Turk corresponds with an A.S. Turca, p. [111], which again is probably the same as a Gothic Turicus of the fifth century, a diminutive from the stem dur or tur found among the early settlers, and of uncertain meaning. Spain I take to be from the A.S. spanan, allicere, found in some ancient names, and from which I take to be our name Spenlove, (leof, dear) with the corruption, Spendlove. The name Spegen, corresponding with our Spain, occurs in the Liber Vitæ more than once—Is its aspirated form due to the Northumbrian dialect?
Of the names which are truly derived from nationality I will here only refer to one as an illustration of successive forms built one upon the other in accordance with the principle referred to in treating of the ending en, p. [27].
BOY, BYE, PYE, BOYER, BYARD, BOYMAN, PYMAN, BEYERMAN, BYRON.
There are three forms, the first representing the form boi, as found in the name of the Boii, who gave the name to Boioaria or Bavaria, the second representing the extended form found in German Baviar, the third the further extended form as found in Bavarian.
SIMPLE FORM BOI.
O.G. Boio, Beio, Peio, ninth century. A.S. Boia (in a charter of Cnut). Eng. Boy, Bye, Pye. Germ. Boye French, Boy, Boye, Poy, Poyé.
Compounds.
(Hard, fortis), Eng. Byard—French Boyard, Poyart—Italian Boiardo. (Man, vir), Eng. Boyman, Pyman.