2. The advantages of using machinery in manufacture.
a. Relative amount of work turned out.
b. Relative cost of work turned out.
c. Relative cleanliness of work turned out.
d. Relative uniformity of work turned out.
3. The number of working hours.
Some factories have made the experiment of reducing the number of working hours from ten to eight without reducing the wages of the workers. They have found that the quantity of work turned out is increased and the quality improved. Can you explain why?
4. The advantages of the profit-sharing plan, both for employer and for employee.
This is a plan by which a certain per cent of the profits of the business is divided annually among the employees. (See a very interesting article in System for March, 1911, or read Profit-sharing between Employer and Employee by N. P. Gilman.)
5. Specialized labor.
There was a time when a man made all the parts of a pair of shoes. Why in modern factories does he make only one part? Which system tends to make shoes of uniform workmanship? Is uniformity a good quality in manufacture? This principle applies to any kind of factory.
6. Special products.
Suppose that you manufactured a large number of styles of millinery, or novelty, footwear. Would you expect your profits on these to be larger or smaller than on your staple styles? Give reasons and illustrations.