2. By,
- Na Hone i patu, was beaten by John.
Note.—Na does not in this sense take a passive after it. It is not quite certain that na does, in such sentences as the above, signify by. The subject will be more fully considered in the Syntax. (vid. verbs).
Na, in this sense, always takes i after it. The following sentence is incorrect: Nana hoki kua tohutohu enei mea, he also has appointed these things. (For na followed by ka vid. Ma. 5.)
3. Through or BY (what cause, instrumentality, &c.)
- Na te aha i mate ai, from what did he die?
Sometimes, in this use of it, it is followed by a passive voice, with ai.
- Na te aha i pahuatia ai? for what cause was he plundered?
- Na te aha i meinga ai? why was it done?
Sometimes (but rarely) it is followed by an active verb:
- Na te mea i tuhituhi atu ai au, the reason of my writing (is because) &c.