To HAVE.
Indicative Mode. | ||||||
Present Time. | ||||||
| Person. | Sing. | Plur. | ||||
| 1. | I have, | We | } | have. | ||
| 2. | Thou hast[19], | Ye | } | |||
| 3. | He hath, or has; | They | } | |||
Past Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I had, | We | } | had. | ||
| 2. | Thou hadst, | Ye | } | |||
| 3. | He had; | They | } | |||
Future Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I shall, or will, | } | have; | We | } | shall, or will, have. |
| 2. | Thou shalt, or wilt, | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He shall, or will, | } | They | } | ||
Imperative Mode. | ||||||
| 1. | Let us have, | |||||
| 2. | Have thou, or, Do thou have, | Have ye, or, Do ye have, | ||||
| 3. | Let him have; | Let them have. | ||||
Subjunctive Mode. | ||||||
Present Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I | } | have; | We | } | have. |
| 2. | Thou | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He | } | They | } | ||
Infinitive Mode. | ||||||
| Present, To have: Past, To have had. | ||||||
Participle. | ||||||
| Present, Having: Perfect[20], Had: Past, Having had. | ||||||
To BE.
Indicative Mode. | ||||||
Present Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I am, | We | } | are. | ||
| 2. | Thou art, | Ye | } | |||
| 3. | He is; | They | } | |||
Or, | ||||||
| 1. | I be, | We | } | be. | ||
| 2. | Thou beest, | Ye | } | |||
| 3. | He is; | They | } | |||
Past Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I was, | We | } | were. | ||
| 2. | Thou wast, | Ye | } | |||
| 3. | He was; | They | } | |||
Future Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I shall, or will, | } | be; | We | } | shall, or will, be. |
| 2. | Thou shalt, or wilt, | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He shall, or will, | } | They | } | ||
Imperative Mode. | ||||||
| 1. | Let us be, | |||||
| 2. | Be thou, or, Do thou be, | Be ye, or, Do ye be, | ||||
| 3. | Let him be; | Let them be. | ||||
Subjunctive Mode. | ||||||
Present Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I | } | be; | We | } | be. |
| 2. | Thou | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He | } | They | } | ||
Past Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I | were, | We | } | were. | |
| 2. | Thou | wert[21], | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He | were; | They | } | ||
Infinitive Mode. | ||||||
| Present, To be: Past, To have been. | ||||||
Participle. | ||||||
| Present, Being: Perfect, Been: Past, Having been. | ||||||
The Verb Active is thus varied according to Person, Number, Time and Mode.
Indicative Mode. | ||||||
Present Time. | ||||||
| Person. | Sing. | Plur. | ||||
| 1. | I love, | We | } | love. | ||
| 2. | Thou lovest, | Ye | } | |||
| 3. | He loveth, or loves; | They | } | |||
Past Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I loved, | We | } | loved. | ||
| 2. | Thou lovedst, | Ye | } | |||
| 3. | He loved; | They | } | |||
Future Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I shall, or will, | } | love; | We | } | shall, or will, love. |
| 2. | Thou shalt, or wilt, | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He shall, or will, | } | They | } | ||
Imperative Mode. | ||||||
| 1. | Let us love, | |||||
| 2. | Love thou, or, Do thou love, | Love ye, or, Do ye love, | ||||
| 3. | Let him love; | Let them love. | ||||
Subjunctive Mode. | ||||||
Present Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I | } | love; | We | } | love. |
| 2. | Thou | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He | } | They | } | ||
And, | ||||||
| 1. | I may | } | love; | We | } | may love; and have loved[22]. |
| 2. | Thou mayst | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He may | } | They | } | ||
Past Time. | ||||||
| 1. | I might | } | love; | We | } | might love; and have loved[22]. |
| 2. | Thou mightest | } | Ye | } | ||
| 3. | He might | } | They | } | ||
And, | ||||||
I could, should, would; Thou couldst, &c. love; and have loved. | ||||||
Infinitive Mode. | ||||||
Present, To love: Past, To have loved. | ||||||
Participle. | ||||||
Present, Loving: Perfect, Loved: Past, Having loved. | ||||||
But in discourse we have often occasion to speak of Time not only as Present, Past, and Future, at large and indeterminately, but also as such with some particular distinction and limitation; that is, as passing, or finished; as imperfect, or perfect. This will best be seen in an example of a Verb laid out and distributed according to these distinctions of Time.
Indefinite, or Undetermined, Time:
| Present, | Past, | Future, |
| I love; | I loved; | I shall love. |