[44] Journal do Commercio, (Rio,) May 26, 1856.

[45] Bancroft, vol. iii., p. 414.

[46] Moore's Hist. of Slavery in Mass., p. 162.

[47] Justice Campbell, in Howard, 19th, Dred Scott Case.

[48] Idem.

[49] See, on all the following statements from Lord Mansfield, Lofft's Reports, 12th Geo. 3d, pp. 1, 8, 17, 18, etc.

[50] What the villein in gross was, may be learned from the following, of Bracton, Lib. iv., 208:
"Purum villenagium est, a quo præstatur servilium incertum et indeterminatum; ubi scire non potest vespere, quale servitium fieri debet mane, viz., ubi quis facere tenetur quicquid ei præceptum fuit." See also Blackstone, Lib. ii., 93.

[51] Justice Campbell, on Dred Scott case, 19th Howard, 109.

[52] Parliament, 15th Geo. 3d.

[53] Hening, Stat. at Large, vol. ii., p. 283.