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[ This is happily effected in three lines by Synesius, in his THIRD HYMN:
‘En kai Pan’ta—(taken by itself) is Spinozism.
‘En d’ ’Apan’ton—a mere Anima Mundi.
‘En te pro panton—is mechanical Theism.
But unite all three, and the result is the Theism of Saint Paul and Christianity. Synesius was censured for his doctrine of the pre- existence of the soul; but never, that I can find, arraigned or deemed heretical for his Pantheism, though neither Giordano Bruno, nor Jacob Behmen ever avowed it more broadly.
Mystas de Noos,
Ta te kai ta legei,
Buthon arraeton
Amphichoreuon.
Su to tikton ephus, Su to tiktomenon;
Su to photizon,
Su to lampomenon;
Su to phainomenon,
Su to kryptomenon
Idiais augais.
‘En kai panta,
‘En kath’ heauto,
Kai dia panton.
Pantheism is therefore not necessarily irreligious or heretical; though it may be taught atheistically. Thus Spinoza would agree with Synesius in calling God Physis en Noerois, the Nature in Intelligences; but he could not subscribe to the preceding Nous kai noeros, i.e. Himself Intelligence and intelligent.
In this biographical sketch of my literary life I may be excused, if I mention here, that I had translated the eight Hymns of Synesius from the Greek into English Anacreontics before my fifteenth year.]
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[ See Schell. Abhandl. zur Erlaeuter. des Id. der Wissenschafslehre.]
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[ Des Cartes, Diss. de Methodo.]