The principles and practice of modern surgery

by Roswell Park

PLATE XLIII

FIG. 1.

FIG. 2.

Fig. 1. Compound Fracture of Cranium, with Depression; Fracture of Bones of Face; Extradural Clot from Rupture of Middle Meningeal Artery.

Fig. 2. Horizontal Section of same, showing Depressed Fracture of Bone. (Anger.)

C, extradural clot; D, laceration of brain substance, with extensive intracerebral clot; F, same condition produced by contrecoup. Punctate hemorrhages and minute lacerations at numerous points, characteristic of contusion of the brain.

1. By reducing the dimensions of its enclosing walls (e. g., depressed fractures or by direct pressure);

2. By increase in the quantity of cerebrospinal fluid or of the volume of the brain, which latter may be produced by edema, by serous exudate, or by actual hypertrophy;