Most Prepositions originally denote the relation of Place, and have been thence transferred to denote by similitude other relations. Thus, out, in, through, under, by, to, from, of, &c. Of is much the same with from; “ask of me,” that is, from me: “made of wood;” “Son of Philip;” that is, sprung from him. For, in its primary sense, is pro, loco alterius, in the stead, or place, of another. The notion of Place is very obvious in all the rest.
CONJUNCTION.
The Conjunction connects or joins together Sentences; so as out of two to make one Sentence.
Thus, “You, and I, and Peter, rode to London,” is one Sentence made up of these three by the Conjunction and twice employed; “You rode to London; I rode to London; Peter rode to London.” Again, “You and I rode to London, but Peter staid at home,” is one Sentence made up of three by the Conjunctions and and but: both of which equally connect the Sentences, but the latter expresses an Opposition in the Sense. The first is therefore called a Conjunction Copulative; the other a Conjunction Disjunctive.
The use of Copulative Conjunctions is to connect, or to continue, the Sentence, by expressing an addition, and; a supposition, or condition, if, as; a cause, because[41], then; a motive, that; an inference, therefore; &c.
The use of Disjunctives is to connect and to continue the Sentence; but to express Opposition of meaning in different degrees: as, or, but, than, altho’, unless, &c.
INTERJECTION.
Interjections, so called because they are thrown in between the parts of a sentence without making any other alteration in it, are a kind of Natural Sounds to express the affection of the Speaker.
The different Passions have for the most part different Interjections to express them.
The Interjection O placed before a Substantive expresses more strongly an address made to that person or thing; as it marks in Latin what is called the Vocative Case.