Prepositions have a Government of Cases; and in English they always require the Objective Case after them: as, “with him; from her; to me.”[63]
The Preposition is often separated from the Relative which it governs, and joined to the Verb at the end of the Sentence, or of some member of it: as, “Horace is an author, whom I am much delighted with.” “The[64] world is too well bred to shock authors with a truth, which generally their booksellers are the first that inform them of.” This is an Idiom which our language is strongly inclined to; it prevails in common conversation, and suits very well with the familiar style in writing; but the placing of the Preposition before the Relative is more graceful, as well as more perspicuous; and agrees much better with the solemn and elevated Style.
Verbs are often compounded of a Verb and a Preposition; as, to uphold, to outweigh, to overlook: and this composition sometimes gives a new sense to the Verb; as, to understand, to withdraw, to forgive[65]. But in English the Preposition is more frequently placed after the Verb, and separate from it, like an Adverb; in which situation it is no less apt to affect the sense of it, and to give it a new meaning; and may still be considered as belonging to the Verb, and a part of it. As, to cast is to throw; but to cast up, or to compute, an account, is quite a different thing: thus, to fall on, to bear out, to give over; &c. So that the meaning of the Verb, and the propriety of the phrase, depend on the Preposition subjoined[66].
As the Preposition subjoined to the Verb hath the construction and nature of an Adverb, so the Adverbs here, there, where, with a Preposition subjoined, as hereof, therewith, whereupon[67], have the construction and nature of Pronouns.
The Prepositions to and for are often understood; as, “give me the book; get me some paper;” that is, to me, for me[68].
Two or more Simple Sentences, joined together by one or more Connective Words, become a Compounded Sentence.