| C30H42O15N2S2 | + | H2O | = | C6H12O6 | + | C7H7O·NCS | + | C16H24O5N·HSO4. |
| Sinalbin | Glucose | Sinalbin mustard oil | Sinapin acid sulfate |
The sinalbin mustard oil may be represented by the formula
. Hydrolysis of the sinapin acid sulfate converts it into sinapinic acid, C6H2OH·(OCH3)2·CH=CH·COOH, choline, N(CH3)4C2H4OH (see [page 152]), and H2SO4. It is, therefore, a very complex glucoside.
TEE DIGITALIS GLUCOSIDES
The five, or more, glucosides which are present in the leaves and seeds of the foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) have been extensively studied, as they are the active principles in the various digitalis extracts which are used in medicine as a heart stimulant.
Digitoxin, C34H54O11, which is the most active of these glucosides in its physiological effects, when hydrolyzed, yields digitoxigenin, C22H32O4, and a sugar having the formula C6H12O4, which is known as "digitoxose" and is supposed to be a dimethyl tetrose.
Digitalin, C35H56O14, is also strongly active. When hydrolyzed, it yields digitaligenin, C22H10O3, glucose, and digitoxose.
Digitonin, C54H92O28, constitutes about one-half of the total glucosides in the extract which is obtained from most species of the digitalis plants. It is much less active than the others. It is a saponin (see [page 90]) in type. On hydrolysis, it yields 2 molecules of glucose, 2 of galactose, and one of digitogenin.
Gitonin, C49H80O23, containing 3 molecules of galactose, one of a pentose sugar, and one of gitogenin; and gitalin, C28H48O10, containing digitoxose and gitaligenin, have also been isolated from digitalis extracts.