VOL. VI.
LONDON:
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE-STREET.
MDCCCXXXVII.
Ἱστορίας γὰρ ἐὰν ἀφέλῃ τις τὸ διὰ τί, καὶ πῶς, καὶ τίνος χάριν ἐπράχθη, καὶ τὸ πραχθὲν πότερα εὔλογον ἔσχε τὸ τέλος, τὸ καταλειπόμενον αὐτῆς ἀγώνισμα μὲν, μάθημα δὲ οὐ γίγνεται· καὶ παραυτίκα μὲν τέρπει, πρὸς δὲ τὸ μέλλον οὐδὲν ὠφελεῖ τὸ παράπαν.
Polybius, lib. iii. sect. 31.
CONTENTS OF THE SIXTH VOLUME
| [CHAPTER XLI.] | |
| (CONTINUED.) | |
| Page | |
| Duran enters Soria | [1] |
| Members of the Junta of Burgos seized by the French and put to death | [2] |
| Circumstances of the execution | [4] |
| Treatment of their bodies | [5] |
| Retaliatory executions | [6] |
| El Manco | [7] |
| Mutual retaliations | [7] |
| Guerrilla exploits | [8] |
| Intercepted letters from the Intruder | [9] |
| Sir Rowland Hill’s expedition against the bridge of Almaraz | [12] |
| Ballasteros defeated at Bornos | [16] |
| Lord Wellington advances into Spain | [16] |
| Salamanca | [17] |
| The Tormes | [18] |
| The allies enter Salamanca | [18] |
| Siege of the forts there | [19] |
| Marmont moves to relieve them | [21] |
| Surrender of the forts | [24] |
| Marmont falls back upon the Douro | [25] |
| Lord Wellington advances to that river | [26] |
| The Douro | [27] |
| Marmont reinforced by General Bonnet | [28] |
| Lord Wellington retires before him | [29] |
| Battle of Salamanca | [33] |
| Proceedings of Sir Home Popham on the coast of Biscay | [41] |
| [CHAPTER XLII.] | |
| Appeal of the Intruder to the Spaniards | [47] |
| State of Madrid | [48] |
| Measures of the Intruder before the battle of Salamanca | [49] |
| Advance of the allies | [50] |
| Affair at Majalahonda | [51] |
| The enemy retire from Madrid | [51] |
| The allies enter | [52] |
| The new constitution proclaimed there | [52] |
| The Buen Retiro | [53] |
| Surrender of the Retiro | [56] |
| The constitution sworn to | [56] |
| General Foy’s movement | [58] |
| Measures of police at Madrid | [59] |
| Lord Wellington’s situation | [61] |
| Anglo-Sicilian army | [62] |
| Majorcan division | [63] |
| The expedition arrives on the coast of Catalonia | [64] |
| Defeat of the Spaniards at Castalla | [65] |
| The expedition lands at Alicante | [66] |
| The French fall back to the Xucar | [66] |
| They withdraw from Santander | [67] |
| And are driven from Bilbao | [67] |
| State of the Galician army | [67] |
| The French break up the siege of Cadiz | [68] |
| Movement of General La Cruz Mourgeon and Colonel Skerrett upon Seville | [69] |
| Brigadier-General Downie | [69] |
| The French driven from Seville | [71] |
| Rejoicing in that city | [73] |
| Honours rendered to Lord Wellington | [74] |
| St. Teresa appointed co-patroness of Spain | [74] |
| Lord Wellington commander-in-chief of the Spanish armies | [77] |
| His situation at Madrid | [77] |
| He moves toward Burgos | [79] |
| The French withdraw from Valladolid | [79] |
| The allies advance to Burgos | [80] |
| Burgos | [81] |
| The allies enter Burgos | [85] |
| Castle of Burgos | [86] |
| The horn-work on St. Miguel’s taken | [87] |
| Failure in assaulting the first line | [89] |
| A second assault fails | [90] |
| A third by daylight proves successful | [91] |
| Major Cocks | [93] |
| The second line assaulted with ill success | [95] |
| Movement of the French in the North | [95] |
| Ballasteros refuses to act under the British commander | [96] |
| He is exiled to Ceuta | [97] |
| General Maitland gives up the command of the Anglo-Sicilian army | [98] |
| Unsuccessful attempt upon Denia | [99] |
| The French prepare to march from the South against Lord Wellington | [99] |
| Castle of Chinchilla taken by them | [99] |
| They begin their march | [100] |
| Lord Wellington raises the siege of Burgos | [101] |
| Retreat from Burgos | [101] |
| Disorder during the retreat | [102] |
| The allies halt | [104] |
| Sir Rowland Hill retreats from the Xarama | [106] |
| State of Madrid | [107] |
| The allies withdraw from Madrid | [107] |
| The French enter | [108] |
| Junction of the retreating armies | [109] |
| Junction of the French armies | [110] |
| Lord Wellington retreats to Salamanca | [111] |
| And from thence to the Agueda | [112] |
| Sufferings of the army | [112] |
| Sir Edward Paget made prisoner | [114] |
| Lord Wellington reaches Ciudad Rodrigo | [115] |
| The French retire to the Tormes | [116] |
| Castle of Alba de Tormes evacuated | [116] |
| Lord Wellington’s circular letter to the commanding officers of battalions | [117] |
| [CHAPTER XLIII.] | |
| Opinions of the opposition | [122] |
| Marquis Wellesley calls for inquiry | [122] |
| Lord Grenville | [124] |
| Mr. Ponsonby | [125] |
| Mr. Freemantle | [125] |
| Mr. Whitbread | [125] |
| Motion of thanks to the armies | [127] |
| Sir F. Burdett | [127] |
| Marquis Wellesley moves for a committee | [129] |
| Earl Grey | [131] |
| Earl of Liverpool | [132] |
| Earl Bathurst | [132] |
| Lord Holland | [133] |
| Lord Wellington goes to Cadiz | [133] |
| Arrangements concerning the Spanish armies | [134] |
| Lord Wellington goes to Lisbon | [135] |
| Relaxed discipline of the Portugueze army | [135] |
| Buonaparte withdraws troops from Spain | [137] |
| Exactions of the French | [138] |
| Longa’s movements in the North | [138] |
| Mina’s movements | [140] |
| Caffarelli recalled from Spain | [141] |
| Clausel endeavours to hunt Mina down | [141] |
| Renovales made prisoner | [143] |
| Castro de Urdiales taken by General Foy | [143] |
| Enormities committed there by the French | [144] |
| Marshal Soult called from Spain | [145] |
| The Intruder goes to Valladolid | [145] |
| Anglo-Sicilian army | [146] |
| Sir John Murray takes the command | [146] |
| Defeat of Elio’s corps | [147] |
| Suchet marches against the Anglo-Sicilian army | [147] |
| Battle of Castalla | [149] |
| Lord Wellington opens the campaign | [153] |
| The left of his army crosses the Douro | [153] |
| Affair near Salamanca | [154] |
| Passage of the Ezla | [157] |
| Sir Rowland Hill crosses the Douro | [159] |
| The French abandon Burgos | [161] |
| The Ebro | [162] |
| Passage of the Ebro | [163] |
| The French fall back upon Vittoria | [163] |
| Vittoria | [165] |
| Battle of Vittoria | [166] |
| Sir Thomas Graham proceeds against General Foy | [175] |
| The French driven from Tolosa | [176] |
| Foy retreats into France | [177] |
| Passages is surrendered | [178] |
| Castro abandoned by the enemy | [178] |
| Pancorbo taken | [179] |
| Clausel retires to Zaragoza | [179] |
| Preparations for the siege of Pamplona | [180] |
| [CHAPTER XLIV.] | |
| Expedition from Alicante | [181] |
| Col de Balaguer taken by the Anglo-Sicilian army | [182] |
| The expedition lands near Tarragona | [183] |
| Suchet’s movements for the relief of that place | [185] |
| Sir John Murray raises the siege | [186] |
| Suchet approaches Col de Balaguer and retires again | [188] |
| Sir John re-lands the troops | [189] |
| Lord W. Bentinck takes the command | [190] |
| Fort at Col de Balaguer demolished | [190] |
| Unsuccessful movements of the Spaniards in Valencia | [191] |
| The expedition returns to Alicante | [192] |
| Suchet’s measures after the battle of Vittoria | [192] |
| Lord Wellington undertakes the siege of S. Sebastian’s | [193] |
| Clausel retreats into France by way of Jaca | [193] |
| Duran invites Mina to act with him for the deliverance of Zaragoza | [194] |
| Affair before Zaragoza | [195] |
| Second sally of the French | [197] |
| Duran arrives before the city | [197] |
| The French withdraw from the city, leaving a garrison | [198] |
| Suchet draws off the remaining garrisons in Aragon | [201] |
| Duran enters Zaragoza | [202] |
| Mina takes the command | [203] |
| The Aljaferia surrendered | [204] |
| Conduct of the Zaragozans during their captivity | [204] |
| S. Sebastian’s | [207] |
| Distribution of the allied army | [208] |
| Siege of S. Sebastian’s | [210] |
| Convent of S. Bartolomé taken | [211] |
| The batteries open | [213] |
| Unsuccessful assault | [214] |
| The siege suspended | [217] |
| Soult appointed Commander-in-chief | [218] |
| His address to the troops | [219] |
| Critical situation of the allied army | [220] |
| Soult’s movements for the relief of Pamplona | [221] |
| Battles of the Pyrenees | [222] |
| Siege of S. Sebastian’s resumed | [230] |
| Preparations for assaulting the town | [233] |
| Soult moves for its relief | [234] |
| Assault of the town | [234] |
| Sir James Leith wounded | [238] |
| Sir Richard Fletcher slain | [239] |
| The town taken | [239] |
| The French defeated in their attempt to relieve it | [241] |
| Siege of the castle | [244] |
| Excesses committed in the town | [246] |
| The garrison surrenders | [247] |
| [CHAPTER XLV.] | |
| The remains of Romana’s army return from the North | [251] |
| Lord W. Bentinck invests Tarragona | [251] |
| Suchet raises the siege | [253] |
| The French abandon Tarragona | [254] |
| Plans proposed to Suchet by Soult | [254] |
| Suchet surprises the allies at the pass of Ordal | [256] |
| The Anglo-Sicilians retreat | [257] |
| The command devolves upon Sir William Clinton | [258] |
| Position of the armies in the Pyrenean frontier | [261] |
| Levy ordered in France for Soult’s army | [262] |
| Speech of M. Regnaud de S. Jean Angely | [262] |
| Of the Comte de Beurnonville | [262] |
| Lord Wellington’s orders upon entering France | [263] |
| Passage of the Bidassoa | [264] |
| The Bidassoa | [265] |
| Attack of the French position | [266] |
| Conduct of the French peasantry | [270] |
| Pamplona surrendered | [272] |
| Soult’s position on the Nivelle | [274] |
| Battles of the Nivelle | [278] |
| The allies cantoned between that river and the sea | [287] |
| S. Jean de Luz | [288] |
| Discipline observed by the allies | [289] |
| The inhabitants return to their homes | [290] |
| Bayonne | [291] |
| Passage of the Nive | [292] |
| Soult takes a defensive position | [306] |
| The allies wait in their cantonments for better weather | [307] |
| Marshal Beresford restores the colours of certain Portugueze militia regiments | [308] |
| Conduct of the Spanish and Portugueze soldiers at Dantzic | [309] |
| Ill conduct of the Spanish government towards Lord Wellington | [310] |
| Change of Regency | [310] |
| Proceedings in Parliament | [311] |
| Lord Grenville’s speech | [312] |
| Marquis Wellesley | [314] |
| Lord Liverpool | [315] |
| Mr. Charles Grant | [316] |
| Mr. Whitbread | [318] |
| Mr. Canning | [320] |
| Mr. Whitbread | [325] |
| Militia allowed to volunteer for foreign service | [325] |
| Lord Holland | [326] |
| Terms offered by the allies to Buonaparte | [328] |
| Buonaparte treats with Ferdinand | [329] |
| Conference between Comte de Laforest and Ferdinand | [329] |
| Treaty concluded at Valençay | [334] |
| Duque de San Carlos sent to the Regency | [335] |
| Secret instructions from Ferdinand | [337] |
| Macanaz sent to Valençay | [338] |
| Zayas and Palafox released | [339] |
| Palafox sent to the Regency | [340] |
| Reply of the Spanish government | [340] |
| Measures of the Cortes | [341] |
| [CHAPTER XLVI.] | |
| Buonaparte’s speech to his council | [344] |
| Proceedings of the French government | [345] |
| Comte Dejean | [345] |
| Regnaud de S. Jean d’Angely | [345] |
| Lacepède | [346] |
| Buonaparte’s speech to the Legislative Assembly | [347] |
| British regulations for trading with the captured French ports | [347] |
| Injury done by destroying the woods in this part of the Pyrenees | [350] |
| Movements in the month of January | [352] |
| False reports circulated by the French government | [353] |
| The Duc d’Angoulême goes to Lord Wellington’s army | [354] |
| Rochejaquelein comes to the British camp | [355] |
| Lord Wellington refuses to send an expedition to the coast of Poitou | [357] |
| Suchet fails in an attempt to surprise a British corps | [358] |
| The German troops in Barcelona disarmed | [359] |
| Troops withdrawn from Suchet’s army | [359] |
| Failure of an attempt against the enemy at Molins del Rey | [360] |
| Farther drafts from Suchet’s army | [361] |
| He retires to Gerona | [361] |
| Van Halen opens a correspondence with Eroles | [363] |
| He deserts from the French army | [363] |
| His scheme for recovering certain places | [364] |
| The deceit tried at Tortosa | [365] |
| It fails there | [367] |
| Attempt at Lerida | [368] |
| And at Mequinenza, where it succeeds | [369] |
| Success at Lerida | [370] |
| And at Monzon | [372] |
| The three garrisons made prisoners | [373] |
| Suchet dismantles Gerona and other places | [374] |
| State of Lord Wellington’s army | [375] |
| Operations are renewed | [376] |
| Preparations for crossing the Adour | [378] |
| The Adour | [379] |
| Passage of the Adour | [381] |
| Entrance of the flotilla | [386] |
| A bridge carried over the Adour | [389] |
| Passage of the Gaves | [391] |
| Orthes | [392] |
| Battle of Orthes | [394] |
| The French driven from Aire | [399] |
| Soult draws nearer the Pyrenees | [400] |
| The allies enter Pau | [401] |
| Deputies arrive from Bourdeaux | [402] |
| The Duc d’Angoulême proceeds thither with Marshal Beresford | [402] |
| The Landes | [403] |
| The Buonapartists withdraw from Bourdeaux | [404] |
| The Duc enters, and the white flag is hoisted there | [405] |
| Failure of the negotiations at Chatillon | [407] |
| Soult’s proclamation | [409] |
| Admiral Penrose enters the Gironde | [411] |
| Proceedings at Valençay | [414] |
| Ferdinand set at liberty | [416] |
| His arrangement with Marshal Suchet | [418] |
| He writes from Gerona to the Regency | [420] |
| Ferdinand goes to Zaragoza | [420] |
| Soult resumes the offensive | [421] |
| He retreats upon Tarbes | [422] |
| Farther retreat to Toulouse | [422] |
| Passage of the Garonne | [424] |
| Toulouse | [426] |
| Soult’s position there | [428] |
| Battle of Toulouse | [430] |
| Soult retires from Toulouse | [437] |
| The allies enter | [438] |
| Louis XVIII proclaimed there | [439] |
| Sally of the French from Bayonne | [439] |
| Sir John Hope taken prisoner | [441] |
| The French repulsed | [442] |
| Suchet and Soult acknowledge the new government | [444] |
| Disposition of Ferdinand on his return | [446] |
| Impolitic measures of the Cortes | [447] |
| Cardinal Bourbon’s reception by Ferdinand | [452] |
| Elio meets the King | [453] |
| Ferdinand enters Valencia | [453] |
| The officers swear fidelity to him | [455] |
| General Wittingham’s advice | [456] |
| Memorial of the Serviles | [457] |
| Stone of the Constitution removed | [458] |
| Ferdinand’s declaration | [459] |
| He enters Madrid | [465] |
| Subsequent conduct of the people and of the government | [466] |
| Lord Wellington returns to England | [467] |
| He takes his seat in the House of Lords | [468] |
| The Lord Chancellor’s speech | [468] |
| The House of Commons congratulate him on his return | [469] |
| He returns thanks to the House | [469] |
| The Speaker’s speech | [470] |
| Conclusion | [471] |