[56] Out of a total of 505,078 Russian immigrants from 1886 to 1898, the Russian Jewish immigrants constituted 315,355, or 62 per cent.
[57] In calculating the number of Jewish immigrants from Austria-Hungary the percentage the Jewish immigration was of the total immigration from Austria-Hungary from 1886 to 1910 and not, as in the case with the Jewish immigration from Russia, from 1886 to 1898, was used through an oversight as the basis for calculation. As the immigration of Jews from Austria-Hungary for 1885 at the port of New York alone constituted 14 per cent of the total immigration from Austria-Hungary, this figure was put down in toto, being a higher number than the one obtained by calculation. As the Jewish immigration from 1886 to 1910 constituted 9 per cent of the total immigration from Austria-Hungary and the immigration from 1886 to 1898 constituted 14 per cent of the total immigration, the difference is not large. Following is the table indicating the difference for each year from 1881 to 1884.
| Year. | Total immigration. | Jewish immigration. | Difference. | |
| at 14 per cent | at 9 per cent | |||
| 1881 | 27935 | 3882 | 2537 | 1345 |
| 1882 | 29150 | 4051 | 2648 | 1403 |
| 1883 | 27625 | 3840 | 2510 | 1330 |
| 1884 | 36571 | 5083 | 3340 | 1743 |
The increased numbers from the higher percentage involve no change in the relative position of Jewish immigration from the three principal countries of emigration, except in 1881, when the Jewish immigration from Austria-Hungary would have exceeded that from Russia.
[58] Jewish Encyclopedia: "Migration," vol. viii, p. 584. Ibid., "Russia"—Emigration, vol. x, p. 547.
[59] Ruppin uses these figures in Die Sozialen Verhältnisse der Juden in Russland, p. 11.
Hersch, (Le juif errant d'aujourd'hui), subjects the figures given in the Jewish Encyclopedia to a thorough analysis and shows their absurdity. Unaware, however, of the nature of the error committed by the writer and of the existence of authoritative sources for the figures of Jewish immigration, he drew the conclusion that it is impossible to obtain any really accurate figures of Jewish immigration before 1899. This leads him into serious errors owing to the fact that he discusses the movement of Jewish immigration from the basis of the twelve years from 1899 to 1910, representing the height of the movement, instead of for the entire period of thirty years. This vitiates his principal conclusions regarding the character of the Jewish movement to this country. Particularly noticeable is his neglect of the phenomena presented by the Russian and Roumanian movements and his elevation of the movement from Austria-Hungary as the type of Jewish immigration to this country.