In Grammar the only non-Melanesian characteristic which appears is the preceding of the substantive by the genitive, but in the vocabularies a few correspondences are found.

Bamboo Pokau, ileile; Fuyuge, ele; Afoa, ila. Sinaugoro, tobo; Korono, tobo. Kuni, bioni; Mekeo, piengi; Fuyuge, bione.
Big Kuni, galoa; Afoa, kalowo.
Bird Mekeo, inei; Afoa, kile; Oru Lopiko, ite.
Breast Pokau, pede; Oru Lopiko, apetei.
Chest Mekeo, olanga; Oru Lopiko, ulako.
Couch Kuni, itsifu; Tauata, itsifu.
Crocodile Roro, puaea; Kabadi, ua; Fuyuge, fua.
Dog Pokau, oveka; Kuni, ojame, obeka; Fuyuge, oi(e); Afoa, kovela.
Fork Kuni, ini; Tauata, ini.
Girdle Kuni, afafa; Tauata, afafe.
Hammock Kuni, totoe; Fuyuge, sosoe; Tauata, totolo; Oru Lopiko, totoki.
Head Mekeo, kangia; Oru Lopiko, kakuo.
Hill Mekeo, iku; Fuyuge, ku(me).
House Mekeo, ea; Fuyuge, e(me).
Knife Mekeo, aiva; Kuni, atsiva; Tauata, tiveya; Oru Lopiko, vetsi.
Many Kuni, talelea; Afoa, talele; Fuyuge, talele.
Rope Mekeo, ue; Korona, yu.
Spoon Kuni, nima; Tauata, dima.
Sweet Potato Kuni, gubea; Fuyuge, kupa, gupe; Afoa, gupe.
White Mekeo, foenga; Korona, foa.

But there are many apparently non-Melanesian words in Mekeo, Kuni and Pokau, which are different in each language, and cannot be traced to the neighbouring Papuan. The inference is that such words may be remnants of other Papuan tongues spoken in the St. Joseph and Aroa Basins, which have been absorbed by the immigrant Melanesian speech.

Only three Melanesian words in the list appear to have been adopted by the Papuans. These are: Tauata nau (pe), earthen dish, which is Kuni, Motu, Pokau, &c., nau; Fuyuge asi boat, Pokau and Motu asi; and Fuyuge bara, paddle, the Motu, Kabadi bara, Mekeo fanga, oar. The Fuyuge kokole fowl is also probably the Mekeo kokolo.


[1] British New Guinea Vocabularies. London: The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.

[2] A Comparative Vocabulary of the Dialects of British New Guinea. Compiled by Sidney H. Ray. London, 1895.

[3] Annual Report on British New Guinea. 1896–7, p. 13.

[4] Annual Report on British New Guinea. 1897–8, p. 35.

[5] British New Guinea. Annual Report for the Year ending 30th June, 1906. p. 93.