Whale hunting with gun and camera / A naturalist's account of the modern shore-whaling industry, of whales and their habits, and of hunting experiences in various parts of the world

by Roy Chapman Andrews

Another interesting feeding adaptation is present in the throat of the whale. The nostrils, instead of opening into the back of the mouth, as in land mammals, are directly connected with the lungs by a prolongation of the “windpipe” called the epiglottis, which entirely shuts off the whale’s breathing passage from the mouth. Thus the animal can swallow its food beneath the surface without danger of strangulation through getting water into its lungs.

When whales lived upon the land external ears were necessary, but as they became completely aquatic such “sound collectors” were not only of no more use but highly undesirable, because, like the useless hind-limbs, they offered additional resistance to the water; therefore the external ears were lost, but their muscles still remain about the minute ear-orifices of the present-day Cetacea.

The internal modifications which the whales underwent as they assumed an aquatic existence are fully as remarkable as the external changes. In the section on osteology it has been explained how, in living cetaceans, the entire skeleton is loosely articulated so that great flexibility and freedom of movement is given to the body, how the neck is shortened and the vertebræ have become thin and closely packed together to support the large head, and how the breast bone is reduced and the ribs so loosely articulated to the vertebral column that the huge lungs have full power of expansion. All these are necessary modifications of the mammalian skeleton which have been caused by the change from a terrestrial to an aquatic existence.

The lungs of the Cetacea are unlobulated and of extraordinary size; the diaphragm, the muscular partition which separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity, is oblique, and the brain greatly convoluted and of a high type; the brain is especially notable for the loss of the olfactory, or smelling portions, which are of no use to an aquatic mammal.

Thus it is apparent in a review of only the most obvious changes what a wonderful example of adaptation to environment is furnished by the Cetacea.

INDEX

• Aate (Calanus finmarchius), [126]
• Acinomyx jubatus. See Cheetah
• Admiralty Island, Alaska, [4]
  • Tyee Company erected station on, [185]
• Aikawa, [91], [130], [143], [152], [235], [263]
• Airondo Maru, [105], [130]
• Akebono, [105]
• Alaska, [vii], [4], [5], [46], [59], [63], [64], [143], [148], [158], [175], [180], [230], [252]
• Alaska Whaling Company, [5]
• Albatross, U. S. S., [77], [78]
• Aleutian Islands, [5], [230]
• Allen, Doctor Glover M., [45]
• Allen, Doctor J. A., [vii]
• Amagansett, [253], [255]
• Ambergris, [225], [226], [227]
• America, Pacific Coast of, [185], [186]
• American Museum Journal, [viii]
• American Museum of Natural History, [vii]
  • skeletons of all the large Japanese cetaceans in, [viii]
  • trustees of, [viii], [230], [235], [255], [266]
• American West Coast whaling industry, [vii]
• American whaling ships, [189]
• Americans, [23]
• Andersen, Captain Y. E., [vii], [61], [92], [95], [100], [101], [102], [104], [105], [107], [108], [110], [111], [113], [114], [115], [117], [120], [121]
• Andrews, Yvette Borup, [vii]
• Antarctic circle, [304]
• Antarctic Ocean, [124], [184]
• Antwerp, [265]
• Aosaki (red blubber whale), [214]
• Apple Island, [269]
• Arctic Ocean, [186], [249], [263]
• Arctic Region, [184]
• Argentina, [9], [304]
• Arytenoid cartilages, [43]
• Atlantic finwhalers, [176]
• Atlantic Ocean, [183], [184], [304]
• Australia, [6], [169], [248], [265]
• Baffin Bay, [296]
• Balænopterinæ, [183]
• Balcom, Captain, [24], [25], [30]
• Baleen, [37], [69]
  • objects made of, [90], [158]
  • value of, [247], [248], [253]
• Baleen whales, food of, [67]
• Banks Land, [249]
• Barclay Sound, [4], [22], [24]
• Barnacles, [65], [66], [211], [248]
• Barneson, Captain John, [viii], [4]
• Barrel view from the crow’s nest, [26]
• Basques, [245]
• Bay City, Washington, [5]
• Bay of Biscay, [245], [296]
• Bay of Islands, [6]
• Beluga or white whale, [54]
• Berardius bairdi, [266]
• Bering Sea, [204], [220], [249], [301]
• Bering Strait, [249]
• Bernheimer, Mr. and Mrs. Charles L., [vii]
• Birds, [107], [109], [110]
• Black codfish (Polachius virens), [123]
• Blackfish, sometimes called pilot whale, [291]
• Blahval, Norwegian name for blue whale, [178]
• Blanket piece, [82]
• Blow, [47]
• Blowholes, [43]
  • adaptation to aquatic life, [44], [153]
  • elevation of, [45]
  • position of, [44], [153]
• Blowing, [43]
• Blubber, [35], [74], [149], [151], [152], [153], [208], [213], [214], [240], [261], [277], [302]
• Blue whale, [14], [19], [24], [39], [41], [57], [70], [150], [155], [178], [179], [180], [183], [185], [302], [305]
  • capture and delivery to station, [139], [140], [142], [143]
  • Millais’ interesting account of hunt of, [144]–147
  • photographing of and shooting at, [132]
• Blue whale, skeleton of, [75], [80], [91], [122], [127], [130]
  • vigorous attempt to capture, [133]
• Boiling vats, [11]
• Bomb, [12]
• Bomb harpoon, [3]
• Bonnaterre, Abbé, [245]
• Borneo, [vii]
• Bottlenose (Hyperoödon rostratum), [57], [72], [154]
  • habits and characteristics of, [262]
  • method of hunting, [258]–261
  • origin of name, [258]
  • where found, [263], [264]
• Bottlenose porpoise (Tursiops truncatus), [278], [282]
• Bowdoin, George S., [vii]
• Bowhead, [2], [221], [245], [247], [251], [296]
  • food of, [248]
  • grounds of, [249]
• Brazil, [9]
• Breach, [63]
• Breaching, [64]
• Breathing, [42]
• Breeding grounds, [202], [203]
• Breeding habits of all large whales, [72]
• Brett, Captain, [6]
• Bryde, John, [5]
• Bull, Captain, [300]
• Bumpus, Doctor Herman C., [vii]
• Bunk-houses, [11]
• Cabot, [146]
• Calanus finmarchius, Aate, [126]
• Calf, [69]
• Calf, enormous size at birth, [143]
• California, [202], [203]
  • coast of, [204]
• California gray whale, [72], [125], [178], [189], [190], [192], [195], [196], [197], [200], [201]
  • length when born, [73]
• California lagoons, [186], [189]
• Camera, [vii], [27], [30], [96], [97], [104], [113], [130]
  • important part of, in natural history, [55]
• Canadian North Pacific Fisheries, Ltd., [5]
• Canting winch, [35]
• Cape Beale, [25]
• Cape Good Hope, [183]
• Cape Hatteras, [239], [278], [280], [282], [290]
• Cape Horn, [183]
• Cape Ommaney, [5]
• Cape St. Mary, [146]
• Carcass platforms, [11], [36]
• Castberg, Captain, [176]
• Cetacea, [124]
• Cetaceans, [127], [149], [267]
  • color changes when dead, [17]
  • hair on, [212], [213], [214]
  • individual variation of, [17], [20]
  • physiology of, [59]
• Cheetah (Acinomyx jubatus), [127]
• Chili, [9]
• Chinese, [23]
• Christiania Bay, [1]
• Cinematograph, [100]
• Clark, James L., [255]
• Communicate, how whales, [60]
• Cook Brothers, [6], [89]
• Cope, Professor, [189]
• Copepod (Penella antarctica), [124]
• Coronula, [248]
• Coronula diadema, [212]
• Coryphæna, [267]
• Crew, [14]
• Crow’s nest, whales sighted from, [14]
• Cryptolepas rhachianectei (shell-like barnacles), [212]
• Cutters, [82]
• Cutting in, [20], [33], [34]
  • Japanese method of, [79]
• Cutting operations, [37]
• Cuttlefish, [226], [230]
• Cyamus, [248]
• Cyamus scammoni (whale lice), [212]
• Daito No. 2, whaleship, [130]
• Davis Strait, [245], [263], [296]
• Delphinidæ, [267]
• Delphinapterus leucas. See White porpoise
• Devilfish, [178], [189], [195], [204]
  • affection of, [208]
• Dinosaurs, [140]
• Dolphin, [151], [219], [223], [267]
• Dorsal fin, [153]
• Double-finned whale, [61], [62]
• Dryer, [11]
• Durban, [5]
• Dutch East Indies, [vii], [77]
• East Indies, Dutch, [vii]
• Eclipse, Captain David Gray’s schooner, [258]
• Edwards, Captain Josh, [255]
• Engine house, [11]
• England, [9], [265]
• Epiglottis, [44]
• Eskimos, [251], [252], [253]
• Eubalæna glacialis. See Right whale
• Euphausia inermis, [67], [126], [301]
• Fagan, D. W. O., quoted, [8]
• Falkland Islands, [9], [123], [230], [304]
• Fanshaw, Cape, [47]
• Faroe Islands, [9], [263], [291]
• Feed, [47]
• Feeding, [50]
• Feeding operations, [68]
• Fertilizer, [36], [37], [88]
• Finback, [19], [24], [39], [46], [55], [56], [57], [59], [61], [62], [70], [91], [122], [127], [129], [143], [158], [160], [164], [166], [169], [172], [173], [175], [176], [178], [179], [180], [183], [185], [223], [305], [306]
  • Millais’ description of killing, [181], [182]
• Finland, [296]
• Finmark, [3], [122], [263]
  • accident off coast of, [72]
• Finners, [2]
• Fins, [148], [149]
• Fin whale, [2], [3], [143], [153], [223], [297], [304]
  • mating and pairing of, [73]
  • small fish eaten by, [69]
  • value of baleen of, [37]
• Flensing knives, [81]
• Flensing slip, [11], [36]
• Flippers, [35], [149]
• Floating factories, [9]
  • development of, [301], [302]
• Flukes, [148]
• Food, [11]
• Formosa, [77]
• Foyn, Svend, inventor of harpoon-gun, [1], [2], [16]
  • best years of (1871–1880), [3]
• Frederick Sound, [4], [46], [59]
• French Antarctic Expedition, [124]
• Fukushima, [105]
• Fur seal, [204], [208]
• Fusan, [191]
• Galapagos Islands, [9]
• Globicephalus brachypterus, [295]
• Globicephalus melas, [291]
• Globicephalus scammoni, [295]
• Glue, [37]
• Gracia, whaling ship sunk by a finner, [176]
• Grahame, Captain Charles, [46], [58], [59], [158], [168], [169], [173]
• Grampus, [220]
• Grampus griseus, [221]
• Gray, Captain David, [258], [259], [262]
• Gray whale, [198], [199]
  • diseases of, [210], [212], [214], [305]
  • food of, [207]
  • migration of, [202]
  • period of gestation of, [204]
• Great Britain, [304]
• Great Dismal Swamp Canal, [283]
• Greenland, [9], [240], [263], [296]
• Greenland right whale, [245], [247]
• Grind, [291], [292], [294]
• Guano, [37]
• Guldberg, Dr. G. A., [262]
• Gunner, [14], [16]
• Hakata, [190]
• Hansen, Captain, [109]
• Harpoon, [12], [14]
• Harpoon-gun, [2], [11], [16], [26]
  • charge of, [12]
  • weight of, [12]
• Hebrides, [9]
• Hermitage Bay, Newfoundland, [69], [146]
• Herschel Island, [253]
• Hibberd, Captain I. N., [viii], [4]
• Hogei Maru No. 5, [92]
• Hudson Bay, [249]
• Humpback, [19], [24], [27], [33], [38], [39], [44], [46], [48], [50], [52], [54], [55], [56], [57], [60], [63]
  • amorous antics in mating season, [66]
  • baby, [73]
  • caught in wire nets, [6]
  • danger from lancing, [70]
  • dive of, [29]
  • great affection of, [69], [71], [72]
  • habits of, [59]
  • period of gestation, [73], [87], [130], [148], [149], [152], [158], [167], [168], [185], [232], [305]
  • photograph of, breaching, [64]
  • playful disposition of, [66]
• Hurum, Captain, [60], [197], [199]
• Huxley, Leonard, [218]
• Hyperoödon rostratum. See Bottlenose
• Iceland, [3], [263], [296]
• Ikeda, Mr., [79]
• Indians, [23]
• Indians, Siwash, [186]
• Individual variation, [17], [20]
• Inland Sea, [79]
• Isafjord, [72]
• Island Empire, cutting operations at, [37]
• Italian hemp, tested for a breaking point of eighteen tons, [14]
• Iwashi kujira. See Sardine whale
• Jacobsen, Captain Reidar, [130]
• Japan, [5], [14], [37], [57], [61], [64], [79], [123], [152], [189], [220], [230], [235], [249], [253], [263], [266], [302]
  • use of whales for food in, [304], [305]
  • whaling banks of, [77]
• Japan Sea, [190]
• Japanese Empire, [5], [35], [178], [214]
  • coast of, [5], [57], [58]
  • stations in, [79]
• Jarfjord, [3], [176]
• Johanessen, Hans, mate of the Puma, [144]
• Johnson, Captain, [197], [200]
• Kamaishi, [130]
• Kay Verde Islands, [239]
• Kerguelen Islands, [9], [142], [304]
• Killer whale, [197], [218], [220], [221], [222], [223], [261], [263], [267], [289], [295]
  • food of, [219]
  • strength and ferocity of, witnessed by Captain Scott, [215]
• Kinka-San, [104], [121]
• Kirkeö, site of first factory for converting whale flesh into guano, [3]
• Kirkwood, ship, [156]
• Kishimoto, [79]
• Koku kujira or devilfish, [108], [189], [190], [196]
• Korea, [57], [178], [189], [190], [191], [202], [206], [208], [210], [220], [221]
  • coast of, [204]
• Koreans, [193], [194], [195]
  • dress of, [192]
• Kronprinz Wilhelm, [39]
• Kyuquot, [4], [24], [153]
• Labrador, [144], [263], [301]
  • coast of, [143]
• Lagenorhynchus obliquidens. See Porpoise
• Larsen, Captain, [19], [130]
• Leopard, African hunting, [127]
• Line, harpoon, [14]
• Liouville, Doctor, [124]
• Lobtail, [38]
• Lobtailing, [65]
• Lucas, Doctor Frederic A., [vii], [75], [142]
  • extract from “The Passing of the Whale,” by, [298]–300
  • weighing and measuring of blue whale by, [140]
• Layard’s whale (Mesoplodon layardi), [264]
• Machine for drying the flesh, [11]
• Magdalena Bay, [209]
• Main, Captain Melsom’s ship, [195], [201]
• “Mammals of Great Britain and Ireland, The,” by J. G. Millais, extracts from, [70], [146], [176], [182]
• Manager’s house, [11]
• Manatee. See Sea cow
• “Marine Mammalia, The,” by Scammon, [196]
• Marsouin blanc, [269]
• Mast, [14]
• Matsumoto, Mr., [195]
• Maury, Lieut., [184], [256]
• McGrath, R. T., [298]
• McMurdo Strait, [220]
• Megapteras, [66]
• Melsom, Captain H. G., [vii], [60], [70], [146], [195], [199], [201], [208], [263]
  • blue whale killed by, at Ulsan, Korea, [57]
• Mesoplodon densirostris, specimen of, found on New Jersey coast, [265]
• Mesoplodon grayi, [264]
• Mesoplodon layardi (Layard’s whale), [264]
• Metropolitan, [viii]
• Mexico, Norwegian firm built station on Pacific coast of, [5], [301]
• Milk, taste and appearance of, [73], [74], [75]
• Milk glands, [74]
• Millais, J. G., quoted, [69], [70], [71], [72], [144], [145], [146], [176], [180], [181], [182]
• Minerva, whaling steamer, [72]
• Montana, [140]
• Motion-picture film, [100], [101]
• Müller, Mr., [264]
• Murderer’s Cove, [4], [46]
• Mystacoceti. See Whalebone whales
• Nagasaki, [77]
• Nannaimo, Vancouver Island, Pacific Whaling Company erected a station at, [185]
• Narwhal, [269], [276]
• National Geographic Magazine, [viii]
• Naturalist, [16], [19], [20], [54]
• Ne Taihei, [104]
• Nets, for catching whales, [6]
• New Bedford, Mass., [1], [2], [16], [239], [278]
• New Bedford whalers, [238]
• New England states, [1]
• Newfoundland, [4], [5], [23], [24], [45], [75], [140], [144], [146], [178], [196], [297], [301]
• Newfoundland fishery, [298]
• New York, [91], [295]
• New York Aquarium, [218], [278]
• New York Zoölogical Society, [278], [280]
• New Zealand, [6], [89], [140], [265]
• Nilsen, Captain, [69], [146]
• North Atlantic Ocean, [123], [124], [263], [291], [295]
• North Atlantic right whale, [245], [296]
• North Cape, [3], [176]
• Norway, [1], [3], [5], [9], [24], [126], [147], [258], [304]
• Norwegian captains, authentic instances related by, [72]
• Norwegian fishermen, relation to whaling, [3]
• Norwegian gunner, [14]
• Norwegian whalers, [4]
• Norwegians, [5], [16], [23], [24], [75], [122], [143], [181], [210], [258]
• Nostrils, [44], [55]
• Nova Zembla, [263]
• Nursing of whales, [74]
• Nye, Joseph K., owner of porpoise fishery at New Bedford, Mass., [278]
• Odontoceti, [67]
• Offices, [11]
• Ogiwara, D., [viii]
• Ohlin, Axel, [259]
• Okhotsk Sea, [203], [249]
• Olsen, Captain Fred, [vii], [105], [129], [130], [132], [133], [135], [136], [137], [138], [230], [238], [263]
• Orca gladiator, [289]
• Orca or killer whale, enemy of other whales, [197], [199], [200], [201], [219], [220], [221], [223], [261]
• Oriental Whaling Company, Ltd., [78]
• Orion, [24], [25], [30], [33], [38]
• Osaka, [viii], [5], [121]
• Osborn, Henry Fairfield, [viii]
• Oshima, [80], [91], [152]
• Outing, [viii]
• Pacific coast of America, [4], [64]
  • of Mexico, [5]
• Pacific Ocean, [124], [142], [183], [184], [202], [263], [264], [295], [301], [304]
• Pacific Steam Whaling Company, [252]
• Pacific Whaling Company, Victoria, B. C, [vii], [4], [5], [22], [185]
• Pamlico Sound, [283], [290]
• Pan, [14], [27]
• Parasite, [66]
  • discovery of, [124]
• “Passing of the Whale,” extract from Zoölogical Society Bulletin, [298]–300
• Penella antarctica, parasite, description of scar made by, [124]
• Petersen, Captain John, [72]
• Photographic negatives, developing of, [54]
• Placentia, [145]
• Plymouth, ship, [155]
• Pod, [17]
• Point Barrow, Alaska, [249], [252], [253]
• Polachius virens. See Black codfish
• Porpoise fishery, [278]
• “Porpoise in Captivity, The,” by Charles H. Townsend, [280]
• Porpoise oil, [269]
• Porpoise, white, [56], [77]
• Porpoises, [151], [267]
  • hide of, [154]
  • school of, [58], [137]
• Pram, [69], [71], [72]
• Pregnant whales, [74]
• Pribilof Islands, [208]
• Puma, whale steamer, [144], [145]
• Quinton, J. H., [vii], [23]
• Red shrimp, [67], [126]
• Rekkusu Maru, [105], [129], [130]
• Revenue from shore whaling, [2]
• Rex Maru, [200]
• Right whale, [2], [143], [145], [184], [253]
  • food of, [248]
  • origin of name, [245]
  • skeleton and baleen of, in American Museum, [255]
• Rocovitza, [59]
• Rolls, Mr., [23]
• Rope, five-inch, [12], [14], [27]
• Rope-pan, [26]
• Ruck, Sidney C., [vii]
• Russian industry, [5]
• Russian-Japanese War, [5]
• St. Lawrence River, [56], [77], [269]
• St. Lawrence, whaler, [19], [69], [130]
• Saldanha Bay, [6]
• San Francisco, [249]
• San Hogei, [105], [109]
• Sandefjord, [5]
• Sardine whale (Iwashi kujira), [91], [94], [123]
• Sardines, [110]
• Scammon, Charles M., quoted, [66], [154], [196], [203], [204]–206, [208], [209], [212], [221]
• Scandinavians, [16]
• School, [17]
• Scientist, [18]
• Scotland, [9]
• Scott, Captain Robert F., quoted, [215], [217], [218]
• Sea cow or manatee, [213]
• Sea leopard, [220]
• Seals, [213]
• Seattle, [249]
• Sechart, [4], [22], [24], [33], [73], [74]
  • cutting operations at, [37]
• Sei whale, [91], [104], [105], [120], [125], [127], [185], [305]
  • food of, [126]
  • habits of, [123]
  • migrations of, [124]
  • origin of name, [122]
  • parasite on body of, [124]
  • speed of, [97]
• Seje, [122]
• Sharps, [117], [118], [119], [121]
• Shetlands, [9], [146]
• Sherwood, George H., [vii]
• Shimonoseki, [viii], [78], [91]
• Shiro-nagasu, [130], [178]
• Shiro-nagasu kujira, [80]
• Shirosaki (white blubber whale), [214]
• Shore stations, [9], [20]
• Shore whaling, [19]
  • development of, [1]
  • operations of Japanese and Russians in, [5]
  • plea for proper legislation of, [305], [306]
  • revenue from, [2]
• Shrimps, [68], [69], [301]
• Siberia, coast of, [5], [146]
• Siwash Indians, [186]
• Sleep, where whales, [60]
• Slicing machine, [35]
• Slip, [20]
• Slocum, Victor, quoted, [240]–244
• Smithsonian Institution, [219]
• Soft palate, [44]
• Sorenson, the gunner, [50], [52], [53], [63], [161], [164], [168], [171], [172]
• Sorenson, wooden whale ship, sunk by a finback, [175]
• Sound produced by blowing, [55]
• Sounded, [63]
• Sounding, [39]
• South Africa, [5], [123]
• South America, [9], [249]
• South Atlantic grounds, [9]
• South Atlantic Ocean, [11], [124], [142], [302], [304]
• South Georgia Islands, [9], [142]
  • as whaling center, [302], [304]
• South Orkneys, [9], [304]
• South Sea Islands, [90]
• South Shetland Islands, [123], [304]
• Spain, [296]
• Spes et Fides, ship, [3]
• Sperm whale, [2], [67], [77], [91], [94], [95], [143], [177], [184], [223], [224], [225], [227], [228], [229], [230], [232], [238], [239], [261], [263], [265]
  • killed in Japan for the American Museum, [235]
• Spermaceti, [225], [261]
• Spitzbergen, [9], [263], [296]
• Spout, [45], [55], [56]
  • height and density of the, [44]
• Spouting, [43], [50], [55]
  • number of times of, by humpback, [56]
• Squid, [226], [230]
• Steam whalers, effect of development of, in capture of finners, [2]
• Steller’s sea lions, [219]
• Stillman, Doctor J. D. B., quoted, [155], [156], [157]
• Stokken, Captain, [181]
• Storm Island, [48]
• Störthing, prohibited shore whaling in 1903, [4]
• Straits of Juan de Fuca, [25]
• Street, V. H., [vii]
• Sub-Antarctic Islands, [9]
• Sulphurbottom or blue whale, [155], [157], [178]
• Swedish iron, [12]
• Swordfish, [222], [223]
• Tadoussac, [269], [277]
• Takamatsu, Japanese name for killer, [220]
• Tasmania, [6]
• Teats, [73], [74]
• Tees, [22]
• Thresher, [220], [222]
• Tokyo, [91]
• Tokyo Bay, [266]
• Tongue, [68]
• Tønsberg, [1], [2], [16]
• Toothed whales (Odontoceti), [67]
• Towing line, [27]
• Townsend, Charles H., [218], [279]
  • experience of, on Pribilof Islands, [218], [219]
  • quoted, [280]–290
• Toyo Hogei Kabushiki Kaisha, president and directors of, [viii], [5], [78], [90], [190]
• Trachea or windpipe, [44]
• Trying out vats, [35]
• Tursiops truncatus. See Bottlenose porpoise
• Twins, [74]
• Tyee, Alaska, [46]
• Tyee, Captain Charles Grahame’s ship, [46], [158]
• Tyee Company of Alaska, [4], [5], [175], [185]
• Ulsan, Korea, [57], [60], [190], [192], [195], [197], [200], [202], [207], [208], [210]
• Unimak Pass, [5]
• United States National Museum, [75]
• United States Whaling Company, [5]
• Vadso, [176]
• Vancouver, factories of Canadian North Pacific Fisheries, Ltd., at, [5]
• Vancouver Island, [4], [19], [22], [46], [130], [185], [220]
• Varangerfjord, [3], [176]
• Vardö, [3]
• Victoria, B. C., [4]
• Vocal organs, [55]
• Voice, [55]
• Wads, [12]
• Wainscott, L. I., [256]
• Walrus, [213], [221]
• Wangamumu, [6]
• Weddell seal, [220]
• Whale lice, [211], [212], [248]
• Whale oil, [151]
• Whalebone, [2], [37]
  • growth, composition, shape, bristles, use, development of, [67], [143], [248]
• Whalebone plates, bristles on inner side of, [69]
• Whalebone whales (Mystacoceti), [67]
• Whales, breeding habits of, [72]
  • carcass used for human consumption, [5]
  • depth of diving, [41]
  • description of cutting, [240]
  • double-finned, [61], [62]
  • early extinction of, [21]
  • food of, [67]
  • inflating, [32], [33]
  • influence of, upon fishing, [4]
  • investigations, distribution, life history, relationship of, [20]
  • manner of swimming, [148]
  • meat of, [77]
    • canning of, [89]
    • chemical analysis of, [88]
    • for eating purposes, [86]
    • price of, [87]
    • taste of, [88]
  • methods of studying, [19]
  • milking, [75]
  • movements of, [67]
  • nets for catching, [6]
  • number taken during a season, [19]
• Whales, scientific study of, [17]
  • spouting of, [43]
  • time below the surface, [56]
  • with two dorsal fins, [61]
  • young of, number of, at a birth, [74]
    • nursing of, [74]
• Whales, Asiatic, [viii]
• Whaling, beginning of, [245]
  • great part persistency plays in, [136]
  • new era of, [16]
• Whaling companies, assistance of, to scientists, [20]
• Whaling grounds, greatest of modern times, [9]
• Whaling ships, [11]
• Whaling stations, [11]
• Wharf, [11]
• White porpoise (Delphinapterus leucas), [56], [269]
• White whale or beluga, [154]
• Wilson, Doctor, quoted, [220]
• Winch, [14], [32], [34], [134]
• Windpipe or trachea, [44]
• World’s Work, [viii]
• Wrangle Island, [249]
• Wyoming, [140]
• Ziphiidæ, [264]
• Ziphioids, [258], [265]

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. Silently corrected obvious typographical errors and variations in spelling.
2. Retained archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings as printed.
3. Re-indexed footnotes using numbers.