Andamanese Very dark (Races of Man, &c., p. 9).
Semang Dark chocolate brown, approximating to black. (Ibid.).
Aetas Dark sooty brown (Ibid.).
Dutch New Guinea dwarfs Brown (Rawling, Geographical Journal, vol. 38, p. 245).
Mafulu Dark sooty brown.

Texture of Hair.

This is frizzly in all cases, as with other negroids, the word “woolly” often used being, I imagine, intended to imply frizzly.

Colour of Hair.

This being a point which seems to me to be rather interesting, I propose to quote various descriptions.

Andamanese Varies from sooty black to dark brown, old gold, red and light brown; and, though these may be the colours of individual hairs, the general appearance is sooty black or yellowish-brown. Portman (History of our Relations with the Andamanese, p. 30).
Varies between black, greyish-black and sooty, the last perhaps predominating. Man (The Andaman Islanders, p. II).
Black, with a reddish tinge. Haddon (Races of Man, &c., p. 9).
Semang Brownish-black, not a bluish-black like that of the Malays. Skeat and Blagden (Pagan Races, &c., p. 46).
Brownish-black. Haddon (Races of Man, &c., p. 9).
Aetas Brown-black, shining. Semper (Journal of Anthropology for October, 1870, p. 135).
Rich dark brown. Writer of article on Semper’s work (Id.).
Varying from a dark seal-brown to black. Meyer (Journal of Anthropological Institute, vol. 25, p. 174).
Dirty black colour, in some instances sun-burned at top to a reddish-brown. [The italics are mine.] Reed (Negritos of Zambales, p. 35).
Black, sometimes tinged with red. Haddon (Races of Man, &c., P. 9).
Dutch New Guinea dwarfs. Black. Rawling (Geographical Journal, vol. 38, p. 245).
The hair of some of the pygmies was decidedly dark brown. Statement made to me by Mr. Walter Goodfellow.
Hair of 3 men (out of 24) distinctly not black, a sort of dirty rusty brown or rusty black colour; all others black-haired. Extract supplied to me by Dr. Wollaston from his Diary.
Mafulu. Generally dark brown, often quite dark, approaching to black, and sometimes perhaps quite black. But frequently lighter, and often not what we in Europe should call dark.

I think that the above tables indicate that, though there are differences, there are elements of similarity between (i) the Mafulu people, (2) the Dutch New Guinea dwarfs, and (3) one or more of the Andamanese, Semang and Aetas; but in my comparison of the Mafulu and the dwarfs of Dutch New Guinea with the other previously known dwarf races I would specially draw attention to their similarity in shortness of stature and (as regards most of the Mafulu and a few of the Dutch New Guinea people) colour of hair; and this impels me to venture to say a few words on the larger question.

I have searched through much existing literature concerning the various hitherto discovered dwarf races of the world with reference to the question whether, even assuming that these people have an original primary ancestry from which the taller negroid races also are descended, they must be regarded as having become a related type, separate and distinct from the latter, as now existing, or whether they must all be treated as merely separate local variations, each of them having failed to develop, or retrograded, and in other respects become different in type from taller negroid races among or near to whom they are found. And I am struck by the fact that, though the natural tendency to local variation in stature, shape of head, colour and other matters is brought forward in support of the latter theory, no one seems, in connection with the general question, to have noted the fact that, whilst the hair colour of negroes, Papuans and Melanesians is black, the hair of all these various dwarf people seems to be predominantly brown, and that this variation explanation, if regarded as applying to these dwarf races separately and independently of one another, involves a remarkable coinciding double variation (in stature and predominant colour of hair) exhibited by all these dwarf people as compared with the taller negroids.

On the other hand, if there has been an original separation of descendants of common primary ancestors of all the negroid races, which, through variation, has resulted in two main types, one predominantly full-sized and always black-haired, and the other always short and predominantly brown-haired, and the pygmies (negritoes and negrilloes) are to be regarded as being all descendants of the latter type, who have since for some reason become geographically separated, there would appear to be nothing remarkable in the double variation.