About the shoals at the mouth of one of the lagoons, in 1860, we saw large numbers of the monsters. It was at the low stage of the tide, and the shoal places were plainly marked by the constantly foaming breakers. To our surprise we saw many of the whales going through the surf where the depth of water was barely sufficient to float them. We could discern in many places, by the white sand that came to the surface, that they must be near or touching the bottom.

One in particular lay for half an hour in the breakers, playing, as seals often do in a heavy surf; turning from side to side with half extended fins, and moved apparently by the ground-swell which was breaking; at times making a playful spring with its bending flukes, throwing its body clear of the water, coming down with a heavy splash, then making two or three spouts, and again settling under water; perhaps the next moment its head would appear, and with the heavy swell the animal would roll over in a listless manner, to all appearances enjoying the sport intensely. We passed close to this sportive animal, and had only thirteen feet of water.[[9]]

[9]. (l. c., p. 24.)

Often, when being hunted, the Korean whales would swim into water so shallow that the ships could not follow, and remain there until the men had given up the chase.

CHAPTER XVII
SOME HABITS OF THE GRAY WHALE

Although the stomachs of a great number of gray whales were carefully examined, I could never discover what constitutes their food, and no one else seems to have had better success. In every case the stomach was more or less filled with dark green water in which the only solid materials were bits of kelp, a little seaweed, and small masses of light green gelatinous material.

The stomachs of two individuals contained a number of waterworn pebbles and several small pieces of what appeared to be finely shredded flesh still connected by its fibers; this certainly was not fish. It is probable that the kelp, seaweed, and pebbles had been taken in with other material and were not swallowed intentionally.

All the gunners assert that when the gray whales appear at Ulsan on their migrations they are invariably traveling straight ahead and apparently not stopping to feed. This information, combined with the fact that little except water could be found in the stomachs, lends strong support to the theory that when upon their annual migrations the devilfish do not feed at all, and during the winter draw for nourishment upon the fat of their thick blubber. This is true of the fur seal during the breeding season, and of other water mammals. When the male fur seals arrive upon the “rookeries” at the Pribilof Islands to await the coming of the females, their bodies are covered with layer upon layer of fat. During the following four months the bulls do not leave the land and neither eat, drink nor sleep while they guard their harems, subsisting upon the fat which has been stored up on their bodies. When the animals leave in the fall to spend the winter at sea, they have become so thin through their self-enforced fasting that they are mere skeletons of their former well-fed selves.

Scammon says that in the spring the blubber of the devilfish is dry and yields but comparatively little oil, as would be the case if the animals had fasted during the winter. I have no personal information as to this because in Korea these whales are not killed on their northward migrations. So many other and more valuable species can be taken during the spring that the devilfish are allowed to depart unmolested. If they do feed while on their migrations, the food in their stomachs would certainly have been discovered when the animals were cut in at the stations.

The male devilfish at all times shows strong affection for the female, and when a school of males, led by one or two females, is found, if one of the latter is wounded, often the bulls refuse to leave until the cow is dead.