CONTENTS
| PAGE | |
| [PREFACE] | 1 |
| [INTRODUCTION] | 5 |
| [CHAPTER I] | |
| THE INFLUENCE OF THE TOOL | |
| Writing the Foundation of Illumination—Early Influences—Babylonian Characters—Egyptian Hieroglyphics—The reed and quill Pen—The use of Vellum | 23 |
| [CHAPTER II] | |
| THE DEVELOPMENT OF WRITING IN THE PAST | |
| Majuscule Writing—Square Capitals—Rustic Capitals—Uncials—Mixed Uncial and Minuscule Writing—Half-Uncials—Irish Half-Uncials—English Half-Uncials—Minuscule Writing—Lombardic Writing—Visigothic Writing—Merovingian Writing—Carlovingian Writing—Later Styles | 32 |
| [CHAPTER III] | |
| THE PREPARATION AND USE OF THE PEN | |
| Cutting the Pen—Simple Exercises | 42 |
| [CHAPTER IV] | |
| THE FORMATION OF LETTERS | |
| Letters formed with simple Pen-strokes—Method in working—How the various Letters are formed | 48 |
| [CHAPTER V] | |
| FORMING WORDS AND SENTENCES | |
| Writing a short Quotation—Spacing Letters—Italics—Pen-formed Figures | 54 |
| [CHAPTER VI] | |
| ALPHABETS FOR STUDY, BASED ON HISTORICAL EXAMPLES | |
| Uncial Letters—Half-Uncials—Writing, from the Tenth to the Fifteenth Century | 60 |
| [CHAPTER VII] | |
| ROMAN LETTERING | |
| Building up Letters with Pen-strokes—Roman Letters made with simple direct Pen-strokes—The Construction of Roman Capitals | 70 |
| [CHAPTER VIII] | |
| SOME HISTORICAL EXAMPLES OF ROMAN LETTERING | |
| The Alphabet of the Trajan Column—Various Alphabets from the Thirteenth to the Sixteenth Century | 76 |
| [CHAPTER IX] | |
| A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ILLUMINATION 1. From the Fourth to the Eleventh Century | |
| Classical and Byzantine Illumination—Celtic and Anglo-Celtic—Carlovingian—The Winchester School | 84 |
| [CHAPTER X] | |
| A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF ILLUMINATION 2. From the Twelfth Century to the Decline | |
| Illumination in the Twelfth Century—Thirteenth Century—Fourteenth Century—Fifteenth Century and later | 93 |
| [CHAPTER XI] | |
| THE INITIAL LETTER | |
| How the Decoration springs from the Initial letter—Examples from the Seventh to the Fifteenth Century | 101 |
| [CHAPTER XII] | |
| SIMPLE ILLUMINATION IN BLACK AND RED | |
| Method of setting out a Page—Arranging the Lettering—Initial letters, and how to construct them—Various arrangements of Lettering | 107 |
| [CHAPTER XIII] | |
| THE COLOURS USED BY THE MEDIÆVAL ILLUMINATOR | |
| Early treatises—Theophilus—The Book of the Art of Cennino Cennini | 115 |
| [CHAPTER XIV] | |
| COLOURS: THEIR COMPOSITION AND PERMANENCE | |
| The importance of a knowledge of the different Colours employed—Yellow Pigments—Red Pigments—Blue Pigments—Green Pigments—Brown Pigments—Black Pigments—White Pigments | 123 |
| [CHAPTER XV] | |
| COLOURS: THEIR PREPARATION AND USE | |
| Various forms in which Colours are prepared—Mixing Colours—A method of keeping body colours in a convenient form—Preparing a set of Colours for Illuminating | 131 |
| [CHAPTER XVI] | |
| THE GILDING METHODS OF THE MIDDLE AGES | |
| Early gilding methods—Powder gold—The early use of gold-leaf—Raised gilding | 138 |
| [CHAPTER XVII] | |
| THE USE OF GOLD | |
| Shell-gold—The use of gold-leaf—How to handle gold-leaf | 146 |
| [CHAPTER XVIII] | |
| ILLUMINATION WITH GOLD AND COLOURS | |
| Vellum for Illuminating—Hand-made paper—Brushes—Colour-work | 152 |
| [CHAPTER XIX] | |
| THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF ILLUMINATION | |
| The development of decoration—Present-day uses of Illumination—Possible developments | 161 |
| [CHAPTER XX] | |
| THE ILLUMINATED ADDRESS | |
| The Framed Address—The Vellum Scroll—The Book-form | 171 |
| [CHAPTER XXI] | |
| THE VARIOUS METHODS OF REPRODUCTION | |
| Line Blocks—Half-tones—The Three-colour Process—Lithography | 178 |
| [CHAPTER XXII] | |
| CHRISTMAS CARDS | |
| Bronze gilding—Setting out to design—Suggestions—Hand-written Cards—Invitation Cards | 185 |
| [CHAPTER XXIII] | |
| LETTERING FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES | |
| Various things requiring Lettering—Lettering for Maps, Plans, etc.—Lettering for Poster-work—Arrangement of letters—Designing a Magazine Cover | 192 |
| [CHAPTER XXIV] | |
| HAND-WRITTEN POSTERS, ETC. | |
| A quick method of writing a Poster—The reed pen and the brush—Window Tickets—Showcards | 203 |
| [CHAPTER XXV] | |
| THE ILLUMINATED MS. BOOK | |
| The Arrangement of Pages—Planning out—The Colophon—The Primary Object of the Book—The Decoration | 216 |
| [CHAPTER XXVI] | |
| A SIMPLE METHOD OF BINDING MSS. | |
| Binding in limp Vellum—Sewing the sections—The Decoration of the Cover | 225 |
| [CHAPTER XXVII] | |
| THE ILLUMINATION OF THE PRINTED BOOK | |
| The Combination of Printing and Illumination—Books suitable for Illumination—The Style of Decoration suited to this | 232 |
| [CHAPTER XXVIII] | |
| PRINTED BOOK DECORATION | |
| The Title-page—The Initial Letter—Types to avoid—Tail-pieces, etc. | 238 |
| [CHAPTER XXIX] | |
| CONCLUDING REMARKS | 248 |
| [CHAPTER XXX] | |
| NOTES ON BOOKS | 256 |
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
| PAGE | |
| Illuminated Page | [Frontispiece] |
| Babylonian Characters (Fig. 1) | [25] |
| Egyptian Hieroglyphics (Fig. 2) | [27] |
| Egyptian Hieratic Writing | [28] |
| Stylus and Early Pens | [29] |
| Cadmus gives the Greeks an Alphabet | [32] |
| The Development of Writing (Fig. 3) | [34] |
| The Development of Writing (Fig. 4) | [38] |
| The Pen (Fig. 5) | [43] |
| Simple Pen-Strokes (Fig. 6) | [45] |
| Pen-formed Letters (Fig. 7) | [49] |
| The Construction of Letters (Fig. 8) | [51] |
| Forming Words and Sentences (Fig. 9) | [55] |
| Word-spacing, etc. (Fig. 10) | [57] |
| Alphabets for Study (Fig. 11) | [61] |
| Alphabets for Study (Fig. 12) | [63] |
| Alphabets for Study (Fig. 13) | [64] |
| Alphabets for Study (Fig. 14) | [66] |
| Roman Lettering (Fig. 15) | [71] |
| Pen-formed Roman Lettering (Fig. 16) | [74] |
| The Trajan Column | [76] |
| The Trajan Alphabet (Fig. 17) | [77] |
| The Trajan Alphabet (Fig. 18) | [78] |
| The Trajan Alphabet (Fig. 19) | [79] |
| Roman Alphabets (Fig. 20) | [80] |
| Roman Alphabet, pen-formed (Fig. 21) | [81] |
| Roman Alphabets (Fig. 22) | [82] |
| The Lindisfarne Gospels | [84] |
| Flemish Initials | [101] |
| Initial Letters (Fig. 23) | [102] |
| Initial Letters (Fig. 24) | [105] |
| A Simple Page in Black and Red | [107] |
| Method of Setting out Page (Fig. 25) | [108] |
| Mediæval Alphabets (Fig. 26) | [110] |
| The Construction of Initials (Fig. 27) | [111] |
| Illumination in Black and Red (Fig. 28) | [113] |
| The Preparation of Colours (Fig. 29) | [133] |
| Gilding Materials (Fig. 30) | [148] |
| Illumination with Gold and Colours (Fig. 31) | [157] |
| Illuminated Altar Tablet | [161] |
| The Development of Illumination (Fig. 32) | [162] |
| Rough Sketches of Illuminated Pages (Fig. 33) | [166] |
| A Roll of Honour | [167] |
| Illuminated Altar Tablet | [169] |
| A Church Porch Text | [170] |
| An Illuminated Address | 171 |
| Various Forms of Illuminated Addresses (Fig. 34) | [172] |
| Designs for Christmas Cards | [185] |
| A Christmas Card | [187] |
| Styles of Cards (Fig. 35) | [188] |
| Styles of Cards (Fig. 36) | [189] |
| Designs for Programme and Progressive Whist Card | [190] |
| Booklet Cover | [192] |
| An Attractive Advertisement | [192] |
| A Handbook Cover | [194] |
| Lettering for Maps, etc. (Fig. 37) | [195] |
| A Design for a Certificate | [196] |
| An Alphabet for Poster Work (Fig. 38) | [197] |
| Two Designs for Labels | [198] |
| A Design for a Letter Heading | [199] |
| A Design for a Music Cover | [200] |
| A Design for a Bookplate | [201] |
| An Attractive Piece of Lettering | [204] |
| Guide for Hand-written Posters (Fig. 39) | [205] |
| Specimen Poster written with Pen (Fig. 40) | [207] |
| Specimen Poster written with Brush (Fig. 41) | [209] |
| Design for a Menu | [210] |
| Window Tickets (Fig. 42) | [213] |
| A Showcard (Fig. 43) | [214] |
| Frontispiece of Blake’s “Songs of Innocence” | [216] |
| Arrangement for MS. Book (Fig. 44) | [218] |
| Title-page of Blake’s “Songs of Innocence” | [219] |
| Examples of Colophons (Fig. 45) | [221] |
| Two pages from “Songs of Innocence” | [223] |
| Method of Stitching MS. Book (Fig. 46) | [226] |
| Vellum Cover (Fig. 47) | [228] |
| Cover ready for Binding (Fig. 48) | [229] |
| Completing the Cover (Fig. 49) | [230] |
| The Illumination of the Printed Book (Fig. 50) | [233] |
| Styles of Title Pages (Fig. 51) | [239] |
| Types of Initials to Avoid (Fig. 52) | [242] |
| Decorative Initials (Fig. 53) | [243] |
| Tail-pieces (Fig. 54) | [245] |