Turkish Memories

by Sidney Whitman

“Russia has not yet forgotten the lessons of the Russo-Japanese war. If she scents obstacles ahead, she will hesitate to advance too rapidly on the path of adventure. But hesitation is not synonymous with withdrawal. Russia is still true to Gortschakoff’s famous phrase, ‘La Russie ne boude pas, elle se recueille.’ Turkey would be in less danger from her if she could enlist the sympathies and engage the material interests of Great Britain and Germany upon her side, as Abdul Hamid evidently considered that they might be enlisted in regard to his Asiatic dominions.

“As already stated in your own words, ‘the geographical position of Germany seems to set fixed limits to her ambitions’; and since Great Britain has no territorial ambitions in Asiatic Turkey—as it is recognized at last, even in Turkey—there is everything to be gained by their loyal and whole-hearted co-operation. But only on such lines.

(Signed) “H. P. Picot.”

---

INDEX

• Abdul Aziz, [20], [27], [163], [181], [234], [238], [258]
• Abdul Hamid, and the Marquis of Salisbury, [1];
  • works of, [8], [51]–[54],[164]–[166];
  • and the Armenians, [20], [57];
  • and the Germans, [22], [270];
  • and Ahmed Midhat Effendi, [25], [26];
  • popularity, [27]–[28], [180]–[182], [238]–[239], [243];
  • and Dr. Hepworth, [60]–[61], [128]–[129];
  • and Mr. Whitman, [30]–[35], [51], [61], [170];
  • and the Press, [148]–[149];
  • deposition, [150], [177]–[178];
  • ceremony of the Selamlik, [154]–[158], [178]–[182];
  • account of, [159]–[182];
  • promise of Nicholas of Russia to, [162], 277 and note;
  • personality, [166]–[167], [234], [237]–[238], [254]–[255];
  • and Mr. Whittaker, [171];
  • and Professor Vambéry, [171]–[172];
  • audiences, [179]–[180];
  • stories of his diplomacy,184;
  • spies of, [201];
  • and the Fehim Pasha incident, [264], [266]–[267], [270];
  • mentioned in Professor Vambéry’s letters, [285], [286]–[287], [288]–[292];
  • William II and, [294]–[295]
• Abdul Medjid, [261];
  • reforms of, [229]–[230]
• Abraham Pasha, [19]–[20]
• Abyssinia, Christian monasteries of, [254]
• Adrianople, peace of, 1829, [106]
• Ahmed Midhat, account of, [25]–[28], [235]–[236];
  • letter in Turkish to Mr. Whitman, [107]–[108];
  • conversations with, [216]–[224], [225], [247], [257], [265];
  • stories of Mohammed’s life told by, [258]–[260]
• Aintab in Syria, [63], [112], [114]
• Aja Sophia of Constantinople, [28], [87]
• Ala Dagh, the, [105]
• Alaskird, [97]
• Albanian Redifs, the, [45], [155]
• Albanians in Salonica, [40]
• Albigenses, the, [262]
• Albrecht, Archduke, [182]
• Alexander of Battenberg, Prince, and the Mohammedan element, [242]
• Alexander of Servia, [59]
• Alexandretta, [63], [81], [115]–[117]
• Alidjekrek affair of 1896, [97]
• Ambassadors in Constantinople, position of, [186]–[169];
  • types, [189]–[193];
  • social life, [193]–[194];
  • Turkish, [194]–[195]
• American element in Erzeroum, [99]–[100];
  • interest in Anatolia, [121] and note
• Anatolia, the mission to, [60];
  • reforms, [63], [70], [76], [79]–[81], [278];
  • prosperity, [165];
  • German interests, [295]
• Anatolian Railway, the, [268], [275] and note
• Anatolius, General, [90]
• Anglicans, [228]
• Angora, prosperity of, [165]
• Arab types in Turkey, [233], [248]
• Aram Aramian, arrest, [97]
• Ararat, Mount, [109]
• Arians, the, [223]
• Armenak Dermonprejan, arrest, [97]
• Armenia, military service in, [75]–[76];
  • people of, [118]–[119], [120] and note
• “Armenian Atrocities,” rising of 1895–6, [70]–[79], [170];
  • the outbreak in Constantinople, [10]–[35]
• Armenian Cemetery, Constantinople, [18]
• Armenian Committees, [13], [74], [127]
• Armenian schools, [63], [66], [75], [99], [127]
• Armenians in Turkey, [228], [231]
• Arms from Russia seized, [97]
• Arsenal (Tophanè), Constantinople, discovery of bombs, [24]
• Arson in Constantinople, [243]–[244]
• Ashmead-Bartlett, Sir Ellis, [48], [53]–[55]
• Aspern, [182]
• Asquith, Mr., and the Eucharistic procession in London, [213]
• Austria-Hungary, Turkish policy of, [275]
• Austrian Double Eagle March, the, [156]–[157]
• Avellis, Hugo, in Constantinople, [204]–[248];
  • knowledge of Turkish character, [239]–[240];
  • stories of Turkish women, [257]–[258]
• Azarian, Armenian banker, [20]
• Azerbaijan, [296]
• Bagdad Railway, [269], [277]
• Bahri Pasha, Governor-General of Van, fired on, [74]
• Baiburt, [85]–[86]
• Bajezid, Sultan, mosque of, [8]
• Balkan War, [295]
• Balls in Constantinople, [197]–[198]
• Baptists, [228]
• Batoum, [67]
• Bayazid, [105]
• Bazar de Secours, [52]–[53]
• Bebek, [169]
• Begler-Bey, Palace of, [139], [159]
• Beikos, [27], [257]
• Beilan, [116]
• Belgrade, [59]
• Belisarius, [183];
  • sayings of, quoted, [160]
• Benedek, Field-Marshal, [182]
• Bennett, Mr. Gordon, [10]–[11], [15], [40], [57]–[59], [129]
• Bergholz, Mr. Leo, American Consul at Erzeroum, [99]
• Berlin, Congress of, [278]
• Bernhardi, General, [286]
• Beschiktasch, [142]
• Bieberstein, Baron Marschall von, [162];
  • and Abdul Hamid, [177];
  • and the Fehim Pasha incident, [264]–[247]
• Bigham, Clive, [48], [55]
• Birds, shooting of, [254]–[245]
• Biredschik, [63], [111]–[112]
• Bismarck, Prince, opinion on the Cretan situation, [1]–[2];
  • the Sultan’s message to, [34]–[35];
  • and Gortschakoff, [188];
  • and Détaille’s picture, [215];
  • diplomacy, [270]–[271], [272];
  • on the position in the East, [279]
• Bitlis, [63], [77], [88], [91], [96], [120], [132];
  • the road to, [101]–[110];
  • report of the English Vice-Consul, [122]–[123]
• Black Sea, [65], [82]
• Blunt, Mr. J. P., [47]–[48]
• Bodenstedt, Friedrich, quoted, [277]–[278]
• Bombs, discovery in Constantinople, [24]
• Bosphorus, the, [92], [141], [278]
• Bournous, the, [113]
• Bribery, charges of, [80]
• Bucharest, diplomacy in, [189]
• Büchner, [237]
• Budapest, 285 (note)
• Budapest University, [283]
• Bulgarians, Uniate, [228]
• Burton, Sir Richard, knowledge of the East, [224]–[225], [226]
• Buyukdere, massacre of Armenians at, [19]–[20]
• Byron, Lord, on Constantinople, quoted, [5]
• “Byzantinism,” [183]
• Capitulations, the, [201], [231]
• Caravans, starting point for, [67];
  • on the Zigana Pass, [84]–[85]
• Carlyle and Islamism, [219]–[220]
• Cassim Pasha, suburb of, [8]
• Castries, Count de, “L’Islam,” [218]
• Catholics, Latin, [228]
• Censorship of the Press in Constantinople, evading the, [23]–[24], [171]
• Cercle d’Orient, Constantinople, [19], [195]
• Chadidja, [259]
• Chakir Pasha, Marshal, story of the watch, [70]–[6], [93]–[94];
  • accounts of the Armenian rising, [77]–[79];
  • and Reouf Pasha, [98]
• Chaldeans, Uniate, [228]
• Chalet Kiosk, [288]
• Charles, Archduke, [182]
• Chary, Hermann, Roumanian interpreter, [40]–[41], [48], [65], [117]
• Chefakat, Order of the, [165], [172]
• Christian Churches in Turkey, [28], [222]–[223]
• Christianity in Turkey, [119]–[123], [216]–[223], [226]–[230]
• Circassians, characteristics of the, [106]–[107];
  • exodus of, [278]
• Club de Constantinople, [195]
• Colombo, Hôtel, Salonica, [37]
• Commerce, British Chamber of, at Constantinople, [190]
• Commercial code of 1850, [229]
• Commerell, Admiral, [226]
• Constantine the Great, [223], [254]
• Constantinople, impressions, [5]–[9];
  • cavalry barracks, [7], [8];
  • Fakir Hanè, [8];
  • Greek High School, [8];
  • Marine Hospital, [8];
  • Marine Ministry, [8];
  • Ters Hanè, [8];
  • gossip in, [12]–[13];
  • British Embassy, [17], [55]–[56];
  • German Post Office, [21]–[22];
  • Arsenal, [24];
  • Aja Sophia, [28], [87];
  • Gumysch Soujou Hospital, [30];
  • outbreak of the war, [50]–[51];
  • a return to, [127]–[128];
  • water
  • supply of, [165];
  • diplomacy in, [186]–[195];
  • cuisine of, [195]–[196];
  • “high life” in, [196]–[198];
  • the Passage Oriental, [206]–[207];
  • Europeans in, [214]–[215], [240];
  • fall of, [222];
  • fire brigade of, [243]–[244];
  • Bazaar, [247]
• Constantinople, Club de, [12], [195]
• Copts, [228]
• Corpus Christi, Feast of, in Constantinople, [213]
• Corruption and bribery in Turkey, [163]–[164]
• “Cospoli,” provincial name for Constantinople, [103]
• Costaki Pasha, [1]
• Courrier de L’Est, [149]
• Crete, Bismarck’s interest in the island, [1]–[2];
  • the naval demonstration 1898, [276]
• Crimean War, [170], [230], [261]
• Criminal code of 1840, [229]
• Crispi, [271]
• Crusades, nature of the, [215]–[216], [219], [221]–[222]
• Cuinet cited, [120] (note)
• Currie, Lady, [55]–[56]
• Currie, Sir Philip, [263];
  • the protest to the Porte, [54]–[56];
  • urges recall of Chakir Pasha, [71];
  • telegram to Erzeroum, autumn 1895, [77]
• Dagmar, Empress, [71]
• Daily Mail and the Fehim Pasha incident, [266]–[267]
• Damascene swords, [91]
• Damascus, [118]
• Dandolo, Enrico, [250]
• Danish Bey, [71]
• Daphne, Austrian-Lloyd steamer, [64]
• Dead, Turkish reverence for the, [8]
• Deliler, village of, [55]
• Demeter Mavrocordato Effendi, [71], [72]
• Détaille, M. Edouard, “Nos Vainqueurs,” [215]
• Deutsche Bank, Berlin, [142]
• Deutsche Revue, [287]
• Diarbekir, [63], [88], [91];
  • history, [110]–[111]
• “Diary of an Idle Woman in Constantinople,” [253]
• Djahid, Husein, paper by, [287]
• Dogs of Constantinople, [17], [254]
• Dolma-Baghtchè, palace of, [139], [141]
• Doré, Gustave, illustrations of the Bible, [88]
• Dragoman Service, the, [189]
• Draper, and Islamism, [219]–[220]
• Druses, [228]
• Dufferin, Lord, [193]
• Duilio, the Italian ship, [37]
• Edhem Pasha, generalissimo of the Turkish forces, [43]–[44], [46], [48]
• Edward VII, [283]
• Egypt, irrigation, [280]
• Egyptians at Nisib, [112]
• Elassona, Turkish headquarters at, [40]–[48]
• Emerson, “English Traits,” [249]
• Emin Bey, story of, [166]–[167]
• England, Turkish policy, [22], [170], [272]–[274], [278]–[279]
• English governesses in Constantinople, [213]
• English settlement in Salonica, [39]–[40]
• Englishman, Turkish estimation of the, [261]–[262]
• Erzeroum, vilayet, [63] and note;
  • Armenian rising, October 1895, [70]–[76];
  • the journey to, [81];
  • reception at, [88]–[90];
  • history of the town, [90];
  • Russian influence, [91]–[92];
  • the American element in, [99]–[100];
  • Russian occupation 1878, [278]
• Erzingian, [73]
• Etchmiadzin (Russia), [78]
• Ethnike Hetairia, the, [36] and note, [37]
• Eucharistic Congress in London, [213]
• Eugénie, Empress, [139]
• Eunuchs, [253]–[254]
• Euphrates, crossing the, [112]
• Europeans in Constantinople, [214]–[215], [240]
• Famine, [165]
• Fauna between Erzeroum and Bitlis, [102]–[103]
• “Fedaïs,” the, [75]–[76]
• Fehim Pasha, Chief of Secret Police, [177]–[178];
  • scandal of, [263]–[267]
• Ferdinand, Austrian ex-Emperor, sayings of, [159]–[160]
• Ferid Pasha, [270]
• Ferrero, Guglielmo, sayings of, quoted, [234]–[235]
• Fire brigade in Constantinople, [243]–[244]
• Franco-German War 1870, [251]
• Franco-Italian War 1859, [182]
• Franz-Josef, present to the Bazar de Secours, [53]
• French Embassy in Constantinople, [50], [251]
• French language in Turkey, [275]–[276]
• Friedrichsruh, [2]
• Fuad, Grand Vizier, [177]
• Galata Bridge, the, [15]–[18], [21]–[22], [141], [244]
• Gautier, Théophile, on the Turk, [8]
• Gellini, Gentil, [250]
• “German Memories,” Prof. Vambéry’s remarks on, [289], [290]
• Germany and England, [293], [294]
• Germany and Turkey—Behaviour of Germans during the massacre, [21]–[22];
  • German officers in Turkey, [48]–[49], [271]–[272], [285];
  • German surgeons for the wounded, [51]–[52];
  • Turkish policy of Germany, [169]–[170], [279], [290], [291], [293], [294];
  • German influence in Turkey, [202], [214], [241], [264], [267]–[272], [274]–[277], [279], [295]–[296];
  • German language in Turkey, [275]–[276]
• Ghazi Osman Pasha, [50]–[51], [155], [205];
  • his office at Yildiz, [139], [177]–[178], [181]
• Giaours, [228], [249]
• Gladstone, the Rt. Hon. W. E., policy of, [169]–[170]
• Goethe quoted, [125], [268]
• Golden Horn, [6], [7], [8], [9] (note), [55]
• “Goldener Lamm,” Vienna, [4]
• Goltz, General von der, [285]
• Gordon, General, [40], [226]
• Görgey, [251]
• Gortschakoff, [188], [296]
• Græco-Turkish War, [35]–[56], [219], [271], [276]
• Grant, General, and Reouf Pasha, [94]–[95]
• Gratz, [182]
• Graves, Mr., British Consul at Erzeroum, opinion of, quoted, [93]–[94]
• Greece, incursions into Macedonia, [36];
  • religious intolerance in, [213]–[214];
  • Turks in, [251]
• Greek Committees, [2]
• Greek Orthodox Church, [20]–[21], [213]–[214]
• Greek Press, Bismarck and the, [2]
• Greeks in Constantinople, behaviour, [50]–[51];
  • characteristics, [212];
  • burial customs, [213]–[214], [241];
  • Uniate, [228]
• Grey, Sir Edward, Eastern policy of, [291]
• Gritti, Andrea, [250]
• Gritti, Ludovico, [250]
• Grumbkow Pasha, [48]
• Gumysch Hanè, [83]–[8]
• Gumysch Soujou Hospital, Constantinople, [30]
• Gwynne, H. A., [55]
• Hafis Pasha, [112]
• Haidar Pasha, university at, [162]
• Haldane, Lord, [286]
• Halid Bey, [64]
• Hamid Pasha, [74]
• Hamidiè cavalry regiments, [73], [109], [145]–[155]
• Hamidiè Mosque, [156], [164], [178]–[179]
• “Hans,” [83], [86]
• Harem, the, [215], [256]–[257]
• Harper’s Magazine, [132]
• Hassan Bey, [258]
• Hassib Effendi, [71]
• Hatti-Humayoun of 1856, [230]
• Hatti-Sherif of Gulhanè, [229]–[230]
• Hatzfeldt, Count, [206]
• Hedjas Railway, [150], [277]
• Heine, “Buch der Lieder,” quoted, [151]
• Hepworth, Dr. George H., the expedition into Armenia, 58 et seq.;
  • “Through Armenia on Horseback,” [62];
  • the journey to Erzeroum, [81], [89]–[90];
  • the road to Bitlis, [101]–[102], [104], [105], [108];
  • incidents of the journey, [113], [114], [115], [116];
  • and Abdul Hamid, [128]–[129];
  • letters to Mr. Whitman, [132]–[133]
• Hepworth, Mrs., [129]
• Herbert, Sir Michael, [263]
• Hobart Pasha, [226], [248]
• Holy Sepulchre, Turkish protection, [213], [215]–[216], [228]
• Horse, the Anatolian, [114]–[115]
• Hospital for the wounded at Yildiz, [51]–[52]
• Hugo, Victor, [26]
• Huguenin, M., [268]–[269]
• Huguenots, the, [217]
• Humboldt, Alexander von, observations of, on Constantinople, [5]–[6]
• Hungarian revolutionists, sheltered by the Sultan, [251]
• Hunger-typhus, [165]
• Hunuesch, [120]
• Hussein Avni Pasha, [258]
• Hyacinthe, Father, and Islamism, [219]–[220]
• Ibrahim Pasha, [112], [145], [152]–[154]
• Impérial, Hôtel, Salonica, [40]
• Imtiaz medal, the, [33], [51]–[52], [179]
• “Iradè,” the term, [144]–[145]
• Izzet Fuad Pasha, Turkish ambassador at Madrid, [177]
• Izzet Pasha, and Mr. Whitman, [30]–[35], [237];
  • apartments at Yildiz, [140]–[145], [265];
  • work of, [154];
  • Arab origin [169] (note)
• Jacobites, [228]
• Janissaries, the, [155], [180]
• Japan, German officers in, [272]
• Jerusalem, [94]–[95], [118], [213], [216], [256]
• Jews in Turkey, [21], [38]–[39], [92], [217], [221], [228], [249]–[250]
• Johnson, President Andrew, [26]
• Journal de Salonique, extract from, [41]–[42]
• Justinian, Emperor, [183], [254]
• Kaarie, or Kariè, Mosque, [28], [222]–[223]
• Kara Hissar Charki, mines of, [76]
• Kara Sua, source, [90]
• Karaferia, [42]
• Katerina, [42], [46]
• Kegel Club, Salonica, [37]
• Kerasoun, [66]
• Khalifate, the, claim of the Sultan, [148]
• Khinis, [77]
• Khrimyan, Monsignor, [78]
• Kighi, [96]
• Knackfuss, Professor, [53]
• Kop Dagh Pass, [86]–[88]
• Koran, precepts of the, [213], [217]–[223], [234]–[235], [254]
• Kossona, village of, [43]
• Kossuth, [251]
• Kotal Dagh, the, [66]–[67]
• Kurdistan, [63], [79];
  • relations with Armenians, [74]–[75];
  • rising of the autumn 1895, [77];
  • mountain fastnesses of, [107];
  • characteristics, [129]–[130]
• Kurds, arming of the, [73];
  • Reouf Pasha and, [96]–[97];
  • kindliness of, [107]–[109];
  • marksmanship, [113];
  • predatory propensities, [124];
  • deputation to the Sultan, [145]
• Lamartine, [291]
• Larissa, [45], [55]
• Layard, Sir Henry, [193]
• Lazis, the, of Trebizond, [67]
• Lebanon, [223]
• Lessing, “Nathan the Wise,” [216]–[217]
• Levant Herald, and the censorship, [171]
• Levantine, the, [199]–[209]
• London, contrasts with the East, [130]–[132]
• Lorenz, Melchoir, [250]
• Loti, Pierre, [291]
• Louis XIV, [217]
• Lufti Aga, story of, [168]–[169]
• Lule-Burgas, [285]
• Macedonia, missionaries of, [121]
• Mahmoud, Sultan, [229]–[230], [248]
• Mahmud Nedim Pasha, [169]
• Mamuret ül Aziz, [63]
• Marienbad, [57]
• Maronites, [228]
• Mavrocordato Effendi, [79]–[80]
• Mavrocordato, Prince, [231]
• Mavrogeni, Dr., [206]
• Maximow, M., dragoman, [19]
• Maximow M., Consul-General, [90], [93], [147]
• Mazzini, [271]
• McColl, Canon, [22]
• Mecca, [65], [140]–[141]
• Medjediè, order of, [98], [154]
• Mehmet, Circassian officer, [40], [43], [48]
• Mehmet Izzet Bey, saying of, quoted, [15], [255]–[256]
• Mehmet Tscherkess, [45]
• Mekteb Milkiè, [164]
• Meluna Pass, the, [45]
• Mersey, Lord, [48]
• Mersina, [127]
• Mersina-Adana Railway, [269]
• Mesopotamia, [63], [295], [296]
• Methodists, [228]
• Metoualis, [228]
• Midhat Pasha, [26], [166]
• Migirditch, Armenian cook, [101]–[102]
• Mijatovich, M. Chedo, [289]
• Milan, ex-king, [59]
• Miles, Gen. Nelson, [53]
• Mining law, alterations, [273]
• Missionaries in Turkey, [38], [39], [120]–[121]
• Modiki, Kurds of, [124]
• Mohamed Cherif Reouf Pasha, [93]–[98], [104]
• Mohammed, life of, stories of, [125], [258]–[260]
• Mohammed V, [208]
• Mohammed Faté, Sultan, [250]
• Mohammedanism and Christianity, [82]–[83], [216]–[223], [228]–[230]
• Mollahs, [143]–[145]
• Moltke, Count von, and Turkey, [35], [112], [248]
• Monasteries, Christian, [82]–[83], [127], [222], [254]
• Montenegrins, struggle of 1876, [207];
  • characteristics, [212]
• Montgomery, George R., [55]
• Mordtmann, Dr., [164]–[165]
• Moscow, fires of, [243]
• Möser, Justus, [237]
• Mosques, [222]–[223]
• Mosul, [110]
• Moutschka, River, [66]
• Muezzin, the, [145]
• Munir Pasha, Grand Master of Ceremonies, [60], [152], [180];
  • letter to Mr. Whitman, [129];
  • personality, [157]–[158];
  • estimate of his master, [175]–[176]
• Murad Su, [101]
• Mustapha Pasha, railway station at, [262]
• Namouma, yacht, [57]
• Naples, [5]
• Napoleon, Code of, [229]
• Napoleon, saying of, [62], [226]
• Napoleon III, Abdul Hamid compared with, [161]–[162]
• National, Hôtel, Vienna, [4]
• Naturalization of Turkish subjects, [231]
• Neghib Bey, saying of, [246]
• Nelidow, M. de, [19], [278]
• Nestorians, Chaldean, [228]
• Nestorius, [223]
• New York Herald, the, [2], [10]–[11], [14], [23]–[25], [31], [34], [36], [41], [42], [43], [46], [57], [58], [60], [61], [129], [133] (note), [170]
• Nicæa, Council of, [223]
• Nicholas, Emperor, promise to Abdul Hamid, [162], [277] and note
• Nineteenth Century and After, [286], [289] (note 4)
• Nisib, village of, [112]
• O’Conor, Sir Nicholas, [193];
  • letter of, quoted, [272]–[273]
• Offenbach, Jacques, [157]
• Ohannes Effendi, [19]
• Olympus, Mount, [37], [43]
• Orient (L’), [149]
• Ortogrul cavalry, [155]
• Osman Pasha, [95], [139]
• Osmanian, [18]–[19]
• Osmaniè order, [154]
• Ottoman Bank, the attack on the, [16]–[18], [23]–[24]
• Palestine, law in, [229]
• Pall Mall Gazette, [285]
• Pancaldi, [71]
• Paris Commune 1871, [256]
• Pascal, “Les Pensées” quoted, [161]
• Paskiewitsch, General, [86]
• Passage Oriental, Constantinople, [206]–[207]
• Passen, [97]
• Paul, Emperor, [32]
• Peel, W., [55]
• Pera, [15], [199], [200];
  • the outbreak at, [17];
  • discovery of bombs, [25];
  • after the massacre, [29]–[30];
  • water supply, [165];
  • Grande Rue de Pera, [206]–[208], [257];
  • population of, [212];
  • the French Embassy, [251]
• Pera Palace Hotel, [6], [12], [177], [266]
• Phanariotes, [235], [270]
• Pharsalia, [45]
• Philippopolis, [23]–[24]
• Picot, Lieut.-Colonel H. P., [280];
  • letter to Mr. Whitman, [294]–[297]
• “Pilaf,” [255]
• Platana, [67]
• Plevna, siege of, [205]
• Plumstead, naming of a street in, [283]–[284] and note
• Police, Turkish, [201]–[202]
• Policevera, steamer, [50]
• Polygamy, [215]
• Pontine range, the, [85]
• Potsdam Guards, the, [271]
• Powers, the, proposals of 1895, [77];
  • the Capitulations, [201], [231]
• Presbyterians, [228]
• Press, the, in Turkey, [148]–[149], [160], [188], [230]–[232], [251];
  • evading the censorship, [23]–[24], [171]
• Prinkipo Islands, [20]
• Prior, Mr. Melton, [29]
• Procopius of Cæsarea, [183]
• Protestants in Turkey, [120]–[121], [228]
• Pruth, the, [164]
• Ramadan Festival, [149]–[150]
• Razi Khan, [74]
• “Realm of the Habsburgs,” by Mr. Sidney Whitman, [284], [292]
• Red Cross, the, [205]
• Redcliffe, Lord Stratford de, [56], [193], [261]
• Reformation, the English, [213]
• Religious toleration in Turkey, [216]–[222], [227]–[228];
  • firman of 1854, [229]–[230]
• Revolvers at the Pera Palace Hotel, [17]
• Rhodes, Island of, [25], [127]
• Riedler, Professor, [248]
• Rifat Bey, [169]
• Roads, Persian, [80]–[81], [85], [101], [125], [128]
• Robert College on the Bosphorus, [226]–[227]
• Roberts, Lord, [286]
• Roman Catholic Armenians, [21]
• Rome, rites in communion with, [228]
• Roqueferrier, M., [93]
• Rothschild, London house of, [20]
• Roumania, King of, [272]
• Ruskin, saying of, quoted, [131]
• Rushti Bey, Colonel, [65], [107]
• Russia—Turkish policy of, [19], [127], [147], [232], [276]–[279], [296]–[297];
  • revolutionary propaganda fomented by, [20]–[21], [24], [61], [75]–[76], [123];
  • protest against German officers in Turkey, [49];
  • influence in Erzeroum, [90]–[92], [97];
  • the Czar’s promise to Abdul Hamid, [162], [277] and note;
  • trade with Turkey, [165];
  • religious toleration in, [229]
• Russian Cossack regiments, [73]
• Russo-Japanese War, [296]
• Russo-Turkish War, [44], [85]–[86], [164]
• Saadi, poet, [290]
• Sadjur, River, [114]
• Sadowa, battle of, [182]
• Saint Andrews, Cathedral of, [213]
• Saint Sophia, Church of, [250]
• Saladin, [114], [216]–[217], [233]
• Salisbury, Marquis of, [1], [170], [220] (note)
• Salonica, Greek population, [37], [49]–[50];
  • Jewish element, [38]–[39];
  • English element, [39]–[40];
  • outbreak of the war, [49];
  • Turks in, [251]
• Salzburg, [5]
• Samsoun, [66]
• Saumur, [45]
• Schah-Zadè, Sultan, [8]
• Schiites, [233]
• Schismanian, Givon, [77]
• Schools, Armenian, [63], [66], [75], [99], [127];
  • Turkish, [164]–[165], [275]
• Schopenhauer, [237]
• Schreyer, [114]
• Scott, Sir Walter, quoted, [49]
• Scutari, [257];
  • the English cemetery, [165], [201]–[202]
• Sedan-chairs, [197]
• Selamlik, ceremony of the, [154]–[158], [164], [178]–[181], [253]
• Selim, Sultan, [8], [110], [111], [217], [233]
• Shamyl, submission of, [278]
• Shaw, Captain, [243]
• Shaw, G. B., [48]
• Shefket Pasha, Marshal, [51]
• Sheikh-ul-Islam, [52], [217], [233], [237]–[238]
• Sheikhs, [143]–[145]
• Shipka Pass, [71]
• Silver mines, [83]–[84]
• Sirry Bey, [64], [103]–[106], [113], [117], [172], [266]–[267]
• Sitaouk, [97]
• Sivas, [76]
• Smyrna, [22], [127]
• Smyrna-Aidin Railway, [273]
• Sobranje, the, Mohammedan members, [242]
• Softas, [145]
• Solferino, [182]
• Sorovitch, [41], [42]
• Spain—Religious intolerance in, [38], [217], [250];
  • the Moors in, [220]–[221];
  • generosity of the people, [248]
• Special Correspondent, Mr. Gordon Bennett’s ideas of his duties, [11]–[12]
• Spencer, Herbert, [237]
• Spinoza, [237]
• “Stambolin,” [25], [150], [176]
• Stamboul, the outbreak in, [15]–[17], [22];
  • the Aja Sophia, [28], [87];
  • the Sublime Porte, [141];
  • fires in, [244];
  • the public fountain, [261]
• Steevens, G. W., [55]
• Sublime Porte, the, [14], [141]
• Suleyman, Sultan, [8], [165], [250]
• Sultan, the, and the Khalifate, [225]
• Sunday, the Mohammedan, [27]
• Suwarie Tschaoush, [64]
• Sycosis, [117]
• Syrian horsemen, [113]
• Syrians, Uniate, [228]
• Szechenyi Pasha, Count, [243]
• Tahsim Pasha, [139]
• Tanin, the, [287]
• Tanzimat, the, [229]–[230]
• Tariff, Turkish, [280]
• Tauchnitz Collection of British Authors, [253]
• Taurus, the, [82]–[85], [88]
• “Tcharik,” [42]
• Tcheragan, Palace of, [139]
• “Temena,” ceremony of, [142]–[143]
• Tempè, vale of, [45]
• Terdjumani Hakkikat, the, [26]
• Tewfik Bey, Colonel, [64]–[65]
• Tewfik Pasha, [270]
• Theodora, Empress, [183]
• Theodosiopolis, [90]
• Theodosius the Younger, [90]
• Therapia, [263]
• Thessaly, alleged Turkish atrocities, [54]–[55]
• Tiflis, Armenians of, [78]
• Tigris, the, [101], [110]
• Times, the, correspondents in Turkey, [14], [18], [47]–[48], [171]
• Timur the Tartar, [114]
• Tophanè, Constantinople, [141]
• Transylvania, Saxon colony, [276]
• Trebizond, [63], [64], [81];
  • description, [66]–[70];
  • the troubles at, [74]–[76];
  • Christian monasteries of, [82]–[83], [222]
• Tripoli, [214]
• Tschishly, [18]
• Tschoueh, Daniel, [76]
• Turanian type in Turkey, [233]
• Turk, the, traits, [210]–[260];
  • love of family, [103]–[104];
  • fidelity, [104]–[105];
  • generosity and courtesy, [105]–[106], [240]–[242];
  • respect for personal character, [206], [208]–[209], [246];
  • absence of class distinctions, [235]–[237];
  • gratitude, [246]–[248];
  • hospitality, [248]–[249];
  • love of animals, [254]
• Turkey—War on Greece, [36];
  • religious tolerance in, [184], [212], [216]–[222], [227]–[230], [249]–[250];
  • shelter given to Hungarian revolutionaries, [251];
  • foreigners in, [252]–[253];
  • German officers in Turkish army, [271]–[272]
• Turks, Orthodox, [228]
• Tussaud’s, Madame, [215] and note
• Twain, Mark, [118]
• Ulemas, [143], [144], [145]
• United States, the Press in, [231]
• University at Haidar Pasha, [165]
• “Vali,” the term, [63] (note)
• Valis, unpopularity of, [124]
• Valladolid, [250]
• Vambéry, Dr. Rustem, letter to Mr. Whitman, [283]–[284]
• Vambéry, Professor Arminius, experiences, [84];
  • life and adventures, quoted, [89];
  • stories of Abdul Hamid, [168]–[169], [171]–[172], [186];
  • letters to Mr. Whitman, [211], [289]–[293];
  • on the European situation, [279];
  • a London street named after, [283], [284]
• Van, [63], [64], [65], [74], [78], [79];
  • the rising in, [78]–[79]
• Van, Lake of, [72], [109]–[110]
• Vassos, Colonel, recall from Crete, [36]
• Venice, [57]
• Vereschagin, [205]
• Victoria, Queen, [283]
• Vienna, impressions, [3]–[5], [59];
  • Central Post Office, [4], [5];
  • Leopoldstadt, [4]
• Vienna Congress 1815, [4]
• “Vilayet,” the term, [63] (note)
• Vincent, Sir Edgar, in Constantinople, [226]
• Voltaire, [237]
• Wagner, Reisen von Moritz, quoted, [86]
• Wallisch, Dr., [65]
• Waugh, Mr. Alexander, English Consul, [111]
• Weldon, Mr. Hamilton, [55]
• Westminster, Duke of, attitude towards Armenian atrocities, [22]
• White, Sir William, [193], [295]
• Whitman, Mrs., and the Turkish ladies, [258]
• Whittaker, Mr., [14], [171]
• Whittall, [15]–[16], [22]–[23], [242]
• William II and Abdul Hamid, [53], [162] (note), [261], [294]–[295]
• William III of England, [252]
• Woman, the Turkish, status, [165]–[166], [215], [256]–[258]
• Woods, Admiral Sir Henry, Pasha, [242]–[243]
• Xerias, River, [43]
• Yildiz, the Palace at, [14], [18], [19], [31]–[35], [51]–[52], [72]–[73], [128]–[129], [137]–[158], [176]–[177]
• Young Turk movement, [26], [124] (note), [287]
• Zeki Pasha, Marshal, [73]
• Zigana Pass, [84]–[85]
• Zola, La Débâcle, [124]

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