Armour as worn in the reign of Henry VIII.: from the brass of John Lymsey, 1545, in Hackney Church.
Margaret, wife of John Lymsey: from her brass in Hackney Church, showing the costume of a lady circa 1545.
25. The Litany and the Primer. 1544-1545.—In 1544, when Henry was besieging Boulogne, Cranmer ordered prayers to be offered for his success. In the true spirit of the Renascence he wished these prayers to be intelligible, and directed that they should be in English. In the same year he composed the English Litany, intended to be recited by priests and people going in procession. This Litany was the foundation-stone of the future Book of Common Prayer. It was issued in 1544 together with a Primer, or book of private prayer, also in English. In the public services the Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Ten Commandments were to be in English, the remainder being left in Latin as before.
Thomas Howard, third Duke of Norfolk, 1473(?)—1554: from the picture by Holbein at Windsor Castle.