Negative effect
Weight of cabin: 14,100 × sin 54°35′ 11,500lb.
Live load: 100 persons @150 lb. = 15,000 × sin 54°35′ 12,200
——— — 23,720lb.
Positive effect
Counterweight: 6,600 × sin 54°35′ 5,380
Power: 156 p.s.i. × 2 (pistons) × 1,341.5 sq. in. (piston area)
———————————————————
13 (ratio)		 32,196
———		 37,576 lb.
————
Excess to overcome friction 13,856 lb.

The Edoux System

Negative effect
Unbalanced weight of plungers (necessary to raise full lower car and weight
of cables on lower side)		 42,330lb.
Live load: 60 persons @150 lb. 9,000
———		 — 51,330 lb.
Positive effect
Power: 227.5 p.s.i. × 2 (plungers) × 124 sq. in. (plunger area) 56,420 lb.
————
Excess to overcome friction 5,090 lb.

Footnotes:

[1] Translated from Jean A. Keim, La Tour Eiffel, Paris, 1950.

[2] The foundation footings exerted a pressure on the earth of about 200 pounds per square foot, roughly one-sixth that of the Washington Monument, then the highest structure in the world.

[3] A type of elevator known as the “teagle” was in use in some multistory English factories by about 1835. From its description, this elevator appears to have been primarily for the use of passengers, but it unquestionably carried freight as well. The machine shown in [figure 7] had, with the exception of a car safety, all the features of later systems driven from line shafting—counterweight, control from the car, and reversal by straight and crossed belts.

[4] The Otis safety, of which a modified form is still used, consisted essentially of a leaf wagon spring, on the car frame, kept strained by the tension of the hoisting cables. If these gave way, the spring, released, drove dogs into continuous racks on the vertical guides, holding the car or platform in place.

[5] A notable exception was the elevator in the Washington Monument. Installed in 1880 for raising materials during the structure’s final period of erection and afterwards converted to passenger service, it was for many years the highest-rise elevator in the world (about 500 feet), and was certainly among the slowest, having a speed of 50 feet per minute.