Gottlieb, "P. M. Smolenskin" ("Gallery of Jewish Worthies"), Part II, St. Petersburg, 1899 [R].

Lilienblum, Hattot Ne`urim ("Sins of Youth"), Vienna, 1876; also in his collected works, Cracow, 1910-1912, vol. II.

Klausner, "Moshe Leib Lilienblum" (a biographical analysis, prefacing the first volume of Lilienblum's collected works).

Hessen, "O. Rabinivich and I. Orshanski" ("Gallery of Jewish Worthies"), Part I, St. Petersburg, 1898 [R].

"Ilya Grigorievich Orshanski, an Autobiographical Sketch," Yevr. Bibl., vol. VI, pp. 1-43, St. Petersburg, 1878.

Yampolski, "Recollections of I. G. Orshanski," Yevr. St., 1911, p. 55 et seq.

Volynski, "The Portrayer of Russian Jewry" (on the stories of Levanda), Voskhod, 1888.

"From the Correspondence of L. O. Levanda," Yevr. Bibl., vols. IX-X, St. Petersburg, 1901-1903, containing also some letters from Bogrov; Comp. Yevr. St., 1913, pp. 279-281.

Wengeroff, Memoiren einer Grossmutter, vol. II, Berlin, 1910, containing valuable material for the understanding of the transition period of the fifties and sixties.