Ascensional Difference.—This, added to its right ascension (A. R.) if it have south declination, but subtracted from it if it have north declination, gives its oblique ascension.
Application signifies the approach of two planets and is of three kinds: first, when a planet, swift of motion, applies to one of slower progress: for example, we will suppose Mercury posited in 16 degrees of the sign Gemini, and Mars in 21 degrees of the same sign (both being in direct motion), Mercury being swifter would overtake and form a conjunction with Mars, which is termed a direct application. The second kind of application is formed by two retrograde planets: thus we will suppose Mercury in 16 degrees of Gemini and Saturn in 15 degrees of the same sign, both retrograde. Mercury being the swiftest planet, applies to Saturn, a more ponderous planet, by retrogradation, and this is called a retrograde application. The third kind of application is when one planet, being direct in motion, meets another which is retrograde: for instance, we will suppose Mercury retrograde in 16 degrees of Gemini, and Saturn direct in motion in 12 degrees of the same sign; here Mercury, being the higher planet, applies to a conjunction of Saturn by a retrograde motion. These two last are considered evil applications. It should also be remembered that the superior planets, Saturn, Jupiter and Mars, never apply to the inferior planets, Venus, Mercury and the Moon, except by retrograde motion; but the inferior planets apply in both ways.
Besieging signifies a planet situated between the two malevolent planets, Saturn and Mars: thus, if Saturn were in the 12th degree of Aries, Jupiter in the 14th, and Mars in the 16th, Jupiter would then be besieged by the two malefic planets, Saturn and Mars. This is, of course, an evil position.
Cazimi.—A planet is said to be in cazimi when it is in the heart of the Sun: that is, only 17 minutes before or after the Sun. All astrologers agree that a planet is fortified by this position, but a planet when combust is very evil in its influences.
Direct motion signifies that a planet is moving on its natural course, according to the succession of the signs of the zodiac: thus a planet is direct in motion when it moves from Aries to Taurus, or from Taurus to Gemini.
Frustration means the approach of a swift planet to an aspect with one of slower motion; but before it can approach near enough to join that aspect the more weighty planet is joined to some other, by which the first aspect is frustrated.
Hayz is when a masculine diurnal planet is situated above the horizon in the daytime, or when a feminine nocturnal planet is placed below the horizon in the night-time; this is fortunate in its influence.
Node.—That part of the ecliptic where a planet passes out of north into south latitude is its south node; that where it goes into north latitude is its north node.
Oriental and Occidental.—A planet, when oriental, rises before the Sun; when occidental sets after him and is seen above the horizon when the Sun is down; consequently, when a planet is oriental it is posited in the east, and when occidental, in the west.
From the fourth house eastward to the tenth is oriental and from the tenth westward to the fourth is occidental. But