1. Seventh, when the pipes are properly fitted, moisten the tips of the fingers with paste and rub the paste on parts of pipe marked "paste." Put the pipe aside to allow the paste to dry.
  2. Eighth, put the soldering iron on to heat.
  3. Ninth, with the shave hook scrape off the paste and surface dirt as shown in the figure. The inside of the cup will look bright, but must be scraped.
  4. Tenth, place the two pieces into position as shown in [Fig. 16], sprinkle rosin on the joint, melt a few drops of solder on the joint and with the iron melt the solder on the joint, drawing the iron around the pipe keeping the solder melted around the iron all the time.
  5. Eleventh, fill the joint with solder and continue to draw the hot iron around the joint until a smooth and bright surface is obtained. To master the correct use of the soldering iron in this work, considerable practice will be necessary.

Overcast Joints.—([Fig. 17].)

Note.—Each operation must be performed thoroughly.

  1. First, saw off from a coil of 11⁄2-inch D lead pipe a 10-inch piece of pipe.
  2. Second, square the ends with the rasp, as previously explained.
  3. Third, take a 11⁄2-inch drift plug and drive through the pipe ([Fig. 18]).
  4. Fourth, saw the pipe into two pieces of 5 inches each.
  5. Fifth, square the ends of the pipe with the rasp.
  6. Sixth, rasp off the outside edge of one end of the pipe as shown.
  7. Seventh, rasp off the inside edge of one end of the pipe.
  8. Eighth, finish rasped surfaces with a file. Both surfaces should have the same angle.

Fig. 17.

Fig. 18.

Fig. 19.—Overcast joint.
  1. Ninth, with a shave hook scrape the outside surface of each pipe for about 1 inch from the end.
  2. Tenth, put the soldering iron on to heat.
  3. Eleventh, paste paper on the joint as shown in the cut.
  4. Twelfth, fit the pieces together and lay on the bench. Drop some melted solder on the joint and with the hot iron proceed to flow the solder around the joint by turning the pipe. Use plenty of flux (rosin). The pipes must be tacked in three or four places at first or they will have a tendency to spread.
  5. Thirteenth, to finish the joint, lift the iron straight up.

This joint when finished will have a bright smooth finish. The two foregoing joints need considerable practice and should be perfectly mastered before going on to the next job.

SEAMS