A Burgwall was on the land near the lake-dwelling—a fact which is somewhat significant, as, according to Virchow, there was often a close connection between these two classes of remains.
Dabersee (Hinter Pommern).—The Pfahlbauten in this lake were shown by Professor Virchow to be connected with an adjacent Burgwall by a wooden bridge. (B. 165.) He also found that the piles were associated with submerged wooden rectangles similar to those already described in the Persanzigersee. Together with pottery of the Burgwälle type, he found bone skates, an iron hatchet, and an ornamented comb, constructed of several pieces of bone banded together with iron rivets. About this comb he remarks that the teeth were sawn after the pieces were put together—a peculiarity which I have noted of the bone combs found on the Ayrshire crannogs.[55]
Lübbinchenersee (Kr. Guben).—In 1877 a lake-dwelling of the Slavish period (Spätwendischer und darüber Mittelalterlicher Pfahlbau) was examined by members of the Märkisches Museum, in Berlin, from which they collected a large quantity of iron objects, pottery, bones, etc., which may now be seen in this museum. The base of this lacustrine dwelling was constructed precisely similar to that at Persanzig, and the beams had similar cuts near their extremities, where they overlapped each other.
Alt Friesack (Kr. Ruppin).—A similar Slavish Pfahlbau was found at Alt Friesack, from which there is now in the Märkisches Museum a large quantity of débris—wooden beams, quern-stones, some perforated clay sinkers ([Fig. 96], No. 5), an iron hatchet (No. 2) with traces of ornamentation on it, an iron oblong ring (No. 1), and pottery with the characteristic wavy lines (Nos. 3 and 4).
Fig. 96.—Friesack (1 to 5) and Persanzig. No. 5 = 1⁄4, the rest 1⁄2 real size.
Kloppsee (Neumark).—A lake-dwelling in the Kloppsee, near Woldenburg, has yielded a fine black pottery, so well burnt that it gives a metallic ring when struck. The vessels found here are well shaped, and the fragments show handles, feet, and well-formed recurved rims. (B. 165.)
Spandau.—One of the most remarkable lacustrine discoveries in North Germany was made a few years ago (1881) at the town of Spandau, near Berlin. Here, in a flat space called Stresow, close to the river Havel, in which workmen were excavating the foundations of a military powder-house, oak piles and bronze weapons were turned up from considerable depths.
The locality was almost surrounded by the adjacent sluggish waters, and so wet that two pumps had to be kept going before the men could carry out the necessary excavations. From the sedimentary character of the deposit, as well as the abundance of fresh-water shells, there could be no doubt that formerly the place had been occupied by a lake. There was, first of all, a bed of peat about five feet thick, and under this came a deposit of mud and sand. On the south side of the space being excavated there was observed at a depth of nearly 12 feet a layer of greenish stuff, mixed with bones, impregnated with vivianite, and through this layer the piles were found to have penetrated to the sand underneath. It was in the muddy deposit immediately beneath the peat that the tops of the piles appeared, and they were arranged sometimes in parallel rows, and sometimes without any apparent regularity. Some were of oak, and others of soft wood. There was also much timber lying transversely, and many of the beams showed signs of charring.