Table II. Egyptian Group.
No. in Cat. | Plate. | Longitud. Diam. | Parietal Diam. | Frontal Diam. | Vertical Diam. | Inter-mastoid Arch. | Inter-mastoid Line. | Occipito-Frontal Arch. | Horizontal Periphery. | |
| Thebes, | 857 | VII., 3. | 7. | 5. | 4. | 5.3 | 14.6 | 3.8 | 14.9 | 19.6 |
| Thebes, | 849 | 7.1 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 14.8 | 3.9 | 14.6 | 20.1 | |
| Thebes, | 860 | VI., 1. | 7. | 5.4 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 14.7 | 4. | 14.2 | 20. |
| Thebes, | 848 | VII., 4. | 7.1 | 5.2 | 4.1 | 5. | 14.2 | 3.7 | 15. | 20. |
| Thebes, | 847 | VII., 5. | 6.8 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 5. | 13.5 | 4. | 13.9 | 18.8 |
| Thebes, | 851 | VII., 1. | 7. | 5.3 | 4.5 | 5. | 14. | 4. | 14. | 19.7 |
| Thebes, | 853 | 7.5 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 5. | 15.5 | 4.1 | 15. | 20.7 | |
| Abydos, | 820 | V., 2. | 7.5 | 5.5 | 4. | 5.5 | 15.2 | 3.9 | 15.7 | 20.9 |
| Abydos, | 819 | V., 1. | 7.3 | 5.3 | 4. | 5. | 14.6 | 4. | 14.6 | 19.8 |
| Memphis, | 806 | II., 4. | 6.6 | 5.9 | 4. | 4.8 | 14.6 | 4.2 | 13.6 | 19.7 |
| Memphis, | 811 | III., 1. | 6.9 | 5.5 | 4. | 4.8 | 14.5 | 3.7 | 14.4 | 19.5 |
| Memphis, | 809 | III., 2. | 7.3 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 14.3 | 3.9 | 14.5 | 20.6 |
| Memphis, | 795 | 7. | 5.3 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 14.9 | 3.9 | 14.4 | 19.5 | |
| Memphis, | 796 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 14.3 | 3.9 | 13.9 | 19.5 | |
| Memphis, | 797 | 6.8 | 5.2 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 14.5 | 4. | 14.2 | 19.4 | |
| Debod, | 827 | XII., 9. | 7.3 | 5.2 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 13.7 | 4.2 | 14.9 | 20.5 |
| Debod, | 826 | XIII. | 7. | 5.1? | 4. | 5.4 | 14. | 4. | 14.5 | 19. |
| Debod, | 829 | XII., 8. | 7. | 5.1 | 4.3 | 5. | 13.7 | 3.6 | 13.7 | 19.5 |
| Thebes, | 867 | VIII., 8. | 7.8 | 5.4 | 4.3 | 5.5 | 15. | 4.3 | 15.5 | 21.4 |
| Thebes, | 861 | VII., 2. | 7.3 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 14.7 | 4.2 | 15.2 | 20.3 |
| Memphis, | 810 | II., 6. | 7.2 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 14.7 | 3.8 | 15.2 | 20.7 |
| Thebes, | 889 | VI., 7. | 7.5 | 5.2 | 4.4 | 5.8 | 14.4 | 4.3 | 15.2 | 20.5 |
| Ombos, | 832 | XII., 5. | 7.4 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 5. | 15. | 4.2 | 14.9 | 20.5 |
| Highest in the series, | 7.8 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 15.5 | 4.3 | 15.7 | 21.4 | ||
| Mean, | 7.15 | 5.32 | 4.21 | 5.14 | 14.5 | 4. | 14.6 | 20.1 | ||
| Lowest in the series, | 6.6 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 13.5 | 3.6 | 13.6 | 18.8 | ||
Table III. Negroid Group.
| No. in Cat. | Page or Plate | Longitud. Diam. | Parietal Diam. | Frontal Diam. | Vertical Diam. | Inter-mastoid Arch. Line | Occipito-Frontal Arch. | Horizontal Periphery. | ||
| Thebes, | 864 | Page 17, | 7. | 5.1 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 14.4 | 3.3 | 14.6 | 19.6 |
| Thebes, | 885 | " " | 7. | 5.5 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 14.4 | 3.5 | 14.8 | 19.7 |
| Thebes, | 858 | " " | 7.4 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 5. | 14.6 | 4.4 | 14.6 | 20.5 |
| Thebes, | 852 | " " | 7.2 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 14. | 4.3 | 14.3 | 19.5 |
| Thebes, | 869 | " " | 7.4 | 5.4 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 13.9 | 4.3 | 15.5 | 20. |
| Maabdeh, | 834 | IV., 2 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 13.8 | 4. | 13.8 | 18.7 |
| Mean, | 7.05 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 6.2 | 14.2 | 4. | 14.6 | 19.6 | ||
These measurements, it must be confessed, possess merely an isolated interest until they can be compared with those derived from the other races of men.[[25]] Meanwhile I give them as I find them, and in the hope of being able to institute the desired comparisons on some future occasion.
Stature.—Mr. Pettigrew’s measurements seem to prove, what the size of the head also indicates, that the Egyptians were of the middle stature. He met with no instance which, even enveloped in its bandages, would measure more than five feet six inches. Perhaps, however, sufficient allowance has not been made for the contraction of the joints, and especially of the intervertebral substance, which in a state of complete desiccation, would diminish the length of the body at least two inches. In the year 1833, I purchased of the heirs of the late Senior Lébolo, a dilapidated mummy from Thebes, of which I prepared the skeleton, now preserved in the Anatomical Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. It measures about five feet ten inches, and is in every respect beautifully developed excepting the cranium, which is small in proportion and of indifferent conformation.[[26]]
Age.—It is a familiar fact that the mummies of children are rarely found in the Egyptian catacombs, at least in comparison with those of adults; a circumstance which has not been satisfactorily explained.
Champollion Figeac observes that the Egyptians were a long-lived people, as proved by their funereal inscriptions which frequently speak of the dead as having passed the age of fourscore years; a remark which derives some confirmation from the following table, wherein the crania in my possession are proximately classed according to their respective ages:—
| From one year old to five, | 3 |
| From five to ten, | 5 |
| From ten to fifteen, | 4 |
| From fifteen to twenty, | 9 |
| From twenty to thirty, | 27 |
| From thirty to forty, | 25 |
| From forty to fifty, | 18 |
| From fifty to sixty, | 2 |
| From sixty to seventy, | 2 |
| From seventy to eighty, | 3 |
| From eighty to ninety, | 2 |
| —— | |
| 100 |
Having thus identified, in the catacombs, the remains of the various people who constituted the Nilotic family, we proceed in the next place to trace them on the monuments of Egypt and Nubia; and as the value of this comparison must depend on the fidelity of the artists who have copied the paintings and bas-reliefs, we shall derive the following illustrations, with one or two exceptions, from the admirable works of Champollion, Rosellini, and Hoskins.