MODERN PHYSICAL SCIENCE; SOURCES AND COMMENTARY. By Frederick Barry, Ph.D., Instructor in Chemistry in Columbia University.

THE RISE OF RATIONALISM IN ENGLAND.

SOCIAL HISTORY OF MODERN ENGLAND. By James T. Shotwell.

THE EXPANSION OF EUROPE. By William R. Shepherd, Ph.D., Professor of History in Columbia University.

REPRISALS IN THE HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW. By Ellery C. Stowell, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of International Law in Columbia University.

Transcriber’s Note:

Words, particularly proper nouns, may have multiple spelling variations or inconsistent hyphenation in the text. These were left unchanged, as were obsolete and alternative spellings. Two misspelled words were corrected, noted below.

Footnotes were renumbered sequentially and were moved to the end of the chapter. Endnotes are treated as footnotes; alphabetical anchors and links were added. Final stops missing at the end of sentences and abbreviations were added.

Captions to genealogical charts are presented as descendant lists.