Beethoven

by Romain Rolland

Richard Wagner.—Beethoven. Leipzig, 1870.

Vincent d'Indy.—Beethoven. Paris, 1911.

BEETHOVEN'S PORTRAITS.

1789.—Silhouette of Beethoven at eighteen years. (Beethoven's house at Bonn; reproduced in Frimmel's Biography, page 16).

1791-2.—Miniature of Beethoven by Gerhard von Kügelgen. (In the possession of George Henschel, London; reproduced in "Musical Times" of December, 1892, page 8).

1801.—Drawing by G. Stainhauser, engraved by Johann Neidl. (Reproduced in "Les Musiciens," celebres by Felix Clement, 1878, page 267; Frimmel, page 28).

1802.—Engraving by Scheffner, after Stainhauser. (Beethoven's house at Bonn; reproduced in "Die Musik," of March 15th, 1902, page 1145).

1802.—Miniature of Beethoven, by Christian Hornemann. (In the possession of Madame de Breuning at Vienna; reproduced in Frimmel, page 31).

1805.—Portrait of Beethoven by W. J. Mahler. (In the possession of Robert Heimler, Vienna; reproduced in "Musical Times," December, 1892, page 7; "Frimmel," page 34).